Background:In asylum seekers and refugees, the frequency of mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, is higher than the general population, but there is a lack of data on risk factors for the development of mental disorders in this population.Aim:This study investigated the risk factors for mental disorder development in a large group of asylum seekers and refugees resettled in high- and middle-income settings.Methods:Participant-level data from two randomized prevention studies involving asylum...

Abstract Background Managers are considered to be main stakeholders in the return to work (RTW) of cancer survivors. However, the perspectives of cancer survivors and managers differ on what managerial actions should be taken during the RTW of cancer survivors. This difference might put effective collaboration and successful RTW at risk. Therefore, this study aims to reach consensus among managers and cancer survivors on the managerial actions to be taken during the four different RTW...

Background: Longitudinal studies examining mental health trajectories in refugees and asylum seekers are scarce. Objectives: To investigate trajectories of psychological symptoms and wellbeing in refugees and asylum seekers, and identify factors associated with these trajectories. Method: 912 asylum seekers and refugees from the control arm of three trials in Europe (n = 229), Turkey (n = 320), and Uganda (n = 363) were included. We described trajectories of psychological symptoms and wellbeing, and used trauma...

The objective of this study is (1) to assess whether the presentation level of the antiphasic digits-in-noise (DIN) test affects the speech recognition threshold (SRT), (2) to evaluate how accurately simulated unilateral and bilateral conductive hearing loss is detected (CHL) and (3) to determine whether increasing the presentation level normalises the antiphasic DIN SRT. Participants performed antiphasic and diotic DINs at different presentation levels with unilateral, bilateral or no earplugs. Twenty-four and twelve normal hearing...

Recent years have shown an increased application of prospective trajectory-oriented approaches to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although women are generally considered at increased PTSD risk, sex and gender differences in PTSD symptom trajectories have not yet been extensively studied. To perform an in-depth investigation of differences in PTSD symptom trajectories across one-year post-trauma between men and women, by interpreting the general trends of trajectories observed in sex-disaggregated samples, and comparing within-trajectory symptom course and prevalence...

Syrian refugees in Switzerland face several barriers in accessing mental health care. Cost-effective psychological interventions are urgently needed to meet the mental health needs of refugees. Problem Management Plus (PM+) is an evidence-based, psychological intervention delivered by trained non-specialist ‘helpers’. To assess the feasibility and acceptability of PM+ among Syrian refugees in Switzerland. We conducted a single-blind pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) with Syrian refugees impaired by psychological distress (K10 > 15 and WHODAS 2.0...

Additional file 1.

Abstract Background End-of-life decisions with potential life-shortening effect in neonates and infants are common. We aimed to evaluate how often and in what manner neonatologists consult with parents and other healthcare providers in these cases, and whether consultation is dependent on the type of end-of-life decision made. Methods Based on all deaths under the age of one that occurred between September 2016 and December 2017 in Flanders, Belgium, a nationwide mortality follow-back survey was performed....

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jcb-10.1177_0271678X221135270 for Precision estimates of relative and absolute cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer’s disease and cognitively normal individuals by Fiona Heeman, Denise Visser, Maqsood Yaqub, Sander Verfaillie, Tessa Timmers, Yolande AL Pijnenburg, Wiesje M van der Flier, Bart NM van Berckel, Ronald Boellaard, Adriaan A Lammertsma, Sandeep SV Golla in Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism

Background/Objectives:Compassionate Cities are social ecology approaches that apply a set of actions, targeting a broad range of stakeholders, with the intention of renormalising caring, dying, loss and grieving in everyday life. While several initiatives have been described in the literature, a rigorous evaluation of their processes and outcomes is lacking. This article describes the protocol for a mixed-methods study to evaluate the development process and the outcomes of two Compassionate Cities in Flanders, Belgium.Methods and...

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jcb-10.1177_0271678X221141139 for Gray matter hypoperfusion is a late pathological event in the course of Alzheimer’s disease by Khazar Ahmadi, Joana B Pereira, David Berron, Jacob Vogel, Silvia Ingala, Olof T Strandberg, Shorena Janelidze, Frederik Barkhof, Josef Pfeuffer, Linda Knutsson, Danielle van Westen, Sebastian Palmqvist, Henk JMM Mutsaerts and Oskar Hansson in Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism

Several studies have shown decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the role of hypoperfusion in the disease pathogenesis remains unclear. Combining arterial spin labeling MRI, PET, and CSF biomarkers, we investigated the associations between gray matter (GM)-CBF and the key mechanisms in AD including amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathology, synaptic and axonal degeneration. Further, we applied a disease progression modeling to characterize the temporal sequence of different AD biomarkers. Lower perfusion...

