Abstract Background Levels of maternal and neonatal mortality remain high in sub-Saharan Africa, with an estimated 66% of global maternal deaths occurring in this region. Many deaths are linked to poor quality of care, which in turn has been linked to gaps in pre-service training programmes for midwifery care providers. In-service training packages have been developed and implemented across sub-Saharan Africa in an attempt to overcome the shortfalls in pre-service training. This scoping review has...

Supplementary Material 2

Abstract Background Oxidative stress associated with severe cardiopulmonary diseases leads to impairment in the nitric oxide/soluble guanylate cyclase signaling pathway, shifting native soluble guanylate cyclase toward heme-free apo-soluble guanylate cyclase. Here we describe a new inhaled soluble guanylate cyclase activator to target apo-soluble guanylate cyclase and outline its therapeutic potential. Methods We aimed to generate a novel soluble guanylate cyclase activator, specifically designed for local inhaled application in the lung. We report the discovery and...

Abstract Objectives The association between habitual glucosamine use and incident gout has not been examined in previous studies. We aimed to evaluate the association of habitual use of glucosamine with the risk of gout in general population. Methods A total of 436,594 participants (55.4% female) without prior gout at baseline who completed a questionnaire on supplementation use, which included glucosamine, in the UK Biobank were enrolled. Incident gout was recorded from self-report, death register, primary...

Patients with R/M HNSCC treated with palliative first-line therapy at Hannover Medical School between October 2005 and December 2016 have been included to show changes in survival following broad utilization of cetuximab. Treatment periods were defined from 10/2005 to 12/2008 (Period A) and 01/2009 to 12/2016. Overall survival did not improve over time. However, in subgroup analysis cetuximab utilized at any time vs. never showed a significant improve of overall survival (11.3 vs. 6.3 months,...

Additional file 5: Fig. S4. Heatmap of the ASVs that identified to be diarrheic status transition-associated in trial 2. The ASVs were identified based on fold change and analysis using LEfSe or DESeq2.

Abstract Background Diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in young calves, resulting in considerable economic loss for dairy farms. To determine if some gut microbes might have resistance to dysbiotic process with calf diarrhea by dictating the microbial co-occurrence patterns from birth to post-weaning, we examined the dynamic development of the gut microbiota and diarrhea status using two animal trials, with the first trial having 14 Holstein dairy calves whose fecal samples...

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-ome-10.1177_00302228211008748 for ‘She Can’t Support Me Because She’s so Old’: A Mixed-Methods Study of Support Experiences and Needs in Adult Child–Parent Dyads at the End of Life by Franziska A. Herbst Laura Gawinski, Nils Schneider and Stephanie Stiel in OMEGA—Journal of Death and Dying

To investigate the relationship between patient age and the selection and dosage of antipsychotic drugs (APDs) for treatment of schizophrenia. We describe age effects for multiple individual APDs, thus allowing comparisons between drugs. Prescription data of 32,062 inpatients with schizophrenia from 2000 to 2017 were obtained from the Drug Safety Program in Psychiatry (AMSP) database. APD selection and dosage were related to patient age with sex as an influencing variable. Moreover, a systematic search of...

Hypertension is the most important cause of death and disability in the elderly. In 9 out of 10 cases, the molecular cause, however, is unknown. One mechanistic hypothesis involves impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation through reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Indeed, ROS forming NADPH oxidase (Nox) genes associate with hypertension, yet target validation has been negative. We re-investigate this association by molecular network analysis and identify NOX5, not present in rodents, as a sole neighbor to human...

Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can infect a variety of cell types by using virions of varying glycoprotein compositions. It is still unclear how this diversity is generated, but spatio-temporally separated envelopment and egress pathways might play a role. So far, one egress pathway has been described in which HCMV particles are individually enveloped into small vesicles and are subsequently exocytosed continuously. However, some studies have also found enveloped virus particles inside multivesicular structures but could not...

Additional file 11: Material and Methods.

Additional file 11: Material and Methods.

