Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy is related to a lower risk of preterm birth and to better offspring cardiometabolic health. DNA methylation may be an underlying biological mechanism. We evaluated whether maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with offspring cord blood DNA methylation. We meta-analysed epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and offspring cord blood DNA methylation in 2802 mother–child pairs from five...

Large herbivores can exert top-down control on terrestrial plant communities, but the magnitude, direction, and scale-dependency of their impacts remain equivocal, especially in temperate and boreal forests, where multiple disturbances often interact. Using a unique, long-term and replicated landscape experiment, we assessed the influence of a high density of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on the spatiotemporal dynamics of diversity, composition, and successional trajectories of understorey plant assemblages in recently logged boreal forests. This experiment provided...

Cooperation between general practitioners (GPs) and other healthcare professionals appears to help reduce the risk of polypharmacy-related adverse events in patients with multimorbidity. To investigate GPs profiles according to their opinions and attitudes about interprofessional cooperation and to study the association between these profiles and GPs’ characteristics. Between May and July 2016, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of a panel of French GPs about their management of patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy, focussing on their...

Transcriptional pausing occurs across the bacterial genome but the importance of this mechanism is still poorly understood. Only few pauses were observed during the previous decades, leaving an important gap in understanding transcription mechanisms. Using the well-known Escherichia coli hisL and trpL pause sites as models, we describe here the relation of pause sites with upstream RNA structures suspected to stabilize pausing. We find that the transcription factor NusA influences the pause half-life at leuL,...

Additional file 1: eFigure1. Flow diagram. eFigure 2. Published studies per medical content area. eFigure 3. Risk of bias per question. eFigure 4. Risk of bias inside intervention categories. eFigure 5. Intervention components in single-component interventions. eMethods 1. Search strategies. eMethods 2. Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs of complex interventions. eMethods 3. Refined version of intervention taxonomy for de-implementation interventions. eMethods 4. Rationale for refined intervention taxonomy. eMethods 5. Rationale for outcome hierarchy of...

Abstract Background Family practice registered nurses co-managing patient care as healthcare professionals in interdisciplinary primary care teams have been shown to improve access, continuity of care, patient satisfaction, and clinical outcomes for patients with chronic diseases while being cost-effective. Currently, however, it is unclear how different funding models support or hinder the integration of family practice nurses into existing primary health care systems and interdisciplinary practices. This has resulted in the underutilisation of family practice...

Aim: Altitudinal and latitudinal treeline ecotones have not consistently responded to climate warming the in direction and/or magnitude as predicted by climate alone, suggesting that non-climatic mechanisms (e.g., biotic interactions) are also mediating treeline range dynamics. Through a collaborative research approach, we assessed environmental conditions associated with insect cone granivory and how this biotic interaction may govern the reproductive potential, and therefore range dynamics, of spruce-dominated treelines across northern Canada. Location: Ten boreal forest treelines,...

Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy is related to a lower risk of preterm birth and to better offspring cardiometabolic health. DNA methylation may be an underlying biological mechanism. We evaluated whether maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with offspring cord blood DNA methylation. We meta-analysed epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and offspring cord blood DNA methylation in 2802 mother–child pairs from five...

Aerial insectivores show worldwide population declines coinciding with shifts in agricultural practices. Increasing reliance on certain agricultural practices is thought to have led to an overall reduction in insect abundance that negatively affects aerial insectivore fitness. The relationship between prey availability and the fitness of insectivores may thus vary with the extent of agricultural intensity. It is therefore imperative to quantify the strength and direction of these associations. Here we used data from an 11-year...

Aim: To advance our understanding of how foliar fungal communities are structured and assembled, we assessed to what extent leaf flush and latitude can explain the within- and among-tree variation in the foliar fungal community in a foundation tree species, the pedunculate oak Quercus robur. Location: A latitudinal gradient spanning c. 20 degrees in latitude in Europe. Major taxa studied: The foliar fungal community on Quercus robur. Methods: We examined the main and interactive effects...

