The aim of the 1996 survey, based on independent samples for England and Scotland, was to continue the series of estimates of the prevalence of cigarette smoking among secondary schoolchildren, and to draw attention to any changes in behaviour. See documentation for further details.<br> The <I>Smoking, Drinking and Drug Use among Young People</I> began in 1982, under the name Smoking among Secondary Schoolchildren. The series initially aimed to provide national estimates of the proportion of...

For the 1998 survey, the coverage of smoking issues was further reduced, in order to include a number of questions about drug use. Questions about the smoking behaviour of family members were dropped from the English survey in order to accommodate these, but were still asked in Scotland, where the drug use questions were restricted to actual drug use only. The questions dropped from the English survey were, however, included in the corresponding HEA <i>Teenage...

This study aimed to provide a more individual, micro-level appreciation of infant mortality data. Previously, the focus of these data had been aggregative, at a fairly high level of aggregation - the country, county registration district. To that end, a team of research students at the Open University has examined vaccination registers at the sub-registration district level for 22 such districts.<br> In 1853 vaccination was made compulsory and in 1871 legislation was introduced requiring all...

This data-set was one of several used to estimate emigration from and migration within Scotland between 1861 and 1911.

This study aimed to explore the ways in which male students calculated the costs and benefits of higher education in England in the 1930s, before the establishment of mandatory grants and awards; together with an analysis of the strategies used for meeting the costs of this investment. It was designed to complement the researcher's earlier study of women graduates of the same period, which was carried out in 1995 with support from the Spencer Foundation...

This is a mixed methods study, comprising both qualitative and quantitative data. The aim of this study was to determine how risk associated with infections and the control of infectious diseases were managed and distributed in the NHS quasi market, the specific objectives were:<br> 1. to evaluate the effectiveness of formal contracts, regulations and informal practices relating to risks of infection and the likely effectiveness of these clauses;<br> 2. to consider how agency relationships within...

Background and Objectives<br> In October 1993, British Market Research Bureau International (BMRB) was commissioned to conduct a study for MAFF amongst the vegetarian population of Great Britain. This research was required to recruit a representative sample of 400 vegetarians and investigate their overall diet and intake of certain dietary components. The key objectives were as follows:<br> To obtain accurate and detailed consumption data by coding in such a way as to allow extraction of mean...

This study (SN:4177) comprises the returns for England, Wales, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man; those for Scotland are available as SN:4178 &lt;i&gt;1881 Census for Scotland&lt;/i&gt;. This computerised transcription of the census enumerators' books for the 1881 Census for England, Scotland and Wales, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man is a by-product of a project to create a microfiche index of the population of Great Britain for genealogists. Covering the entire...

This study (SN:4178) comprises the returns for Scotland; those for England, Wales, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are available in SN:4177 &lt;i&gt;1881 Census for England and Wales, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man (Enhanced Version)&lt;/i&gt;. This computerised transcription of the census enumerators' books for the 1881 Census for England, Scotland and Wales, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man is a by-product of a project to create a microfiche...

The aim of the third phase of the study (phase III) was to continue with the collection of basic information for monitoring the nutritional status and growth of primary school children, with the additional information for associated studies, as in phase II. By 1982, however, it was apparent that the sample did not achieve the weighting towards poorer children originally intended. In addition, it under-represented inner urban areas and the Scottish sample was too small...

The <i>Opinions and Lifestyle Survey</i> (formerly known as the ONS Opinions Survey or Omnibus) is a regular, multi-purpose survey which was carried out in eight months of the year until April 2005. From this point it has run monthly. It started operating commercially in 1990 and was set up originally to meet the needs of government departments for a survey that used short and simple sets of questions, had greater statistical reliability than private sector...

The <i>Opinions and Lifestyle Survey</i> (formerly known as the ONS Opinions Survey or Omnibus) is a regular, multi-purpose survey which was carried out in eight months of the year until April 2005. From this point it has run monthly. It started operating commercially in 1990 and was set up originally to meet the needs of government departments for a survey that used short and simple sets of questions, had greater statistical reliability than private sector...

The overall aim of the project was to identify the problems, issues and possible solutions that arose from implementing a literacy hour within small rural schools in the first year of the &lt;i&gt;National Literacy Strategy&lt;/i&gt; (1998-1999).<br> The objectives of the study were:<br> to measure the effect of the introduction of the literacy hour in said schools on pupils' literacy learning through small standardized tests and case study evidence;<br> to analyse how teachers modify the NLS...

