Additional file 1: Database S1. The B. glabrata protein database used in the proteomic data analysis.

Island populations can represent genetically distinct and evolutionarily important lineages relative to mainland conspecifics. However, phenotypic divergence of island populations does not necessarily reflect genetic divergence, particularly for lineages inhabiting islands periodically connected during Pleistocene low sea stands. Marine barriers may also not be solely responsible for any divergence that is observed. Here, we investigated genetic divergence among and within the three phenotypically-distinct subspecies of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) in southeast Australia that are presently—but...

Late Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian (Cadomian) magmatic rocks are abundant in Iran, but their occurrence in east-central Iran is voluminous. This paper reports, for the first time, on the Cadomian rocks of the eastern Iranian region known as Tapeh Tagh and deals with their geochemistry and uranium-lead (U-Pb) zircon ages. The Tapeh Tagh region contains masses of Cadomian meta-igneous rocks (including various types of granitic gneiss) and overlying meta-sedimentary rocks. The granitic gneisses show tectonic...

Additional file 9: Table S6. The results of PPIs shown in Fig. 5 and the co-expression data export from STRING to support the PPI of S. mansoni proteins.

Additional file 6: Figure S1. The representative MS/MS spectrum of LTGMAFR, supporting both B. glabrata and S. mansoni glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH).

Additional file 5: Table S4. A list of the total proteins, unique proteins and corresponding peptides identified in susceptible B. glabrata with reference to the B. glabrata proteome.

Additional file 7: Figure S2. The representative MS/MS of supporting peptides of S. mansoni protein identification.

Abstract Background Schistosomiasis is a harmful neglected tropical disease caused by infection with Schistosoma spp., such as Schistosoma mansoni. Schistosoma must transition within a molluscan host to survive. Chemical analyses of schistosome-molluscan interactions indicate that host identification involves chemosensation, including naïve host preference. Proteomic technique advances enable sophisticated comparative analyses between infected and naïve snail host proteins. This study aimed to compare resistant, susceptible and naïve Biomphalaria glabrata snail-conditioned water (SCW) to identify potential attractants...

Urban environments present some of the greatest challenges to species survival. This is particularly true for species that exhibit thermally sensitive traits, such as temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). This is because urban environments not only present species with entirely novel ecosystems, but species will also experience increased temperatures. These temperature increases may result not only in offspring mortality, but also skewed population sex ratios. To persist in cities, urban dwellers with TSD will therefore need...

To investigate the differential expression of microRNA-150-5p (miR-150-5p) and early growth response 1 (EGR1) in myocardial fibrosis (MF) cells, and determine the effect between miR-150-5p and EGR1 on MF. Human MF cells were generated via Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infection, a mouse model of MF was generated via angiotensin II. The expression levels of miR-150-5p and EGR1 were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot assay. The correlation between miR-150-5p and...

To investigate the differential expression of microRNA-150-5p (miR-150-5p) and early growth response 1 (EGR1) in myocardial fibrosis (MF) cells, and determine the effect between miR-150-5p and EGR1 on MF. Human MF cells were generated via Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infection, a mouse model of MF was generated via angiotensin II. The expression levels of miR-150-5p and EGR1 were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot assay. The correlation between miR-150-5p and...

Additional file 2: Table S1. Statistical analysis of behavioural bioassays. Two-way ANONA method was used to evaluate the significance of the behavioural modifications.

Additional file 2: Table S1. Statistical analysis of behavioural bioassays. Two-way ANONA method was used to evaluate the significance of the behavioural modifications.

Additional file 4: Table S3. A list of the total proteins, unique proteins and corresponding peptides identified resistant B. glabrata with reference to the B. glabrata proteome.

Additional file 8: Table S5. A list of the total proteins, unique proteins and corresponding peptides identified in susceptible B. glabrata SCW with reference to the S. mansoni proteome, and enriched GO terms related to the proteins.

Urbanisation is one of the most significant threats to biodiversity, due to the rapid and large-scale environmental alterations it imposes on the natural landscape. It is, therefore, imperative that we understand the consequences of, and mechanisms by which, species can respond to it. In recent years, research has shown that plasticity of the gut microbiome may be an important mechanism by which animals can adapt to environmental change, yet empirical evidence of this in wild...

Genetic diversity is essential for populations to adapt to changing environments. Measures of genetic diversity are often based on selectively neutral markers, such as microsatellites. Genetic diversity to guide conservation management, however, is better reflected by adaptive markers, including genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Our aim was to assess MHC and neutral genetic diversity in two contrasting bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) populations in Western Australia—one apparently viable population with high reproductive output (Shark...

Conservation and restoration interventions can be mutually reinforcing and are converging through an increased focus on social dimensions. This paper examines how to more effectively integrate the complementary goals of conservation and restoration of tropical forests. Forest conservation and restoration interventions are integral components of a broad approach to forest ecosystem and landscape management that aims to maintain and restore key ecological processes and enhance human well-being, while minimizing biodiversity loss. The forest transition model...

Additional file 7: Figure S2. The representative MS/MS of supporting peptides of S. mansoni protein identification.

Additional file 10: Figure S3. The co-expression levels of S. mansoni proteins identified.

Additional file 3: Table S2. A list of the total proteins, unique proteins and corresponding peptides identified in naïve B. glabrata with reference to the B. glabrata proteome.

Additional file 3: Table S2. A list of the total proteins, unique proteins and corresponding peptides identified in naïve B. glabrata with reference to the B. glabrata proteome.

Kinship plays a fundamental role in the evolution of social systems and is considered a key driver of group living. To understand the role of kinship in the formation and maintenance of social bonds, accurate measures of genetic relatedness are critical. Genotype-by-sequencing technologies are rapidly advancing the accuracy and precision of genetic relatedness estimates for wild populations. The ability to assign kinship from genetic data varies depending on a species’ or population’s mating system and...

1. Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is pervasive across taxa and reflects differences in the effects of sexual and natural selection on body size between the sexes. However, disentangling the complex eco-evolutionary interactions between these two mechanisms remains a major challenge for biologists. 2. Here, we combine macro-evolutionary (between-species), local evolutionary (between-population) and fine-scale evolutionary (within-population) patterns of SSD to explore how sexual and natural selection interact and shape the evolution of SSD in Australian agamid...

Additional file 1: Database S1. The B. glabrata protein database used in the proteomic data analysis.