Additional file 1: search strategy.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-pmj-10.1177_02692163221142950 for Healthcare use and healthcare costs for patients with advanced cancer; the international ACTION cluster-randomised trial on advance care planning by Ida J Korfage, Suzanne Polinder, Nancy Preston, Johannes JM van Delden, A)JLM Geraerds, Lesley Dunleavy, Kristof Faes, Guido Miccinesi, Giulia Carreras, Caroline Moeller Arnfeldt, Marijke C Kars, Giuseppe Lippi, Urska Lunder, Ceu Mateus, Kristian Pollock, Luc Deliens, Mogens Groenvold, Agnes van der Heide and Judith AC Rietjens in Palliative Medicine

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-pmj-10.1177_02692163221142950 for Healthcare use and healthcare costs for patients with advanced cancer; the international ACTION cluster-randomised trial on advance care planning by Ida J Korfage, Suzanne Polinder, Nancy Preston, Johannes JM van Delden, A)JLM Geraerds, Lesley Dunleavy, Kristof Faes, Guido Miccinesi, Giulia Carreras, Caroline Moeller Arnfeldt, Marijke C Kars, Giuseppe Lippi, Urska Lunder, Ceu Mateus, Kristian Pollock, Luc Deliens, Mogens Groenvold, Agnes van der Heide and Judith AC Rietjens in Palliative Medicine

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-pmj-10.1177_02692163221142950 for Healthcare use and healthcare costs for patients with advanced cancer; the international ACTION cluster-randomised trial on advance care planning by Ida J Korfage, Suzanne Polinder, Nancy Preston, Johannes JM van Delden, A)JLM Geraerds, Lesley Dunleavy, Kristof Faes, Guido Miccinesi, Giulia Carreras, Caroline Moeller Arnfeldt, Marijke C Kars, Giuseppe Lippi, Urska Lunder, Ceu Mateus, Kristian Pollock, Luc Deliens, Mogens Groenvold, Agnes van der Heide and Judith AC Rietjens in Palliative Medicine

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-4-pmj-10.1177_02692163221142950 for Healthcare use and healthcare costs for patients with advanced cancer; the international ACTION cluster-randomised trial on advance care planning by Ida J Korfage, Suzanne Polinder, Nancy Preston, Johannes JM van Delden, A)JLM Geraerds, Lesley Dunleavy, Kristof Faes, Guido Miccinesi, Giulia Carreras, Caroline Moeller Arnfeldt, Marijke C Kars, Giuseppe Lippi, Urska Lunder, Ceu Mateus, Kristian Pollock, Luc Deliens, Mogens Groenvold, Agnes van der Heide and Judith AC Rietjens in Palliative Medicine

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-6-pmj-10.1177_02692163221142950 for Healthcare use and healthcare costs for patients with advanced cancer; the international ACTION cluster-randomised trial on advance care planning by Ida J Korfage, Suzanne Polinder, Nancy Preston, Johannes JM van Delden, A)JLM Geraerds, Lesley Dunleavy, Kristof Faes, Guido Miccinesi, Giulia Carreras, Caroline Moeller Arnfeldt, Marijke C Kars, Giuseppe Lippi, Urska Lunder, Ceu Mateus, Kristian Pollock, Luc Deliens, Mogens Groenvold, Agnes van der Heide and Judith AC Rietjens in Palliative Medicine

INTRODUCTION: As mortality rates from COVID-19 disease fall, the high prevalence of long-term sequelae (Long COVID) is becoming increasingly widespread, challenging healthcare systems globally. Traditional pathways of care for Long Term Conditions (LTCs) have tended to be managed by disease-specific specialties, an approach that has been ineffective in delivering care for patients with multi-morbidity. The multi-system nature of Long COVID and its impact on physical and psychological health demands a more effective model of holistic,...

Assessment of the anatomical colorectal segment of polyps during colonoscopy is important for treatment and follow-up strategies, but is largely operator dependent. This feasibility study aimed to assess whether, using images of a magnetic endoscope imaging (MEI) positioning device, a deep learning approach can be useful to objectively divide the colorectum into anatomical segments. Models based on the VGG-16 based convolutional neural network architecture were developed to classify the colorectum into anatomical segments. These models...

Although causal mediation analysis clarifies causal effect estimation, little attention has been devoted to the differences between causal estimation approaches. This paper illustrates the difference between the causal estimation approaches for mediation models with a binary mediator. Using a Monte Carlo simulation study and an empirical data example we show that the regression- and simulation-based approaches provide indirect and total effect estimates that are dependent on the chosen causal contrast, while the imputation- and weighting-based...

Cervical screening could be an appropriate routine moment to provide female smokers with tailored stop smoking advice. In Dutch general practice, cervical smears are performed by practice assistants. This study was performed in preparation for a randomised trial to identify potential barriers and enablers for a brief stop smoking strategy performed by trained practice assistants after routine cervical screening. Between December 2016 and March 2017 three focus group meetings were held with ten practice assistants,...

Several studies have shown decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the role of hypoperfusion in the disease pathogenesis remains unclear. Combining arterial spin labeling MRI, PET, and CSF biomarkers, we investigated the associations between gray matter (GM)-CBF and the key mechanisms in AD including amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathology, synaptic and axonal degeneration. Further, we applied a disease progression modeling to characterize the temporal sequence of different AD biomarkers. Lower perfusion...

Objective: This study assessed the impact of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) preventative measures on hearing and communication among individuals with normal and impaired hearing. We also evaluated the use of digital communication tools between these groups. Design: For this cross-sectional study, participants completed an online digits-in-noise test and survey. Survey topics included understanding through masks, behind plastic screens, from a 1.5-m distance, and use of social network sites/apps, direct messaging, and video calling. Logistic regressions assessed...

Insufficient physical activity (PA) is one of major risk factors for serious diseases and premature mortality worldwide. Public policies to enhance PA across society are recognized as an effective tool against the problem. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of national-level PA policy approach in Poland. A standardized survey of Word Health Organization named the Health-Enhancing Physical Activity Policy Audit Tool (HEPA PAT) was used for data collection. Content analysis and strengths,...