Using an extensive programme of monitoring, quantitative research and qualitative studies, this research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Job Seeker's Allowance, which replaced Unemployment Benefit and Income Support for unemployed people on 7 October 1996. The quantitative component was based on a 'before and after' design which involved conducting survey interviews with two nationally representative samples of 5000 unemployed people. One sample was drawn before the implementation of Job Seeker's Allowance, the other afterwards....

For the second edition of the study, the depositor supplied a re-weighted version of the data file. The re-weighting has been done to bring LFS data in line with the population estimates from the 2001 Census. <b>Background</b><br> The <i>Labour Force Survey</i> (LFS) is a unique source of information using international definitions of employment and unemployment and economic inactivity, together with a wide range of related topics such as occupation, training, hours of work and personal...

For the second edition of the study, the depositor supplied a re-weighted version of the data file. The re-weighting has been done to bring LFS data in line with the population estimates from the 2001 Census. <b>Background</b><br> The <i>Labour Force Survey</i> (LFS) is a unique source of information using international definitions of employment and unemployment and economic inactivity, together with a wide range of related topics such as occupation, training, hours of work and personal...

For the second edition of the study, the depositor supplied a re-weighted version of the data file. The re-weighting has been done to bring LFS data in line with the population estimates from the 2001 Census. <b>Background</b><br> The <i>Labour Force Survey</i> (LFS) is a unique source of information using international definitions of employment and unemployment and economic inactivity, together with a wide range of related topics such as occupation, training, hours of work and personal...

For the second edition of this dataset (May 2002), the data were regrossed according to the new population estimates described above. The <i>Labour Force Survey</i> (LFS) has been carried out in the UK since 1973. From 1973 until 1983 the survey was carried out biennially, and from 1984 until 1991 it was conducted annually. In 1992 the quarterly LFS was introduced. For full background and methodological information users should refer to the main <i>Quarterly Labour...

For the third edition, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA - previously the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF)) supplied weighting factors for the data. <b>Background and coverage over time</b>:<br> The <i>National Food Survey</i> (NFS), which ran from 1974-2000, was the longest-running continuous survey of household food consumption and expenditure in the world. It was originally set up in 1940 by the then Ministry of Food to monitor the adequacy of...

The <i>Scottish Social Attitudes</i> (SSA) survey was launched by ScotCen Social Research (formerly the Scottish Centre for Social Research) in 1999, following the advent of devolution. Based on annual rounds of interviews of between 1,200 to 1,500 people drawn using probability sampling (based on a stratified, clustered sample), it aims to facilitate the study of public opinion and inform the development of public policy in Scotland, similar to the <i>British Social Attitudes</i> (BSA) series (held...

The Millennium Survey of Poverty and Social Exclusion (PSE) was designed to update the Breadline Britain Surveys which were conducted by Mori in 1983 and 1990 (see also Gordon et al, Breadline Britain in the 1990s). Firstly, a representative sample of the population of Great Britain was asked for their views on what constitutes the necessities of life in present day Britain. This was done in June 1999 using the Office for National Statistics (ONS)...

The study examined the influence of conditions of test administration upon shy children's performance on tests of vocabulary. Prior research had established that shy children differ from their peers not only in their use of language in routine social encounters, but also in formal assessments of their language development, including psychometric tests of vocabulary. This has been interpreted in terms of deficits in shy children's communicative competence. An alternative hypothesis is that shy children are...

There is a widespread belief that literacy levels among offenders are lower than those in the general population. A frequently-associated belief is that if their reading problems were to be addressed, then offenders would abandon anti-social ways and pursue law-abiding careers. The Prison Reading Survey investigates the basis for these beliefs by assessing the prevalence of reading problems in a systematic random sample of 203 adult male offenders serving custodial sentences in a representative selection...

The study examined in detail over 300 criminal trials surviving in Geneva relating to sexual deviance (homosexuality, male rape/sexual assault, paedophilia, lesbianism, bestiality, adolescent sexual experimentation, female rape/sexual assault, adultery and fornication). These trials, in which verbatim testimony and numerous depositions by witnesses survive, give an ideal place to test pre-Freudian ideas of sexual development, sexual categories and sexual self-awareness.