Additional file 1. Supplementary Figure 1: comparison with the deduced amino acid sequence of the OIE-ESP recommended vaccine strain against Florida clade2. Supplementary Figure 2: comparison with the deduced amino acid sequence of the whole inactivated EI vaccine strain available in Egypt (Egypt/6066NAMRU-VSVRI/2008). Supplementary Figure 3: Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the present study with the EI vaccine (KY97) strain available in Egypt as Fluvac innovator® 4 (Zoetis-US).

Abstract Background Nursing staff play a key role in the bedside management of tracheostomized patients in both intensive care units and general floors. Effective provision of postoperative care to these patients by nurses is critical. This study aimed to assess the readiness of nursing staff to manage tracheostomy-related complications in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 395 nurses in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire developed by the authors was distributed to nurses...

Abstract Nano-biotechnology-based clinical applications to cure health-related issues have gained huge attention among the scientific community and hold great promise to limit cancer metastasis. In this study, green-derived silver nanoparticles were synthesized by using leaf extract of Litchi chinensis. Characterization of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was performed by using UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, EDS, and SEM analysis. The clinical application of green-drive nanoparticles was investigated by using MCF-7 cancer cell lines. MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines...

Hydralazine is a vasodilator used to treat hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and heart failure. The current article reviews the clinical pharmacokinetics (PK) of hydralazine, which can be useful for clinicians in optimizing its dose and dosing frequency to avoid adverse effects and unexpected interactions that could risk patients’ lives. This review has summarized the PK parameters for hydralazine after performing an extensive literature search. It includes 20 publications that were selected after applying eligibility criteria out of...

Additional file 1. List of KSA panel members.

Additional file 2. Supplementary Table 1: Accession codes for EIV HA1 sequences included in phylogenetic analysis figures 1. The bold sequences indicate the GISAID obtained sequences representing 2015-2016 EI outbreak in Scotland and England. Supplementary Table 2: Accession codes for sequences used in table 2 and figure 2 alignments. GISAID accession numbers are highlighted in bold.

Abstract Background Nursing staff play a key role in the bedside management of tracheostomized patients in both intensive care units and general floors. Effective provision of postoperative care to these patients by nurses is critical. This study aimed to assess the readiness of nursing staff to manage tracheostomy-related complications in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 395 nurses in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire developed by the authors was distributed to nurses...

Abstract Background Equine influenza is an important cause of respiratory disease in equids. The causative virus; EIV, is highly variable and can evolve by accumulation of mutations, particularly in the haemagglutinin (HA) gene. Currently, H3N8 is the sole subtype circulating worldwide with Florida clade 1 (FC1) is most prevalent in the Americas and FC2 in Asia and Europe. In Egypt, EIV was detected in two occasions: subtype H7N7 in 1989 and subtype H3N8 (FC1) in...

Abstract Background Equine influenza is an important cause of respiratory disease in equids. The causative virus; EIV, is highly variable and can evolve by accumulation of mutations, particularly in the haemagglutinin (HA) gene. Currently, H3N8 is the sole subtype circulating worldwide with Florida clade 1 (FC1) is most prevalent in the Americas and FC2 in Asia and Europe. In Egypt, EIV was detected in two occasions: subtype H7N7 in 1989 and subtype H3N8 (FC1) in...

In recent times, controlling agricultural diseases and pests using chemical pesticides is broadly applied and is considered effective but it is not considered as eco-friendly. For pest control, biological ways have been considered sustainable and safe. As bio-control agents, the Bacillus species exhibit a large spectrum of biological activity. The application of Bacillus subtilis as a potential bio-control agent against the lepidopteran pest, the rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is the focus of our study. The...

Additional file 1. Excel file containing separate sheets for each dataset analyzed in this study. It includes spatial and temporal datasets for Harrat Khaybar such as vent and fissure locations, bandwidth matrices, age data, recurrence rates, and spatio-temporal cumulative probabilities.

