This dataset provides global hourly output predicted from the Simple Biosphere Model, version 4.2 (SiB4), at a 0.5-degree global scale covering 2000 through 2018. SiB4 is a mechanistic land surface model that integrates heterogeneous land cover, environmentally responsive phenology, dynamic carbon allocation, and cascading carbon pools from live biomass to surface litter to soil organic matter. Hourly output includes carbon fluxes, carbonyl sulfide (COS) fluxes, gross primary production, ecosystem respiration, solar-induced fluorescence (SIF), top-layer soil...