The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has evaluated biological reference values (BAR) for selenium [7782-49-2] in plasma and in urine to characterise the internal exposure. Selenium is an essential trace element, which is incorporated in considerable amounts by nutrition. Occupational exposure can lead to an additional selenium uptake. Its metabolism and distribution behaviour are complex. In plasma most selenium is bound to proteins and demonstrates...

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has evaluated the background concentration of gadolinium [7440-54-2] in occupationally not exposed persons of the general population without gadolinium application for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, MRT measurements). Available publications are described in detail. In total, only few publications on the background exposure to gadolinium could be found, some of which used different analytical methods and different sample matrices (urine,...

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has evaluated cresyl glycidyl ethers (o-isomer [2210-79-9], mixture of isomers [26447-14-3]) considering all toxicological end points. The critical effect of cresyl glycidyl ethers is skin sensitization in humans and animals. In rats, local irritation is observed after inhalation. Cresyl glycidyl ethers are a direct mutagen in bacteria and the mutagenicity is considerably reduced by adding S9-mix. In Big Blue...

The working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area developed and verified the presented biomonitoring method.The method described herein enables the selective and quantitative determination of geraniol metabolites in human urine into the concentration range relevant for environmental exposure. The following four metabolites can be determined using this method: 8‑carboxygeraniol, Hildebrandt acid, geranic acid, and 3‑hydroxycitronellic acid. Hildebrandt acid,...

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re-evaluated the maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value), the Pregnancy Risk Group and the germ cell mutagenicity of formic acid methyl ester [107-31-3]. No neurobehavioral effects were observed in subjects exposed to 100 ml/m3 for 8 hours at rest. After taking the increased respiratory volume at the workplace into account because the blood:air partition coefficient of formic...

The working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area developed and verified the presented biomonitoring method.With the procedure described below, the following lysmeral metabolites are determined in urine: hydroxylysmerylic acid, 4‑tert‑butylbenzoic acid (TBBA), tert‑butylhippuric acid (TBHA), lysmerylic acid, and lysmerol. Following the addition of the deuterated internal standards (TBBA‑d 13 , lysmerylic acid‑d 8 , and lysmerol‑d 8 )...

The working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area developed and verified the presented biomonitoring method.With the procedure described below, the following lysmeral metabolites are determined in urine: hydroxylysmerylic acid, 4‑tert-butylbenzoic acid (TBBA), tert-butylhippuric acid (TBHA), lysmerylic acid, and lysmerol. Following the addition of the deuterated internal standards (TBBA‑d 13 , lysmerylic acid‑d 8 , and lysmerol‑d 8 )...