This data set includes bidirectional reflectance (BDR) spectra and water-quality data of floodplain lakes of the Solimoes and Negro Rivers in the central Amazon basin, Amazonas, Brazil. Samples and measurements were collected during July 2000 to August 2000. Bidirectional reflectance factors were recorded, at 3 nm intervals from 400 to 900 nm, concurrently with in situ measurements of water temperature and Secchi depth, and collection of samples for analysis of optically active components including total...