Additional file 1: Details of the simulation study and additional data for respiratory mechanics.

Abstract Background Regular measurement of the availability and use of key medicines for non-communicable diseases allows the tracking of progress to achieve equitable access to medicines. Using a country-level public sector monitoring system for medicine supply, we aim to evaluate the availability and use of losartan 50 mg tablets and metformin 850 mg tablets between 2015 and 2020 investigating the impact of different policy changes and the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Data from the Peruvian National...

Additional file 2. SPIRIT checklist

Abstract Background Surgery and radiotherapy are well-established standards of care for unilateral stage 0 and I early-stage glottic cancer (ESGC). Based on comparative studies and meta-analyses, functional and oncological outcomes after both treatment modalities are similar. Historically, radiotherapy (RT) has been performed by irradiation of the whole larynx. However, only the involved vocal cord is being treated with recently introduced hypofractionated concepts that result in 8 to 10-fold smaller target volumes. Retrospective data argues for...

Abstract Background The study aimed to describe the epidemiology and outcomes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HABSIs) between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 critically ill patients. Methods We used data from the Eurobact II study, a prospective observational multicontinental cohort study on HABSI treated in ICU. For the current analysis, we selected centers that included both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 critically ill patients. We performed descriptive statistics between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 in terms of patients’ characteristics, source of infection...

Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa is predicted to have the steepest increase in the prevalence of diabetes in the next 25 years. The latest Mozambican population-based STEPS survey (STEPS 2005) estimated a 2.9% prevalence of diabetes in the adult population aged 25-64 years. We aimed to assess the change in prevalence, awareness, and management of diabetes in the national STEPS survey from 2014/2015 compared to 2005. Methods We conducted an observational, quantitative, cross-sectional study following the...

Rural households in Tanzania and Mozambique depend mainly on charcoal, firewood and other traditional fuels, such as cow dung or agriculture by-products, to cook. Simultaneously, fuel scarcity is an important phenomenon that leads households to apply coping strategies such as reducing the number of meals or increasing walking distance to collect firewood. Despite the well-known negative health, economic and potential ecologic impacts, the transition away from solid biomass energy sources is not expected in the...

Rural households in Tanzania and Mozambique depend mainly on charcoal, firewood and other traditional fuels, such as cow dung or agriculture by-products, to cook. Simultaneously, fuel scarcity is an important phenomenon that leads households to apply coping strategies such as reducing the number of meals or increasing walking distance to collect firewood. Despite the well-known negative health, economic and potential ecologic impacts, the transition away from solid biomass energy sources is not expected in the...

Additional file 2.

The European Alps are highly rich in species, but their future may be threatened by ongoing changes in human land use and climate. Here, we reconstructed vegetation, temperature, human impact and livestock over the past ~12,000 years from Lake Sulsseewli, based on sedimentary ancient plant and mammal DNA, pollen, spores, chironomids, and microcharcoal. We assembled a highly-complete local DNA reference library (PhyloAlps, 3,923 plant taxa), and used this to obtain an exceptionally rich sedaDNA record...

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Expression of microglial genes in MGLs. Violin and box plots of the normalized expression counts of key microglial genes, including IBA1/AIF1, ITGAM (CD11b), ITGAX (CD11c), P2RY12, TMEM119, and CX3CR1 in male and female induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglial-like cells (MGLs). Figure S2. Sex labelling and identification of a population of post-menopausal female and age-matched male monocytes. A Histogram showing expression counts of the Y-chromosomal gene, RPS4Y1, in a collection of...

Additional file 2: Table S1. Sexually differentially expressed genes in the microglial nuclei. Table S2. Genes comprising each of the IR-AD gene sets. Table S3. Sexually differentially expressed genes between the F- and M-MCs. Table S4. GSVA of IR-AD gene sets between Flo- and Fhi-MDMs results. Table S5. Sexually differentially expressed genes between the Flo- and M-MDMs. Table S6. Sexually differentially expressed reactome pathways between the Flo- and M-MDMs. Table S7. Differentially expressed reactome pathways...

Slides presented by the speakers at the International Conference "Digital Publishing for the Humanities - Nw Technologies and Ideas" - Rome, Bibliotheca Hertziana - Max Planck Institute for Art History 18-19 October 2022

The first vertebrate mineralized skeleton was an external bony armor coated with dental structures. The subsequent emergence of a mineralized endoskeleton and of teeth are considered key innovations in the diversification of vertebrates. Although time clouds our understanding of the initial evolution of these mineralized structures, recent re-emergences may shed light on the underlying processes. Loricarioid catfishes are a lineage that, much like the ancestral vertebrates, bear denticle-clad bony armor from head to tail. Loricarioid...

We integrate bank and bond financing into a two-sector neoclassical growth model and identify an automatic stabilization effect due to endogenous bank leverage adjustment. We show that although bank leverage amplifies shocks, the increase of leverage due to a decline in bank equity partially offsets the post-crisis decline of bank lending and accelerates economic recovery by reducing the persistence of the bank lending channel. In this case, endogenous leverage adjustment is an automatic stabilizer. Regulatory...

Additional file 1: Details of the simulation study and additional data for respiratory mechanics.

Additional file 1: Table 1a. Final time series model for quantity of doses dispensed per month of losartan 50mg over time. Table 1b. Final time series model for quantity of doses dispensed per month of metformin 850mg over time. Table 2a. Final time series model of availability per month of losartan 50mg over time. Table 2b. Final time series model of availability per month of metformin 850mg over time.

Additional file 1: Table 1a. Final time series model for quantity of doses dispensed per month of losartan 50mg over time. Table 1b. Final time series model for quantity of doses dispensed per month of metformin 850mg over time. Table 2a. Final time series model of availability per month of losartan 50mg over time. Table 2b. Final time series model of availability per month of metformin 850mg over time.

Additional file 1. “Your Five Moments for Hand Hygiene” Emoji assessment.

Social role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in less egalitarian countries, reflecting these countries’ more pronounced sex-based power divisions. Conversely, evolutionary and self-construal theorists suggest that gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in more egalitarian countries, reflecting the greater autonomy support and flexible self-construction processes present in these countries. Using data from 62 countries (N = 28,640), we examine binary gender gaps in agentic...

Additional file 1.

Abstract Background The Pica, ARFID, and Rumination Disorder Interview (PARDI) is a structured interview that can be used to determine diagnosis, presenting characteristics, and severity across three disorders, including avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a questionnaire focused specifically on ARFID (PARDI-AR-Q), which has the potential to provide related information with less participant burden. Methods Adolescents and adults (n = 71, ages 14–40 years)...

Formative assessment and survey data

Extensive land conversion to agriculture in drylands and associated resource use have wide-ranging impacts on desert ecosystems globally. Incorporating the impacts of human-social aspects is thus imperative in examining ecological interactions. The provision of agricultural inputs in these resource-scarce regions supports invasive and pest species, negatively impacting both agricultural productivity and native desert ecosystems. Understanding the spatial dynamics of invasive and pest species requires analyzing both bottom-up resource availability factors underlying animal distributions and top-down...