Background: Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have made great progress. However, whether tube baby born after ART were at an increased risk of birth defects is not clear. Objective: To assess whether the ART increases the risk of birth defects in children born after ART. Search strategy: Medline, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Selection criteria: Clinical trials that evaluate the risk of birth defect in children born after in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm...

Background: Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have made great progress. However, whether tube baby born after ART were at an increased risk of birth defects is not clear. Objective: To assess whether the ART increases the risk of birth defects in children born after ART. Search strategy: Medline, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Selection criteria: Clinical trials that evaluate the risk of birth defect in children born after in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm...

Epsilon-toxin (ETX) is produced by types B and D strains of Clostridium perfringens, which cause fatal enterotoxaemia in sheep, goats and cattle. Previous studies showed that only a restricted number of cell lines are sensitive to ETX and ETX-induced hemolysis has not previously been reported. In this study, the hemolytic ability of ETX was examined using erythrocytes from 10 species including murine, rabbit, sheep, monkey and human. We found that ETX caused hemolysis in human...

Epsilon-toxin (ETX) is produced by types B and D strains of Clostridium perfringens, which cause fatal enterotoxaemia in sheep, goats and cattle. Previous studies showed that only a restricted number of cell lines are sensitive to ETX and ETX-induced hemolysis has not previously been reported. In this study, the hemolytic ability of ETX was examined using erythrocytes from 10 species including murine, rabbit, sheep, monkey and human. We found that ETX caused hemolysis in human...

Epsilon-toxin (ETX) is produced by types B and D strains of Clostridium perfringens, which cause fatal enterotoxaemia in sheep, goats and cattle. Previous studies showed that only a restricted number of cell lines are sensitive to ETX and ETX-induced hemolysis has not previously been reported. In this study, the hemolytic ability of ETX was examined using erythrocytes from 10 species including murine, rabbit, sheep, monkey and human. We found that ETX caused hemolysis in human...