It is widely accepted that plasma membrane permeabilization after PEF occurs due to hydrophilic pores formation in the lipid bilayer. The concept of pore formation is confirmed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. However, there is increasing evidence that PEF can cause not only hydrophilic pore formation but also modulate membrane proteins and their function, and these changes could be part of increased membrane’s permeability after PEF. Ion channels, especially voltage-gated ion channels, are probable targets...