HIV epidemiology among female sex workers (FSWs) and their clients in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is poorly understood. We addressed this gap through a comprehensive epidemiological assessment. A systematic review of population size estimation and HIV prevalence studies was conducted and reported following PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias (ROB) assessments were conducted for all included studies using various quality domains, as informed by Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. The pooled mean HIV prevalence...

People living with neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and dementia may experience physical impairment, social disengagement, cognitive issues, and emotional disturbances. While qualitative research utilising in-depth interviews can access lived experience perspectives, the use of photovoice has the potential to obtain rich insights that include images and raise community awareness. The purpose of this scoping review was to document salient themes relating to the lived experience of neurological conditions as reported in...

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jcb-10.1177_0271678X221135658 for Retinal capillary microvessel morphology changes are associated with vascular damage and dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease by Stewart J Wiseman, Jun-Fang Zhang, Calum Gray, Charlene Hamid, Maria del C Valdés Hernández, Lucia Ballerini, Michael J Thrippleton, Cameron Manning, Michael Stringer, Emilie Sleight, Susana Muñoz Maniega, Alasdair Morgan, Yajun Cheng, Carmen Arteaga, Dany Jaime Garcia, Una Clancy, Fergus N Doubal, Baljean Dhillon, Tom MacGillivray, Yun-Cheng Wu and Joanna M Wardlaw in...

Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a cause of stroke and dementia. Retinal capillary microvessels revealed by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) are developmentally related to brain microvessels. We quantified retinal vessel density (VD) and branching complexity, investigating relationships with SVD lesions, white matter integrity on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) to CO2 in patients with minor stroke. We enrolled 123 patients (mean age 68.1 ± SD 9.9 years), 115 contributed retinal...

Ocular coloboma (OC) is a failure of complete optic fissure closure during embryonic development and presents as a tissue defect along the proximal–distal axis of the ventral eye. It is classed as part of the clinical spectrum of structural eye malformations with microphthalmia and anophthalmia, collectively abbreviated to MAC. Despite deliberate attempts to identify causative variants in MAC, many patients remain without a genetic diagnosis. To reveal potential candidate genes, we utilised transcriptomes experimentally generated...

Ocular coloboma (OC) is a failure of complete optic fissure closure during embryonic development and presents as a tissue defect along the proximal–distal axis of the ventral eye. It is classed as part of the clinical spectrum of structural eye malformations with microphthalmia and anophthalmia, collectively abbreviated to MAC. Despite deliberate attempts to identify causative variants in MAC, many patients remain without a genetic diagnosis. To reveal potential candidate genes, we utilised transcriptomes experimentally generated...

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-aph-10.1177_10105395231158684 for Barriers to and Facilitators of Asthma Care For Malaysian Hajj Pilgrims: A Qualitative Study by Rizawati Ramli, Nik Sherina Hanafi, Norita Hussein, Ping Yein Lee, Sazlina Shariff Ghazali, Ai Theng Cheong, Ahmad Ihsan Abu Bakar, Suhazeli Abdullah, Azah Abdul Samad, Hilary Pinnock, Aziz Sheikh and Ee Ming Khoo in Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health

Supplemental Material for Albumin versus balanced crystalloid for resuscitation in the treatment of sepsis: A protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility study, “ABC-Sepsis” by John Cafferkey, Andrew Ferguson, Julia Grahamslaw, Katherine Oatey, John Norrie, Timothy Walsh, Nazir Lone, Daniel Horner, Andy Appelboam, Peter Hall, Richard Skipworth, Derek Bell, Kevin Rooney, Manu Shankar-Hari, Alasdair Corfield and Alasdair Gray in Journal of the Intensive Care Society

BackgroundPatients presenting with suspected sepsis to secondary care often require fluid resuscitation to correct hypovolaemia and/or septic shock. Existing evidence signals, but does not demonstrate, a benefit for regimes including albumin over balanced crystalloid alone. However, interventions may be started too late, missing a critical resuscitation window.MethodsABC Sepsis is a currently recruiting randomised controlled feasibility trial comparing 5% human albumin solution (HAS) with balanced crystalloid for fluid resuscitation in patients with suspected sepsis. This multicentre...

Supplemental Material for GEospatial aNalysis of ExtRacorporeal membrane oxygenATion in Europe (GENERATE) by Stuart Gillon, Chunyu Zheng, Zhiqiang Feng, Marcelcel Fleig, Tommaso Scquizzato, Jan Belohlavek, Roberto Lorusso, Nazir Lone, and Justyna Swol in Perfusion

Mitophagy, which selectively eliminates the dysfunctional and excess mitochondria by autophagy, is crucial for cellular homeostasis under stresses such as hypoxia. Dysregulation of mitophagy has been increasingly linked to many disorders including neurodegenerative disease and cancer. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a highly aggressive breast cancer subtype, is reported to be characterized by hypoxia. However, the role of mitophagy in hypoxic TNBC as well as the underlying molecular mechanism is largely unexplored. Here, we identified GPCPD1...

Epidemiological data on critically ill patients is crucial for understanding resource utilisation, gaps in quality of care and for supporting surveillance of endemic or emerging diseases. We report the epidemiology of critically ill patients from 17 ICUs in Nepal using an established and standardised intensive care unit (ICU) registry. The ICU registry data is collected prospectively and includes data on case mix, severity, organ support and outcomes. We conducted a retrospective observational study with all...

