Figure S1. Cell density along the axis of compression increased approximately 20%, from 14.0± 0.5 to 16.6 ± 0.9. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. Cells were counted using the maximum intensity projections of the Hoechst channel before and after crowding Figure S2. Exploded view of the assembled device, with annotation numbers as described in Tables S1 and S2. Since some regions of this device experience high localized stress during tension, the 3-D...

Figure S1. Cell density along the axis of compression increased approximately 20%, from 14.0± 0.5 to 16.6 ± 0.9. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. Cells were counted using the maximum intensity projections of the Hoechst channel before and after crowding Figure S2. Exploded view of the assembled device, with annotation numbers as described in Tables S1 and S2. Since some regions of this device experience high localized stress during tension, the 3-D...

Figure S1. Cell density along the axis of compression increased approximately 20%, from 14.0± 0.5 to 16.6 ± 0.9. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. Cells were counted using the maximum intensity projections of the Hoechst channel before and after crowding Figure S2. Exploded view of the assembled device, with annotation numbers as described in Tables S1 and S2. Since some regions of this device experience high localized stress during tension, the 3-D...

Figure S1 CD45 is negative in EV samples determined by western blot, mouse spleen tissue lysate was used as positive control. SP: spleen, SEV: EVs isolated from sham group, IREV: EVs isolated from I/R group.

Supplemental Figure 1. Bright-field image of B. cereus cells taken from a stationary phase culture and incubated in a 0.4% EB solution. In two instances EB specifically stains a single compartment in a filamentous chain.

Supplementary Method File

Figure S1 - PCR scheme to produce artificial microRNA constructs Figure S2 - Absolute quantification of transgene copy number in C3siRNA- and CF7siRNA-expressing lettuces using quantitative real-time PCR Figure S3 - Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of mature C3 and CF7 artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs) in C3siRNA- and CF7siRNA-expressing lettuces using stem-loop primer.

Figure S1 - PCR scheme to produce artificial microRNA constructs Figure S2 - Absolute quantification of transgene copy number in C3siRNA- and CF7siRNA-expressing lettuces using quantitative real-time PCR Figure S3 - Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of mature C3 and CF7 artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs) in C3siRNA- and CF7siRNA-expressing lettuces using stem-loop primer.

Supplementary Figure 1: Data from ­gure 1A with ‑uorescence shown on log scale. Fluorescence acquisition below the heteroduplex melt temperature (72°C, green trace) shows a plateau after ampli­cation; ‑uorescence acquisition above the heteroduplex melt temperature shows the ‘hook eect’ (77°C, purple trace).

Supplementary Figure 1: Data from ­gure 1A with ‑uorescence shown on log scale. Fluorescence acquisition below the heteroduplex melt temperature (72°C, green trace) shows a plateau after ampli­cation; ‑uorescence acquisition above the heteroduplex melt temperature shows the ‘hook eect’ (77°C, purple trace).

Supplementary Figure 1. Influence of spore morphology on spectrophotometric quantification of Trichoderma inocula Schematic diagram of the workflow. Starting at the left upper panel, fungal cultures with mature conidia are required, and are harvested by lifting the cells into 0.05% Tween® 20 solution. For each dilution, absorbance and cell count should be determined and the absorbance plotted against the number of cells per unit. The calibration curves can then be used to determine the...

Supplementary Figure 1. Influence of spore morphology on spectrophotometric quantification of Trichoderma inocula Schematic diagram of the workflow. Starting at the left upper panel, fungal cultures with mature conidia are required, and are harvested by lifting the cells into 0.05% Tween® 20 solution. For each dilution, absorbance and cell count should be determined and the absorbance plotted against the number of cells per unit. The calibration curves can then be used to determine the...

Supplementary Figure 1. Influence of spore morphology on spectrophotometric quantification of Trichoderma inocula Schematic diagram of the workflow. Starting at the left upper panel, fungal cultures with mature conidia are required, and are harvested by lifting the cells into 0.05% Tween® 20 solution. For each dilution, absorbance and cell count should be determined and the absorbance plotted against the number of cells per unit. The calibration curves can then be used to determine the...

Graphical abstract: Candida albicans has remained the main etiological agent of candidiasis, challenges clinicians with high mortality and morbidity. The emergence of resistance to antifungal drugs, toxicity and lower efficacy have all contributed to an urgent need to develop alternative drugs aiming at novel targets in C. albicans. Targeting the production of virulence factors, which are essential processes for infectious agents, represents an attractive substitute for the development of newer anti-infectives. The present review highlights...

Supplementary Video 1. Intratracheal aerosolization of viral vectors to newborn pig airways. Video of bronchoscope passing through vocal folds of the larynx and into the trachea. A 4-week-old pig was sedated using isoflurane and intubated using a bronchoscope. The bronchoscope was guided through vocal folds of the larynx to demonstrate proper intubation. Tracheal rings visualized indicate that the trachea was properly intubated.
Article Abstract: Gene therapy for airway diseases requires efficient delivery of...

Supplementary Video 1. Intratracheal aerosolization of viral vectors to newborn pig airways. Video of bronchoscope passing through vocal folds of the larynx and into the trachea. A 4-week-old pig was sedated using isoflurane and intubated using a bronchoscope. The bronchoscope was guided through vocal folds of the larynx to demonstrate proper intubation. Tracheal rings visualized indicate that the trachea was properly intubated. Supplementary Table 1. Intratracheal aerosolization of viral vectors to newborn pig...

Supplementary Table 3. The relative abundance of microorganisms of soil at the genus level cultured in the biosimulator or conventional dishes. Bacteria from soil was cultured in a biosimulator or conventional dish and the taxonomy determined by 16SrRNA sequencing.

Supplementary Table 2. The relative abundance of microorganisms of water at the genus level cultured in the biosimulator or conventional dishes. Bacteria from spring water was cultured in a biosimulator or conventional dish and the taxonomy determined by 16SrRNA sequencing.

Supplemental Table 1 - Selected candidate reference genes evaluated in this study and the information of the primers used for RT-qPCR.

Supplementary Table 1. Nanoliter-scale next-generation sequencing library mediated high-throughput 16s RRNA microbial community profiling.
Primer sequences. The inner primer pairs were used to amplify the V3/V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The outer primers with spacer sequences and SP sequences at the 5´region of primer were used to construct SNAP-TE libraries compatible for Illumina MiSeq/HiSeq platform. Supplementary Table 2. Nanoliter-scale next-generation sequencing library mediated high-throughput 16s RRNA microbial community profiling. Index sequences...

Supplementary Figure 1. Nanoliter-scale next-generation sequencing library mediated high-throughput 16s RRNA microbial community profiling. One-step amplification and next-generation sequencing library construction of the V3/V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, using inner and outer pairs of primers. Forward primer 314F and reverse primer 806R of the inner primers were used for amplifying the V3/V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The outer primers containing spacer sequence and spacer primer (SP) sequence at the 5’ region...

Movie 3. Thrashing activity of Punc-54::gfp transgenic animals.

Movie 5. Thrashing activity of Punc-54::unc-54(mut)::gfp transgenic animals.

Supplementary material. Autologous iPSC-derived four-organ-chip
Microphysiological systems play a pivotal role in progressing towards a global paradigm shift in drug development. Here, we designed a four-organ-chip interconnecting miniaturized human intestine, liver, brain and kidney equivalents. All four organ models were pre-differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells from the same healthy donor and integrated into the microphysiological system. The co-culture of the four autologous tissue models in one common medium deprived of tissue specific growth factors was...

PROTOCOL FOR: Optimized transformation, overexpression and purification of S100A10