Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Hannover, Germany (1); Česká geologická služba, prac. Geologická 6, Praha 5–Barrandov, Czech Republic (2); ISPRA - Dipartimento per il Servizio Geologico d'Italia, Roma, Italy (3); Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Amadora, Portugal (4)

The raw materials required by the European industry, especially metallic raw materials, are largely imported into the EU. Thus, Europe’s economic and social wellbeing relies on supplies from international sources and depends on secure...

Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Germany (1); National Laboratory of Energy and Geology (LNEG), Portugal (2); Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Denmark (3); Geological Survey of Spain (IGME), Spain (4); Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), Norway (5)

“Raw materials, you can’t do well without them”. This statement echoes the needs for a reliable raw materials supply chain. Awareness of raw materials is an essential element for the manufacturing industry,...

(1)Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (LNEG), Portugal; (2) Instituto Geológico y Minero de España; (3) Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources;

Critical raw materials (CRM) made it back on the EU Commission’s (EC) agenda in 2008. To date three CRM lists have been published (2011, 2014, 2017) and a new list advised for 2020. Invited experts also from National Geological Surveys added their expertise to determine the lists underpinned by projects (e.g. ERECON,...