It is a considerable challenge to develop a mathematical method for modelling the coupling relationship between the control signal and braking performance in the design and optimization, especially with a highly nonlinear system. The present study thus establishes an integrated CFD-aided method, elaborately proposed based on a 1D/3D co-simulation to accomplish a goal of collaborative calculation between multi-physics fields, and conducting the braking and thermal properties that changes dynamically with the control signal. In particular,...