Molecular data from three chloroplast markers resolve individuals attributable to Radula buccinifera in six lineages belonging to two subgenera, indicating the species is polyphyletic as currently circumscribed. All lineages are morphologically diagnosable, but one pair exhibits such morphological overlap that they can be considered cryptic. Molecular and morphological data justify the re-instatement of a broadly circumscribed ecologically variable R. strangulata, of R. mittenii, and the description of five new species. Two species Radula mittenii Steph....

1. Plant functional traits, in particular specific leaf area (SLA), wood density and seed mass, are often good predictors of individual tree growth rates within communities. Individuals and species with high SLA, low wood density and small seeds tend to have faster growth rates. 2. If community-level relationships between traits and growth have general predictive value, then similar relationships should also be observed in analyses that integrate across taxa, biogeographic regions and environments. Such global...

Large frugivores play an important role as seed dispersers and their extinction may affect plant regeneration. The consequences of such extinctions depend on the likelihood of other species being functionally redundant and on how post-dispersal events are affected. We assess the functional redundancy of two seed dispersers of the Atlantic Forest, the muriqui (Brachyteles arachnoides) and the tapir (Tapirus terrestris) through the comparison of their seed dispersal quality, taking into account post-dispersal events. We compare...

Adaptive evolution is a major driver of organism diversification but the links between phenotypic traits and environmental niche remains little documented in tropical trees. Moreover, trait-niche relationships are complex because a correlation between the traits and environmental niches displayed by a sample of species may result from (1) convergent evolution if different environmental conditions have selected different sets of traits, and/or (2) phylogenetic inertia if niche and morphological differences between species are simply function of...

Plant diversity is an important driver of diversity at other trophic levels, suggesting that cascading extinctions could reduce overall biodiversity. Most evidence for positive effects of plant diversity comes from grasslands. Despite the fact that forests are hotspots of biodiversity, the importance of tree diversity, in particular its relative importance compared to other management related factors, in affecting forest‐associated taxa is not well known. To address this, we used data from 183 plots, located in...

Paedomorphosis is a major evolutionary process that bypasses metamorphosis and allows reproduction in larvae. In newts and salamanders, it can be facultative with paedomorphs retaining gills and metamorphs dispersing. The evolution of these developmental processes is thought to have been driven by the costs and benefits of inhabiting aquatic versus terrestrial habitats. In this context, we aimed at testing the hypothesis that climatic drivers affect phenotypic transition and the difference across sexes because sex-ratio is...

Historical factors (colonization scenarios, demographic oscillations) and contemporary processes (population connectivity, current population size) largely contribute to shaping species’ present-day genetic diversity and structure. In this study, we use a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers to understand the role of Quaternary climatic oscillations and present-day gene flow dynamics in determining the genetic diversity and structure of the newt Calotriton asper (Al. Dugès, 1852), endemic to the Pyrenees. Mitochondrial DNA did not show a...

Journal of Global Archaeology, 2020

Bryophytes are a group of land plants wherein the role of hybridization has long been challenged. Using Genotyping by Sequencing to circumvent the lack of molecular variation at selected loci previously used for phylogeny and morphology, we determine the level of genetic and morphological divergence and reproductive isolation between the sibling Syrrhopodon annotinus and S. simmondsii (Calymperaceae, Bryopsida) that occur in sympatry but in different habitats in lowland Amazonian rainforests. A clear morphological differentiation and...

Teamwork training and evaluation are essential to enhance safety and quality of care. The lack of the psychometric testing of the TeamSTEPPS® Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire (T-TAQ) and Teamwork Perceptions Questionnaire (T-TPQ) across different language and cultural settings has questioned their widespread use because such attitudes and perceptions are highly subjective and context-bound. The present study aims to translate the T-TAQ and T-TPQ into the French language and validate the psychometric properties of the two questionnaires...

In tropical Africa, evidence of widely distributed genera transcending biomes or habitat boundaries has been reported. The evolutionary processes that allowed these lineages to disperse and adapt into new environments are far from being resolved. To better understand these processes, we propose an integrated approach, based on the eco-physio-morphological traits of two sister species with adjacent distributions along a rainfall gradient. We used wood anatomical traits, plant hydraulics (vulnerability to cavitation, wood volumetric water content...

AMAP ou Association pour le maintien d’une agriculture paysanne… Cet acronyme s’est progressivement ancré dans le paysage de l’alimentation locale en France. Le mouvement, qui fête ses 20 ans en 2021 avec près de 3000 structures à l’échelle nationale, est particulièrement présent dans l’aire urbaine de Nantes. Soutien solidaire et collectif de «consom’acteurs» à des producteurs paysans via l’achat de paniers de produits de qualité, en quoi les AMAP nantaises sont-elles garantes d’un «manger local»...

