Abstract Telomere length (TL) is associated with biological aging, consequently influencing the risk of age-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aimed to evaluate the potential causal role of TL in AD endophenotypes (i.e., cognitive performance, N = 2233; brain age and AD-related signatures, N = 1134; and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (CSF) of AD and neurodegeneration, N = 304) through a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Our analysis was conducted in the context of the...

Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of the study participants with information for cognition outcomes. Mean and SD are shown for continuous variables. Supplementary Table 2. Characteristics of the study participants with information for neuroimaging outcomes. Mean and SD are shown for continuous variables. Supplementary Table 3. Characteristics of the study participants with information for CSF biomarkers. Mean and SD are shown for continuous variables.

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with longer telomere length. The effect allele refers to the allele that is associated with longer telomere length. Chromosomal position of the SNPs (genome assembly GRCh37 (hg19)) according to the public archive for genetic variation within and across different species developed and hosted by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) in collaboration with the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) (dbSNP).

Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. Linear regression estimates for cognition outcomes in the entire sample. All models are adjusted for covariates: age, sex, education, and APOE status. Supplementary Table 2. Linear regression estimates for neuroimaging outcomes (i.e., Alzheimer’s disease and aging signatures) outcome in the entire sample. All models are adjusted for covariates: age, sex, education, and APOE status. Supplementary Table 3. Linear regression estimates for CSF biomarkers outcomes in the entire sample. All...

Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. Linear regression estimates for cognition outcomes in the entire sample. All models are adjusted for covariates: age, sex, education, and APOE status. Supplementary Table 2. Linear regression estimates for neuroimaging outcomes (i.e., Alzheimer’s disease and aging signatures) outcome in the entire sample. All models are adjusted for covariates: age, sex, education, and APOE status. Supplementary Table 3. Linear regression estimates for CSF biomarkers outcomes in the entire sample. All...

Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 1. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on AD endophenotypes in the entire sample. Supplementary Table 2. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on AD endophenotypes among APOE-ɛ4 carriers. Supplementary Table 3. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on AD endophenotypes among APOE-ɛ4 non-carriers. Supplementary Table 4. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on...

Abstract Background and purpose The neurological course after stroke is highly variable and is determined by demographic, clinical and genetic factors. However, other heritable factors such as epigenetic DNA methylation could play a role in neurological changes after stroke. Methods We performed a three-stage epigenome-wide association study to evaluate DNA methylation associated with the difference between the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at baseline and at discharge (ΔNIHSS) in ischaemic stroke patients. DNA...

Additional file 1. Supplemental Methods.

Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of the study participants with information for cognition outcomes. Mean and SD are shown for continuous variables. Supplementary Table 2. Characteristics of the study participants with information for neuroimaging outcomes. Mean and SD are shown for continuous variables. Supplementary Table 3. Characteristics of the study participants with information for CSF biomarkers. Mean and SD are shown for continuous variables.

Additional file 5: Supplementary Figure 1. Leave-one-out permutation analysis plot for AD signature among individuals at high genetic predisposition to AD obtained by leaving out the SNP indicated and repeating the Inverse-Variance Weighted method with the rest of the instrumental variables. Supplementary Figure 2. Leave-one-out permutation analysis plot for Aging signature among individuals at high genetic predisposition to AD, obtained by leaving out the SNP indicated and repeating the Inverse-Variance Weighted method with the rest...

Additional file 1. Supplemental Methods.

Abstract Background and purpose The neurological course after stroke is highly variable and is determined by demographic, clinical and genetic factors. However, other heritable factors such as epigenetic DNA methylation could play a role in neurological changes after stroke. Methods We performed a three-stage epigenome-wide association study to evaluate DNA methylation associated with the difference between the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at baseline and at discharge (ΔNIHSS) in ischaemic stroke patients. DNA...

Abstract Telomere length (TL) is associated with biological aging, consequently influencing the risk of age-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aimed to evaluate the potential causal role of TL in AD endophenotypes (i.e., cognitive performance, N = 2233; brain age and AD-related signatures, N = 1134; and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (CSF) of AD and neurodegeneration, N = 304) through a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Our analysis was conducted in the context of the...

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with longer telomere length. The effect allele refers to the allele that is associated with longer telomere length. Chromosomal position of the SNPs (genome assembly GRCh37 (hg19)) according to the public archive for genetic variation within and across different species developed and hosted by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) in collaboration with the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) (dbSNP).

Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 1. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on AD endophenotypes in the entire sample. Supplementary Table 2. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on AD endophenotypes among APOE-ɛ4 carriers. Supplementary Table 3. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on AD endophenotypes among APOE-ɛ4 non-carriers. Supplementary Table 4. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on...

Additional file 5: Supplementary Figure 1. Leave-one-out permutation analysis plot for AD signature among individuals at high genetic predisposition to AD obtained by leaving out the SNP indicated and repeating the Inverse-Variance Weighted method with the rest of the instrumental variables. Supplementary Figure 2. Leave-one-out permutation analysis plot for Aging signature among individuals at high genetic predisposition to AD, obtained by leaving out the SNP indicated and repeating the Inverse-Variance Weighted method with the rest...