Probing the primordial helium abundance and the effective number of neutrino species with CMB
We point out that light scalar fields with symmetries generically generate non-Gaussianity in the density fluctuations. Our observation makes the presence of the non-Gaussianity ubiquitous. When the inflationary scale and the properties of the scalar fields satisfy a certain relation, the non-Gaussianity becomes large enough to be observed by the ongoing and planned observations. We name such a particle responsible for a large non-Gaussianity as an \'ungaussiton\', and give explicit examples to realize the ungaussiton...
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