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### Linear trend in Annual maximum length of wet spell (1921-2015) as defined as the maximum number of consecutive days with precipitation ≥ 1mm

An updated analysis of trends in South African rainfall is presented in The Third National Communication (TNC) to UNFCCC published in 2018. The analysis builds on the studies of Kruger & Sekele (2012) and Mackellar et al. (2014). A total of 60 weather stations were used for the rainfall trend analysis spanning the period 1921-2015. Apart from the trends in the annual rainfall totals, long-term changes in rainfall can manifest in changes in rainfall extremes....

### Linear trend in length of dry spell (1921-2015) defined as the maximum number of consecutive days with precipitation < 1mm

An updated analysis of trends in South African rainfall is presented in The Third National Communication (TNC) to UNFCCC published in 2018. The analysis builds on the studies of Kruger & Sekele (2012) and Mackellar et al. (2014). A total of 60 weather stations were used for the rainfall trend analysis spanning the period 1921-2015. Apart from the trends in the annual rainfall totals, long-term changes in rainfall can manifest in changes in rainfall extremes....

### Linear trend in annual nighttime warmest temperature (1931-2015) defined as the annual maximum value of minimum temperature (TN)

An updated analysis of trends in South African temperatures is presented in The Third National Communication (TNC) to UNFCCC published in 2018. The analysis builds on the studies of Kruger & Sekele (2012) and Mackellar et al. (2014). A total of 27 weather stations was used for for temperature trends analysis spanning the period 1931-2015. Apart from the trends in the annual mean minimum, maximum and average temperatures, and average diurnal temperature range, the analyses...

### Linear trend in annual longest cold spell (1931-2015) defined as the annual number of days with at least 6 consecutive days when minimum temperature (TN) < 10th percentile

An updated analysis of trends in South African temperatures is presented in The Third National Communication (TNC) to UNFCCC published in 2018. The analysis builds on the studies of Kruger & Sekele (2012) and Mackellar et al. (2014). A total of 27 weather stations was used for for temperature trends analysis spanning the period 1931-2015. Apart from the trends in the annual mean minimum, maximum and average temperatures, and average diurnal temperature range, the analyses...

### Interpolated observed weather data for the Cape Floristic Region

Conservation of biodiversity demands comprehension of evolutionary and ecological patterns and processes that occur over vast spatial and temporal scales. A central goal of ecology is to understand the climatic factors that control ecological processes and this has become even more important in the face of climate change. Especially at global scales, there can be enormous uncertainty in underlying environmental data used to explain ecological processes, but that uncertainty is rarely quantified or incorporated into...

### South African Land Cover 1990 Class D Natural Vegetation Resampled to a 1km Grid

The 1990 South African National land cover dataset produced by (© GEOTERRAIMAGE - 2014) as a commercial data product was generated from digital, multi-seasonal Landsat 4/5 multispectral imagery, acquired between April 1989 and October 1993. In excess of 600 Landsat images were used to generate the land cover information, based on an average of 8 different seasonal image acquisition dates, within each of the 76 x image frames required to cover South Africa. The land...

### South African Land Cover 1990 Class G Orchards Resampled to a 1km Grid

The 1990 South African National land cover dataset produced by (© GEOTERRAIMAGE - 2014) as a commercial data product was generated from digital, multi-seasonal Landsat 4/5 multispectral imagery, acquired between April 1989 and October 1993. In excess of 600 Landsat images were used to generate the land cover information, based on an average of 8 different seasonal image acquisition dates, within each of the 76 x image frames required to cover South Africa. The land...

### South African Land Cover 1990 Class K Sugarcane Irrigated Resampled to a 1km Grid

The 1990 South African National land cover dataset produced by (© GEOTERRAIMAGE - 2014) as a commercial data product was generated from digital, multi-seasonal Landsat 4/5 multispectral imagery, acquired between April 1989 and October 1993. In excess of 600 Landsat images were used to generate the land cover information, based on an average of 8 different seasonal image acquisition dates, within each of the 76 x image frames required to cover South Africa. The land...

### South African Land Cover 1990 Class L Sugarcane Dry Resampled to a 1km Grid

The 1990 South African National land cover dataset produced by (© GEOTERRAIMAGE - 2014) as a commercial data product was generated from digital, multi-seasonal Landsat 4/5 multispectral imagery, acquired between April 1989 and October 1993. In excess of 600 Landsat images were used to generate the land cover information, based on an average of 8 different seasonal image acquisition dates, within each of the 76 x image frames required to cover South Africa. The land...

### South African Land Cover 2014 Class E Commercial Agriculture Resampled to a 1km Grid

The 2013-14 South African National land cover dataset produced by (© GEOTERRAIMAGE - 2014) as a commercial data product was generated from digital, multi-seasonal Landsat 8 multispectral imagery, acquired between April 2013 and March 2014. In excess of 600 Landsat images were used to generate the land cover information, based on an average of 8 different seasonal image acquisition dates, within each of the 76 x image frames required to cover South Africa. The land...

### Total carbon per land unit for 2018 in t/ha

Total carbon per land unit includes the soil organic carbon as calculated from ISRIC soil data as well as the carbon computed from biomass for the herbaceous, woody and litter vegetation components. SANLC2018 was used to allocated the total carbon proportionally to different land cover classes.

