The Energy Technologies Institute (ETI) has engaged PPA Energy to provide consultancy support to gain insight into the operational expenditure (opex) of energy networks, including four energy vectors; electricity, gas, heat and hydrogen. This project builds on a previous project undertaken by PPA Energy, ‘Opex Framework for Energy Infrastructure’, in which an understanding of the opex costs associated with the energy infrastructure was developed.The intention of this project is to understand and document the factors...