Il était une fois en Belgique, dans l’Ouest du Hainaut, un collectif d’agriculteurs qui s’était donné pour mission de questionner leurs pratiques. Convaincus que l’avenir de l’agriculture ne dépend pas des grands groupes mondiaux, mais que l’innovation se trouve dans les fermes, ces agriculteurs ont décidé de mutualiser leurs connaissances et leurs expériences dans un but d’augmenter la résilience de leurs systèmes et de retrouver leur autonomie. Ces changements, ils les effectuent à diverses échelles,...

While mammals are facing tremendous threats and environmental challenges across central Africa, we still lack a thorough understanding of how mammal assemblages are distributed across the region, though this knowledge is essential for planning coordinated conservation strategies and assessing where conservation gaps might persist. To fill this critical knowledge gap, we gathered species lists from wildlife and bushmeat-related surveys focusing on medium-sized to large mammals. The combined dataset includes 6,840 species occurrences across central Africa...

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jdr-10.1177_00220345221123256 for TRAF3IP2–IL-17 Axis Strengthens the Gingival Defense against Pathogens by J. Zhang, L. Sun, M.H.H. Withanage, S.M. Ganesan, M.A. Williamson, J.T. Marchesan, Y. Jiao, F.R. Teles, N. Yu, Y. Liu, D. Wu, K.L. Moss, A.K. Mangalam, E. Zeng, Y.L. Lei and S. Zhang in Journal of Dental Research

The narrow-headed vole, collared lemming and common vole were the most abundant small mammal species across the Eurasian Late Pleistocene steppe-tundra environment. Previous ancient DNA studies of the collared lemming and common vole have revealed dynamic population histories shaped by climatic fluctuations. To investigate the extent to which species with similar adaptations share common evolutionary histories, we generated a dataset comprised the mitochondrial genomes of 139 ancient and 6 modern narrow-headed voles from several sites...

Additional file 15: Fig. S6. Sensitivity analysis: impact of the number of initialization on the canalization results during the Monte Carlo. The percentage of random initialization reaching each attractor is displayed with the Sox9 positive state (healthy) in orange, the Runx2 positive state in blue and the None in grey. Data labels indicate the absolute amount of state reaching the attractors. None of initializations reached an alternative attractor, even for higher amount of random initializations...

Additional file 16: Fig. S7. Pseudo-time evolution of variables during simulations. The sequence of variable updating over each time steps after introducing a perturbation from the healthy state was saved as a timeseries and plotted. It shows the discrete behavior of the simulation and that a steady state is reached way before the duration of the perturbation (1000 time steps) is reached in such a way that maintain the perturbation longer would not change the...

Additional file 1: Table S1. Definitions. Definitions of technical terms pertaining to biological signaling network modeling with a semi-quantitative additive formalism.

Additional file 6: Data S2. GRN inference and validation. (Microsoft Excel Worksheet). The GRN inference with the 3 algorithms and the consensus matrix are reported. We have set stringent rules and only interactions that were inferred by the 3 algorithms were included in the mechanistic model: those interactions are all reported in Fig. 2D. The validity of the inferred interactions was investigated by searching the GeneCard database. The relevant GeneHancer IDs are reported when supportive...

Additional file 7: Table S3. Validation of transcriptional data-inferred regulatory interactions. Transcriptional interactions were inferred from the merged OA dataset. Inference was run with three algorithms and only interactions that were present in the results of the three algorithms (GENIE3, ARACNE, TIGRESS) were considered as additions to the model. An interaction was considered present for one algorithm if it scored higher than a threshold defined as the difference between the mean and standard deviation of...

Additional file 7: Table S3. Validation of transcriptional data-inferred regulatory interactions. Transcriptional interactions were inferred from the merged OA dataset. Inference was run with three algorithms and only interactions that were present in the results of the three algorithms (GENIE3, ARACNE, TIGRESS) were considered as additions to the model. An interaction was considered present for one algorithm if it scored higher than a threshold defined as the difference between the mean and standard deviation of...

Abstract Background Without the availability of disease-modifying drugs, there is an unmet therapeutic need for osteoarthritic patients. During osteoarthritis, the homeostasis of articular chondrocytes is dysregulated and a phenotypical transition called hypertrophy occurs, leading to cartilage degeneration. Targeting this phenotypic transition has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy. Chondrocyte phenotype maintenance and switch are controlled by an intricate network of intracellular factors, each influenced by a myriad of feedback mechanisms, making it challenging to intuitively...