Measuring individual fitness empirically is required to assess selective pressures and predict evolutionary changes in nature. There is, however, little consensus on how fitness should be empirically estimated. As fitness proxies vary in their underlying assumptions, their relative sensitivity to individual, environmental, and demographic factors may also vary. Here, using a long-term study, we aimed at identifying the determinants of individual fitness in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) using seven fitness proxies. Specifically, we compared four-lifetime...

Large herbivores typically have consistently high prime-aged adult survival and lower, more variable, juvenile and senescent survival. Many kangaroo populations undergo greater fluctuations in density than other large herbivores, but age- and sex-specific survival of kangaroos and their response to environmental variation remain poorly estimated. We used long-term capture-mark-recapture data on 920 individuals to investigate the survival component of eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) population dynamics. Forage availability and population density were monitored quarterly and...

Additional file 1. Case Study Interview Guides.

Abstract Background Family practice registered nurses co-managing patient care as healthcare professionals in interdisciplinary primary care teams have been shown to improve access, continuity of care, patient satisfaction, and clinical outcomes for patients with chronic diseases while being cost-effective. Currently, however, it is unclear how different funding models support or hinder the integration of family practice nurses into existing primary health care systems and interdisciplinary practices. This has resulted in the underutilisation of family practice...

Documenting trophic niche partitioning and resource use within a community is critical to evaluate underlying mechanisms of coexistence, competition or predation. Detailed knowledge about foraging is essential as it may influence the vital rates, which, in turn, can affect trophic relationships between species and population dynamics. The aims of this study were to evaluate resource and trophic niche partitioning in summer/autumn between the endangered Atlantic-Gaspésie caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) population, moose (Alces americanus) and their...

The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the available literature and identify gaps regarding the acceptability of telerehabilitation interventions provided by pediatric physical therapists and occupational therapists. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-ScR) framework to guide this scoping review. We systematically searched eight scholarly databases (CINAHL, Medline, SPORTDiscus, AMED, APA PsychInfo, SCOPUS, PEDro, OTseeker), five gray literature databases (MedlinePlus, Gray Literature Report, OpenGrey, National Institute for Health,...

The historical rise of intensive agricultural practices is hypothesized to be related to declines of grassland and aerial insectivorous birds. Drivers of declines may also influence the overall abundance and spatial distribution of insects within agricultural landscapes. Subsequently, the food provisioning rate of birds breeding within more agro-intensive landscapes may be impacted. Lower provisioning rates in agro-intensive landscapes may lead to reduced growth rate, body condition or fledging success of nestlings but also to diminished...

Additional file 2. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist.

Neurologically deceased organ donors (NDDs) generally display an immune response involving an intense production of pro-inflammatory cytokines referred to as the cytokine storm. The sudden surge of inflammatory mediators in circulation promotes tissue and organ damages and ultimately leads to poor transplant outcome. As microRNAs (miRNAs) are frequently proposed as key regulators of inflammation and are relatively stable in circulation, changes in their profiles could play a role in the onset of the cytokine storm...

Neurologically deceased organ donors (NDDs) generally display an immune response involving an intense production of pro-inflammatory cytokines referred to as the cytokine storm. The sudden surge of inflammatory mediators in circulation promotes tissue and organ damages and ultimately leads to poor transplant outcome. As microRNAs (miRNAs) are frequently proposed as key regulators of inflammation and are relatively stable in circulation, changes in their profiles could play a role in the onset of the cytokine storm...

talk from day 3: Essential Biodiversity Variables

Additional file 1. Case Study Interview Guides.

Additional file 2. Search strategy and results” contains the complete search strategy used for each database, as well as the number of results found in each query.

Abstract Context Patient engagement in research consists in involving patients as partners across the research cycle. This practice has quickly become an international standard, with funding bodies actively encouraging it. As the increased incentive to engage patients can lead to tokenistic partnerships, it is important to consider the experiences of patient-partners. Objective To synthesize the qualitative literature on the experience of patients as partners in research. Design A systematic review of the literature with thematic...

Abstract Context Patient engagement in research consists in involving patients as partners across the research cycle. This practice has quickly become an international standard, with funding bodies actively encouraging it. As the increased incentive to engage patients can lead to tokenistic partnerships, it is important to consider the experiences of patient-partners. Objective To synthesize the qualitative literature on the experience of patients as partners in research. Design A systematic review of the literature with thematic...