Adaptive genetic divergence occurs when selection imposed by the environment causes the genomic component of the phenotype to differentiate. However, genomic signatures of natural selection are usually identified without information on which trait is responding to selection by which selective agent(s). Here we integrate whole-genome-sequencing with phenomics and measures of putative selective agents to assess the extent of adaptive divergence in threespine stickleback occupying the highly heterogeneous lake Mývatn, NE Iceland. We find negligible genome-wide...

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tva-10.1177_15248380221145912 for Measuring Violence Against Children: A COSMIN Systematic Review of the Psychometric and Administrative Properties of Adult Retrospective Self-report Instruments on Child Abuse and Neglect by Bridget Steele, Lakshmi Neelakantan, Janina Jochim, Lynn M. Davies, Mark Boyes, Hannabeth Franchino-Olsen, Michael Dunne and Franziska Meinck in Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

Supplemental material, sj-docx-3-tva-10.1177_15248380221145912 for Measuring Violence Against Children: A COSMIN Systematic Review of the Psychometric and Administrative Properties of Adult Retrospective Self-report Instruments on Child Abuse and Neglect by Bridget Steele, Lakshmi Neelakantan, Janina Jochim, Lynn M. Davies, Mark Boyes, Hannabeth Franchino-Olsen, Michael Dunne and Franziska Meinck in Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

Supplemental material, sj-docx-5-tva-10.1177_15248380221145912 for Measuring Violence Against Children: A COSMIN Systematic Review of the Psychometric and Administrative Properties of Adult Retrospective Self-report Instruments on Child Abuse and Neglect by Bridget Steele, Lakshmi Neelakantan, Janina Jochim, Lynn M. Davies, Mark Boyes, Hannabeth Franchino-Olsen, Michael Dunne and Franziska Meinck in Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

Supplemental material, sj-docx-6-tva-10.1177_15248380221145912 for Measuring Violence Against Children: A COSMIN Systematic Review of the Psychometric and Administrative Properties of Adult Retrospective Self-report Instruments on Child Abuse and Neglect by Bridget Steele, Lakshmi Neelakantan, Janina Jochim, Lynn M. Davies, Mark Boyes, Hannabeth Franchino-Olsen, Michael Dunne and Franziska Meinck in Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

Intimate partner violence (IPV) causes substantial physical and psychological trauma. Restrictions introduced in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including lockdowns and movement restrictions, may exacerbate IPV risk and reduce access to IPV support services. This cross-sectional study examines IPV during COVID-19 restrictions in 30 countries from the International Sexual HeAlth and REproductive Health (I-SHARE) study conducted from July 20th, 2020, to February, 15th, 2021. IPV was a primary outcome measure adapted from a World Health...

We present a vegetation and precipitation record from the Ha Makotoko rockshelter in western Lesotho using plant wax biomarkers. Ha Makotoko was found on the south side of the Phuthiatsana River before being drowned by the Metolong Dam reservoir in 2014 and spanned from MIS 3 to 2 (~60-26 ka), and then from the early to late Holocene (~13-1.0 ka). Stable carbon isotope ratios from plant wax biomarkers indicate a constant C3-dominated ecosystem up to...

Supplementary files for article The effect of COVID rehabilitation for ongoing symptoms post hospitalisation with COVID-19 (PHOSP-R): protocol for a randomised parallel group controlled trial on behalf of the PHOSP consortium Introduction: Many adults hospitalised with COVID-19 have persistent symptoms such as fatigue, breathlessness and brain fog that limit day-to-day activities. These symptoms can last over 2 years. Whilst there is limited controlled studies on interventions that can support those with ongoing symptoms, there has...

Supplemental material, sj-docx-6-tva-10.1177_15248380221145912 for Measuring Violence Against Children: A COSMIN Systematic Review of the Psychometric and Administrative Properties of Adult Retrospective Self-report Instruments on Child Abuse and Neglect by Bridget Steele, Lakshmi Neelakantan, Janina Jochim, Lynn M. Davies, Mark Boyes, Hannabeth Franchino-Olsen, Michael Dunne and Franziska Meinck in Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

Supplemental material, sj-docx-4-tva-10.1177_15248380221145912 for Measuring Violence Against Children: A COSMIN Systematic Review of the Psychometric and Administrative Properties of Adult Retrospective Self-report Instruments on Child Abuse and Neglect by Bridget Steele, Lakshmi Neelakantan, Janina Jochim, Lynn M. Davies, Mark Boyes, Hannabeth Franchino-Olsen, Michael Dunne and Franziska Meinck in Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jiv-10.1177_08862605221141865 for Intimate Partner Violence During COVID-19 Restrictions: A Study of 30 Countries From the I-SHARE Consortium by Linda Campbell, Rayner K. J. Tan, Maximiliane Uhlich, Joel M. Francis, Kristen Mark, Naomi Miall, Stefano Eleuteri, Amanda Gabster, Simukai Shamu, Leona Plášilová, Elizabeth Kemigisha, Adesola Olumide, Priya Kosana, Felipe Hurtado-Murillo, Elin C. Larsson, Amanda Cleeve, Soraya Calvo González, Gabriela Perrotta, Victoria Fernández Albamonte, Lucía Blanco, Johanna Schröder, Adedamola Adebayo, Jacqueline Hendriks, Hanna Saltis, Michael...

HIV epidemiology among female sex workers (FSWs) and their clients in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is poorly understood. We addressed this gap through a comprehensive epidemiological assessment. A systematic review of population size estimation and HIV prevalence studies was conducted and reported following PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias (ROB) assessments were conducted for all included studies using various quality domains, as informed by Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. The pooled mean HIV prevalence...