Horizontal wind velocity in the altitude range of approx. 60-90 km is observed with Poker Flat MF (medium frequency) radar, using the radar wave at 2.43 MHz. The radar receives weak radio echo signals returned from the weakly ionized atmosphere (ionospheric D-region) at the target altitudes, to deduce horizontal air motions (Murayama, Y., K. Igarashi, D. D. Rice, B. J. Watkins, R. L. Collins, K. Mizutani, Y. Saito, and S. Kainuma, Medium Frequency Radars in...

The 4D-VAR assimilation system used here is the same as in Masuda et al. [2003] covering the global ocean. The OGCM is version 3 of the GFDL Modular Ocean Model (MOM; Pacanowski and Griffies, 1999), which is equipped with several sophisticated parameterization schemes, for example, nonlocal K Profile Parameterization (Large et al., 1994) for mixed layer physics, Gent and McWilliams's scheme (Gent and McWiiliams, 1990) for isopycnal mixing, and quicker advection scheme (Leonald, 1979). The...

Impact on human health by automobile air pollutants in roadside areas was investigated in the SORA (Study On Respiratory disease and Automobile exhaust) project (H17-22fy) administered by the Japan Ministry of Environment. In this project, a model was developed for estimating air-pollutant exposure to roadside residents. To provide validation data for this model, diffusion experiments under various building configurations from regular arrays to real cities were conducted in the Atmospheric Diffusion Wind Tunnel at National...

The spatial distribution of the data were first interpolated by near-distance interpolation method based on Baseline Meteorological Dataset of Siberia (BMDS, 77stations), and then accumulated on the annual.

The Global Dataset of Historical Yield (GDHY_v1_2) offers annual time series data of 0.5-degree grid-cell yield estimates of major crops worldwide. The crops considered in this dataset are maize, rice, wheat and soybean. The unit of yield data is t/ha. The grd-cell yield data were estimated using the satellite-derived crop-specific vegetation index and FAO-reported country yield statistics. Maize and rice have the data for each of two growing seasons (major/secondary). "Winter" and "spring" are used...

The S14 retrospecitive meteorological forcing dataset (S14FD) offers daily data of 11 climatic variables over the globe from 1958 to 2013. The data over the sea and Antarctica are not bias-corrected (i.e., the raw data of the JRA-55 reanalysis were used), whereas those over the land are bias-corrected. Variables include daily mean 2m air temperature (tave2m, °C), daily maximum 2m air temperature (tmax2m, °C), daily minimum 2m air temperature (tmin2m, °C), daily total precipitation (precsfc,...

The ionogram is recorded tracings of high-frequency (HF) radio pulses reflected in the ionosphere. It is produced by the vertical incidence ionospheric sounder (ionosonde) at Wakkanai, Hokkaido, Japan. The sounding frequency is swept from 1 to 30 MHz. The height is calculated from the traveling time of the sounding radio wave and the light velocity, i.e., virtual height. Echo traces are composed of ordinary and extraordinary mode by the effect of the Earth's magnetic field...

This dataset includes data measured with induction magnetometer and electrodes that are installed at Muroto, Japan.

Oki/Kanae Lab purchases rights to archive the GSM-GPV data and stores them in Kitsuregawa-Lab data servers from July 2002. The data are free for research purpose, but refer or acknowledge as followings: The GSM-GPV data are originally provided by JMA. To access them, the archiving system of Oki/Kanae-Lab and Kitsuregawa-Lab, IIS, Univ. of Tokyo is used. Data accessible at http://dias.tkl.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp/gpv/

The Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS)-II is a satellite-borne sensor that measures ozone and its related chemical species in the high-latitude stratosphere on the basis of the solar occultation technique. There are approximately 14 measurements a day for each of the hemispheres, at sunrise seen from the satellite in the Northern Hemisphere and at sunset seen from the satellite in the Southern Hemisphere. The retrieval algorithm is based on an onion-peeling method that uses a...

Ionospheric parameters are manually scaled from ionograms which are obtained at Wakkanai, Hokkaido, Japan by the swept frequency ionosonde for the range between 1 and 30 MHz. Scaled parameters are the ordinary-mode critical frequencies (foE, foF1, foF2) and the minimum virtual heights (h'E, h'F1, h'F2) corresponding to E (90-120 km), and F (> 120km) layers of the ionosphere; and the minimum observation frequency (fmin), which can be a measure of the D (80-90 km) region...

The present data set is time series data of atmospheric methane (CH4) mixing ratios measured at Cape Ochi-ishi situated at the base of Nemuro Peninsula in eastern Hokkaido, Japan. The monitoring station is located on top of a cliff 50 m above ground at the southern tip of the cape facing the Pacific Ocean. Air is sampled from an intake placed on a tower adjacent to the observation station about 50 m above ground level,...

■Satellite/Sensor The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) onboard the GCOM-W satellite is a remote sensing instrument for measuring weak microwave emission from the surface and the atmosphere of the Earth. From about 700 km above the Earth, AMSR2 will provide us highly accurate measurements of the intensity of microwave emission and scattering. The antenna of AMSR2 rotates once per 1.5 seconds and obtains data over a 1450 km swath. This conical scan mechanism enables...