Additional file 1. Excel file containing separate sheets for each dataset analyzed in this study. It includes spatial and temporal datasets for Harrat Khaybar such as vent and fissure locations, bandwidth matrices, age data, recurrence rates, and spatio-temporal cumulative probabilities.

Additional file 4. Reduced-to-pole aeromagnetic maps of Harrat Khaybar. It shows the inconsistency between the visible volcanic vent locations and magnetic anomalies. a) Raw aeromagnetic data. b) Aeromagnetic data clipped to the extent of Harrat Khaybar lavas. c) Stratigraphic unit boundaries of Harrat Khaybar plotted over the aeromagnetic data, corresponding to the boundaries in Fig. 2a. d) Surface vent locations plotted over the aeromagnetic data. The scale in a) represents magnetic intensity.

Additional file 4. Reduced-to-pole aeromagnetic maps of Harrat Khaybar. It shows the inconsistency between the visible volcanic vent locations and magnetic anomalies. a) Raw aeromagnetic data. b) Aeromagnetic data clipped to the extent of Harrat Khaybar lavas. c) Stratigraphic unit boundaries of Harrat Khaybar plotted over the aeromagnetic data, corresponding to the boundaries in Fig. 2a. d) Surface vent locations plotted over the aeromagnetic data. The scale in a) represents magnetic intensity.

Abstract The 180,000 km2 of Arabian lava fields (“harrats” in Arabic) form one of the largest distributed basaltic provinces in the world. The most recent eruption in 1256 AD, on the outskirts of Medina, as well as shallow dike emplacement in 2009, ~ 200 km northeast of the city, suggest future volcanic threat to this area. Harrat Khaybar (~ 1.7 Ma to present) is one of the largest and most compositionally diverse Arabian lava fields;...

Additional file 1. Supplementary Material.

Abstract Background Pancreatitis is an inflammatory disorder resulting from the autoactivation of trypsinogen in the pancreas. The genetic basis of the disease is an old phenomenon, and evidence is accumulating for the involvement of synonymous/non-synonymous codon variants in disease initiation and progression. Results The present study envisaged a panel of 26 genes involved in pancreatitis for their codon choices, compositional analysis, relative dinucleotide frequency, nucleotide disproportion, protein physical properties, gene expression, codon bias, and interrelated...

Additional file 1. Fold expression of DR4 and DR5 genes.

Additional file 1. HPLC chromatogram of ethanolic leaf extract of cannabis.

Additional file 1. HPLC chromatogram of ethanolic leaf extract of cannabis.

Hydralazine is a vasodilator used to treat hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and heart failure. The current article reviews the clinical pharmacokinetics (PK) of hydralazine, which can be useful for clinicians in optimizing its dose and dosing frequency to avoid adverse effects and unexpected interactions that could risk patients’ lives. This review has summarized the PK parameters for hydralazine after performing an extensive literature search. It includes 20 publications that were selected after applying eligibility criteria out of...

Additional file 1. Supplementary Figure 1: comparison with the deduced amino acid sequence of the OIE-ESP recommended vaccine strain against Florida clade2. Supplementary Figure 2: comparison with the deduced amino acid sequence of the whole inactivated EI vaccine strain available in Egypt (Egypt/6066NAMRU-VSVRI/2008). Supplementary Figure 3: Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the present study with the EI vaccine (KY97) strain available in Egypt as Fluvac innovator® 4 (Zoetis-US).

Additional file 3. Spatial probability isocontour maps of age group 1, 2, 3 and 5. (a, b, c, and d) Maps depict the distribution of probabilities throughout the harrat based on the locations of visible vents in age group 1, 2, 3 and 5, respectively, without using age-weighting procedure.

Additional file 5. Spatio-temporal probability isocontour maps obtained by multiplying the values of the spatial analysis of last 300 ka eruptions by their long-term average recurrence rate, 1.1 eruptions/10 kyr. (a, b, and c) Maps show the probabilities of occurrence of at least one eruption in Harrat Khaybar for the next 1, 10, and 1000 years, respectively.