### Soil loss from ISRIC reference data (2018)

The total carbon per land unit in South Africa was determined with ISRIC Africa SoilGrids data and vegetation biomass. By using the South Africal National Land Cover 2018 product the estimated soil loss for the country could be calculated. The ISRIC data was released in 2015

### Total Woody Biomass in gC.m2

Total woody biomass is the sum of the above ground and below ground woody biomass as proportionally divided per land cover for 2014. Values in this layer is in gC.m2

### Total Herbaceous Biomass for 1990 in gC.m2

Total herbaceous biomass is the sum of the above ground and below ground biomass per land unit, proportionally allocated to land cover classes using the NLC1990

### South African Land Cover 2014 Class P Built-up Resampled to a 1km Grid

The 2013-14 South African National land cover dataset produced by (© GEOTERRAIMAGE - 2014) as a commercial data product was generated from digital, multi-seasonal Landsat 8 multispectral imagery, acquired between April 2013 and March 2014. In excess of 600 Landsat images were used to generate the land cover information, based on an average of 8 different seasonal image acquisition dates, within each of the 76 x image frames required to cover South Africa. The land...

### South African Land Cover 2018 Class G Orchards Resampled to a 1km Grid

Raster-based land cover dataset representing the full South African landscape for the full year 2018. Derived from 20m Sentinel 2 imagery acquired between 01 January 2018 and 31 December 2018. Land cover information classes based on new Gazetted land cover standards and legend content used in 2013-14 national land cover data. All land cover and land-use classes generated using automated modelling procedures for full operational repeatability and change detection. Class 32 of the 2018 South...

### Above ground herbaceous biomass for 2018 in t/ha

The above ground herbaceous biomass is a very small fraction of the total terrestrial organic carbon stocks and it was calculated with the same model as in the 2014 NTCSA dataset. The equation incorporates Rain Use Efficiency, amount of rain required to enable production per year and tree cover fraction. A mean herbaceous layer is modelled based on mean long term rainfall. The above ground herbaceous biomass was based on harvest factors obtained from the...

### Total Soil Organic Carbon for 1990 in t/ha

ISRIC Africa SoiGrids data were used to calculate a reference layer of soil organic carbon (SOC). It was done by using the organic carbon content and bulk density data sets available at 250m resolution and for 6 different depths. The data was aggregated to a depth of 30cm for topsoil and 100cm for subsoil. The impact of land use on the SOC is included by incorportating the 1990 National Land Cover data set for South...

### Soil Organic Carbon in Topsoil (30cm depth) - 2018

ISRIC soil data is available in 6 depths of which the 0-5, 5-15 and 15-30cm layers were aggregated to obtain the soil organic carbon for topsoil. The values of this layer was adjusted by taking land cover / land use into account by using the SANLC2018

### Soil data collected for a study on the Impact of livestock grazing intensity on the plant diversity of species-rich montane grassland in the northern Drakensberg, South Africa

This data was collected and digitised by Thamsanqa Alfred Shezi as part of his thesis, "Impact of livestock grazing intensity on the plant diversity of species-rich montane grassland in the northern Drakensberg, South Africa". Soil environmental variables determined for each plot included levels of P, K, Ca, N, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu, exchangeable acidity, acidity saturation, total cations, pH (KCl), organic carbon and percent clay. Soil form at each sampling location was identified by extracting...

### Species data collected for a study on the Impact of livestock grazing intensity on the plant diversity of species-rich montane grassland in the northern Drakensberg, South Africa

This data was collected and digitised by Thamsanqa Alfred Shezi as part of his thesis, "Impact of livestock grazing intensity on the plant diversity of species-rich montane grassland in the northern Drakensberg, South Africa". All 90 plots (5 x 5 m) were placed along spurs and at as regular distances as possible to each other to capture the gradient. Every species within a plot was listed and its cover scored using the Domin scale (Jager...

### Historical Research Survey Database

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The historical survey data were transcribed from the Department of Agriculture Report of the Marine Biologist (pre-1900) and Report of the Government Biologist (1900-1904) publications for the period of 1897-1904. The data from 1920-1949 were transcribed from the Union of South Africa series of Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey reports, which in 1935 became the Department of Commerce and Industries Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Division reports, and from 1937 onwards were published as The...

### Projected changes in annual mean temperature (°C) under RCP 4.5 for the 2046-2065 time period based on the National Centre for Meteorological Research Coupled Global Climate Model, version 5 (CNRM-CM5)

The analyses of future climate change over South Africa as described in the Third National Communication, are from the projections of the Coupled Global Climate Models (CGCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and Assessment Report (AR) 5 of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). These projections are used to inform on the uncertainty range of the large-scale climate change futures over the southern African region. At the Council for Scientific...

### Projected changes in annual mean temperature (°C) under RCP 4.5 for the 2080-2099 time period based on the National Centre for Meteorological Research Coupled Global Climate Model, version 5 (CNRM-CM5)

The analyses of future climate change over South Africa as described in the Third National Communication, are from the projections of the Coupled Global Climate Models (CGCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and Assessment Report (AR) 5 of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). These projections are used to inform on the uncertainty range of the large-scale climate change futures over the southern African region. At the Council for Scientific...

### Projected changes in annual mean temperature (°C) under RCP8.5 for the 2046-2065 time period based on the National Centre for Meteorological Research Coupled Global Climate Model, version 5 (CNRM-CM5)

The analyses of future climate change over South Africa as described in the Third National Communication, are from the projections of the Coupled Global Climate Models (CGCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and Assessment Report (AR) 5 of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). These projections are used to inform on the uncertainty range of the large-scale climate change futures over the southern African region. At the Council for Scientific...

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