There are many standard MODIS data products that scientists are using to study global change. These products are being used by scientists from a variety of disciplines, including oceanography, biology, and atmospheric science. ■Satellite/Sensor The moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) is a payload scientific instrument built by Santa Barbara Remote Sensing[1] that was launched into Earth orbit by NASA in 1999 on board the Terra (EOS AM) Satellite, and in 2002 on board the Aqua (EOS...

There are many standard MODIS data products that scientists are using to study global change. These products are being used by scientists from a variety of disciplines, including oceanography, biology, and atmospheric science. ■Satellite/Sensor The moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) is a payload scientific instrument built by Santa Barbara Remote Sensing[1] that was launched into Earth orbit by NASA in 1999 on board the Terra (EOS AM) Satellite, and in 2002 on board the Aqua (EOS...

Three scale-types of datasets observed by new generation of remote sensing satellites (including TERRA, AQUA, ADEOS-II) in addition to TRMM and DMSP series, which were providing enhancement of observing capabilities to quantify critical atmospheric, surface, hydrologic and oceanographic data during CEOP time periods are available. 250 km square snapshots of the highest resolution raw radiances (with geographic location, i.e. level 1) remote sensing data at the 35-51 in situ reference sites are archived. * Mission...

The CEOP satellite datasets are geo-coded data resampled to regular latitude longitude grid on three type scales: reference site scale, monsoon scale, and global scale. It is easy to compare satellite data with in-situ measurement and or model output. Also, the satellite datasets include radiance data and geo-physical parameter such as soil moisture, vegetation index, water vapor, precipitation, sea surface temperature and so on, which are retrieved from data of MODIS, AMSR-E, SSM/I, PR, TMI,...

The CEOP satellite datasets are geo-coded data resampled to regular latitude longitude grid on three type scales: reference site scale, monsoon scale, and global scale. It is easy to compare satellite data with in-situ measurement and or model output. Also, the satellite datasets include radiance data and geo-physical parameter such as soil moisture, vegetation index, water vapor, precipitation, sea surface temperature and so on, which are retrieved from data of MODIS, AMSR-E, SSM/I, PR, TMI,...

The CEOP satellite datasets are geo-coded data resampled to regular latitude longitude grid on three type scales: reference site scale, monsoon scale, and global scale. It is easy to compare satellite data with in-situ measurement and or model output. Also, the satellite datasets include radiance data and geo-physical parameter such as soil moisture, vegetation index, water vapor, precipitation, sea surface temperature and so on, which are retrieved from data of MODIS, AMSR-E, SSM/I, PR, TMI,...

The CEOP satellite datasets are geo-coded data resampled to regular latitude longitude grid on three type scales: reference site scale, monsoon scale, and global scale. It is easy to compare satellite data with in-situ measurement and or model output. Also, the satellite datasets include radiance data and geo-physical parameter such as soil moisture, vegetation index, water vapor, precipitation, sea surface temperature and so on, which are retrieved from data of MODIS, AMSR-E, SSM/I, PR, TMI,...

Three scale-types of datasets observed by new generation of remote sensing satellites (including TERRA, AQUA, ADEOS-II) in addition to TRMM and DMSP series, which were providing enhancement of observing capabilities to quantify critical atmospheric, surface, hydrologic and oceanographic data during CEOP time periods are available. 250 km square snapshots of the highest resolution raw radiances (with geographic location, i.e. level 1) remote sensing data at the 35-51 in situ reference sites are archived. ■Mission DMSP...

Three scale-types of datasets observed by new generation of remote sensing satellites (including TERRA, AQUA, ADEOS-II) in addition to TRMM and DMSP series, which were providing enhancement of observing capabilities to quantify critical atmospheric, surface, hydrologic and oceanographic data during CEOP time periods are available. 250 km square snapshots of the highest resolution raw radiances (with geographic location, i.e. level 1) remote sensing data at the 35-51 in situ reference sites are archived. ■Mission ADEOS-Ⅱ...

Three scale-types of datasets observed by new generation of remote sensing satellites (including TERRA, AQUA, ADEOS-II) in addition to TRMM and DMSP series, which were providing enhancement of observing capabilities to quantify critical atmospheric, surface, hydrologic and oceanographic data during CEOP time periods are available. 250 km square snapshots of the highest resolution raw radiances (with geographic location, i.e. level 1) remote sensing data at the 35-51 in situ reference sites are archived. ■Mission ADEOS-Ⅱ...

Three scale-types of datasets observed by new generation of remote sensing satellites (including TERRA, AQUA, ADEOS-II) in addition to TRMM and DMSP series, which were providing enhancement of observing capabilities to quantify critical atmospheric, surface, hydrologic and oceanographic data during CEOP time periods are available. 250 km square snapshots of the highest resolution raw radiances (with geographic location, i.e. level 1) remote sensing data at the 35-51 in situ reference sites are archived. ■Mission ADEOS-Ⅱ...

Three scale-types of datasets observed by new generation of remote sensing satellites (including TERRA, AQUA, ADEOS-II) in addition to TRMM and DMSP series, which were providing enhancement of observing capabilities to quantify critical atmospheric, surface, hydrologic and oceanographic data during CEOP time periods are available. 250 km square snapshots of the highest resolution raw radiances (with geographic location, i.e. level 1) remote sensing data at the 35-51 in situ reference sites are archived. ■Mission ADEOS-Ⅱ...