(1)Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (LNEG), Portugal; (2) Instituto Geológico y Minero de España; (3) Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources;

Critical raw materials (CRM) made it back on the EU Commission’s (EC) agenda in 2008. To date three CRM lists have been published (2011, 2014, 2017) and a new list advised for 2020. Invited experts also from National Geological Surveys added their expertise to determine the lists underpinned by projects (e.g. ERECON,...

IGME, Spain

This contribution concerns Neotethys palaeogeography in the Central Internal Hellenides. Neotethys oceanic crust is represented in the Vardar zone of the Hellenides by the ophiolites of the Almopias sub-zone. Contrary to numerous tectonic models in the literature, we show that the Almopias ocean closed in two episodes.

A novel hydrothermal system was discovered at the summit of the underwater Tagoro volcano at 89–120 m depth after the 2011–2012 eruption, characterized by the low-temperature venting of Fe-rich fluids that produced a seafloor draped by extensive Fe-flocculate deposits. The basanite-hornitos are capped by mm- to cm-thick hydrothermally derived Fe-oxyhydroxide sediment and contain micro-cracks and degasification vesicles filled by sulfides (mostly pyrite) and covered by sulfur-oxidizing bacterial mats. Electron microprobe studies on Fe-oxyhydroxide crusts show...

Covering 15,000,000 km2, the pan-European seas represent a promising new frontier for the exploration of mineral resources. The GeoERA-MINDeSEA consortium, a cooperative network of 12 Geological Surveys and Marine Institutes, is facing this exploration challenge. 688 seabed mineral occurrences are described in the MINDeSEA database, GIS cartographies and reports, containing valuable information on geology, metallogeny, critical raw materials prospectivity and mineral potential. Five types of mineral deposits are investigated, including seafloor massive sulphides, ferromanganese crusts,...

Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Germany (1); National Laboratory of Energy and Geology (LNEG), Portugal (2); Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Denmark (3); Geological Survey of Spain (IGME), Spain (4); Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), Norway (5)

“Raw materials, you can’t do well without them”. This statement echoes the needs for a reliable raw materials supply chain. Awareness of raw materials is an essential element for the manufacturing industry,...