Supplementary Material 1. Representative flow cytometry dot plots are displayed for different DC and T cell populations within each organ analyzed. First, total lymphocytes were gated. Then, DC and T cell frequencies were determined according to their specific marker combinations

The factors that influence survival during severe infection are unclear. Extracellular chromatin drives pathology, but the mechanisms enabling its accumulation remain elusive. Here, we show that in murine sepsis models, splenocyte death interferes with chromatin clearance through the release of the DNase I inhibitor actin. Actin-mediated inhibition was compensated by upregulation of DNase I or the actin scavenger gelsolin. Splenocyte death and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) clearance deficiencies were prevalent in individuals with severe COVID-19...

Histological changes in somalian patients with autoimmune hepatitis.

The nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) are made of subunits evolved from a common ancestor. Despite the similarity in their sequences and structures, the properties of these subunits vary significantly. Thus, identifying the evolution features and function-related sites specific to each subunit is essential for understanding the characteristics of the subunits and the receptors assembled by them. In this study, we examined the sequence features of the nine neuronal nAChRs subunits from representative vertebrate species. Analysis...

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. A) Schematic illustration of spatial offsets from implant planning. Analysis shows deviations in drilling depth, oro-vestibular as well as mesio-distal direction and angulation. B) Section of the Treatment Evaluation Tool in coDiagnostix®. Planning is shown in blue. Red shows the actual implant position. C) Mandible model used for the in vitro testing with pilot drilling guide in situ. D) DENACAM system used for the in vitro testing. E) Major findings...

Background:Chest computed tomography (CT) is increasingly used for phenotyping and monitoring of patients with COPD. The aim of this work was to evaluate the association of Pi10 as a measure of standardized airway wall thickness on CT with exacerbations, mortality, and response to triple therapy.Methods:Patients of GOLD grades 1–4 of the COSYCONET cohort with prospective CT scans were included. Pi10 was automatically computed and analyzed for its relationship to COPD severity, comorbidities, lung function, respiratory...

Infection of healthy individuals with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is usually unnoticed and results in life-long latency, whereas HCMV reactivation as well as infection of newborns or immunocompromised patients can cause life-threatening disease. To better understand HCMV pathogenesis we studied mechanisms that restrict HCMV spread. We discovered that HCMV-infected cells can directly trigger plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) to mount antiviral type I interferon (IFN-I) responses, even in the absence of cell-free virus. In contrast, monocyte-derived cells...

Abstract Background Adipose tissue-derived adipokines are involved in various crosstalk between adipose tissue and other organs. Omentin1, a novel adipokine, exerts vital roles in the maintenance of body metabolism, insulin resistance and the like. However, the protective effect of omentin1 in myocardial ischemia (MI)-induced heart failure (HF) and its specific mechanism remains unclear and to be elucidated. Methods The model of MI-induced HF mice and oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-injured cardiomyocytes were performed. Mice with overexpression...

Additional file1: Figure S1. Representative immunohistochemical images of the expression of omentin1 in adipose tissues of mice injected with AAV-NC or AAV-omentin1, and the statistical results of staining intensity of omentin1 were presented, scale bar = 250 μm (n = 3). The experiments were performed in triplicate. Results were expressed as mean ± SD. ##P < 0.01, ####P < 0.0001 vs. the sham group; ****P < 0.0001 vs. the model group, one-way ANOVA. Figure S2....

Supplementary Material 3

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. A) Schematic illustration of spatial offsets from implant planning. Analysis shows deviations in drilling depth, oro-vestibular as well as mesio-distal direction and angulation. B) Section of the Treatment Evaluation Tool in coDiagnostix®. Planning is shown in blue. Red shows the actual implant position. C) Mandible model used for the in vitro testing with pilot drilling guide in situ. D) DENACAM system used for the in vitro testing. E) Major findings...

Additional file 1. Comparative subgroup analysis. Of 66 patients, we identified 28 children with crescentic glomeruli and/or nephrotic syndrome at onset of IgAVN. Referring to the German Society of Pediatric Nephology, a corticosteroid pulse therapy only would have been recommended. Of these 28 children, 17 received corticosteroid pulse therapy per protocol, 11 did not receive any immunosuppressive therapy. We therefore performed a comparative subgroup analysis which showed similar improvements of clinical symptoms and proteinuria.