Recent reports on the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H$_2$O$_2$) in water microdroplets produced via capillary condensation or pneumatic spraying have garnered significant attention. How covalent bonds in water could break under such conditions challenges our textbook understanding of physical chemistry and the water substance. While there is no definitive answer, it has been speculated that ultrahigh electric fields at the air-water interface are responsible for this chemical transformation. This thesis documents the findings of our...