Big data increasingly enables prediction of the behaviour and characteristics of individuals. This is ethically concerning on privacy grounds. However, this article discusses other reasons for concern. These predictions usually rely on generalisations about what certain sorts of people tend to do. Generalisations of this sort are often under scrutiny in legal cases, where, for example, lawyers argue that people with prior convictions are more likely to be guilty of the crime they are currently...

2021 has been a landmark year for UK energy and climate policy. Plans and strategies were announced across many sectors, from offshore wind to how we heat our homes. The UK also hosted COP26 and pressed hard for greater ambition. Now that the spotlight has moved, in this Review, we consider whether plans will be adequate to deliver results. With a focus on gas and the UK continental shelf, industrial decarbonisation, heat, mobility and the...

Si les écarts entre les hommes et les femmes de taux d'emploi global et de salaires, à caractéristiques observables données, dont le type d'emploi, sont devenus très faibles, il n'en reste pas moins que les femmes occupent moins fréquemment des postes à haute responsabilité, mieux rémunérés. Notre étude sur le monde académique français en sciences économiques montre que les femmes ne sont pas discriminées lors des concours de promotion mais qu'elles postulent de 30 à...

La crise profonde qui affecte les relations entre l’Union européenne et la Russie trouve ses origines et sa cristallisation dans la question de l’orientation politique, économique et stratégique des pays de l’espace postsoviétique. Face aux actions coercitives du Kremlin en Ukraine, et contrairement à ce que les divisions passées avaient pu laisser prévoir, les Etats membres de l’UE ont fait preuve d’unité dans leurs réponses collectives, s’accordant notamment sur la mise en place d’un régime...

Forests with high above ground biomass (AGB), including those growing on peat swamps, have historically not been thought suitable for biomass mapping and change detection using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). However, by integrating L-band (λ = 0.23 m) SAR with lidar data from the ALOS and ICESat earth-observing satellites respectively, and 56 forest plots, we were able to create a forest biomass and change map for a 10.7 Mha section of eastern Sumatra that still...

Background: Agitation is a common, challenging symptom affecting large numbers of people with dementia and impacting on quality of life (QoL). There is an urgent need for evidence-based, cost-effective psychosocial interventions to improve these outcomes, particularly in the absence of safe, effective pharmacological therapies. This study aimed evaluate the efficacy of a person-centered care and psychosocial intervention (WHELD) on QoL, agitation and antipsychotic use in people with dementia living in nursing homes, and to determine...