The presented data contains a list of 729 orb weaver spiders collected in eight sampling sites located in an altitudinal gradient in Valle del Cauca for the doctoral project “Spider silk properties – an ecological approach”, as well as the master project “De los páramos a los bosques tropicales: diversidad de arañas orbiculares del Valle del Cauca”. The former project is aimed at understanding how the environment influences the mechanical properties of major ampullate silk...