Aim: To date results from interventions to prevent or reduce sickness absence have had inconclusive, unsustainable or small effects. One reason may be that the effects of such interventions are affected by contextual factors in the workplace. These contextual factors can be identified through a process evaluation examining the implementation process. The aim of this paper is to present the design of a process evaluation of the implementation of a complex intervention called the Sickness...

Aim: To date results from interventions to prevent or reduce sickness absence have had inconclusive, unsustainable or small effects. One reason may be that the effects of such interventions are affected by contextual factors in the workplace. These contextual factors can be identified through a process evaluation examining the implementation process. The aim of this paper is to present the design of a process evaluation of the implementation of a complex intervention called the Sickness...

Additional file 1. General interview guide and Normalization Process Theory domains.

Abstract Background Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common reasons for disability globally. Digital interventions are a promising means of supporting people to self-manage LBP, but implementation of digital interventions has been suboptimal. An artificial intelligence-driven app, selfBACK, was developed to support self-management of LBP as an adjunct to usual care. To better understand the process of implementation from a participant perspective, we qualitatively explored factors influencing embedding, integrating, and sustaining engagement...

Aim: To advance our understanding of how foliar fungal communities are structured and assembled, we assessed to what extent leaf flush and latitude can explain the within- and among-tree variation in the foliar fungal community in a foundation tree species, the pedunculate oak Quercus robur. Location: A latitudinal gradient spanning c. 20 degrees in latitude in Europe. Major taxa studied: The foliar fungal community on Quercus robur. Methods: We examined the main and interactive effects...

Additional file 2. Full taxonomy with exemplar quotes. Participant numbers refer to Table 2.

Additional file 2. Full taxonomy with exemplar quotes. Participant numbers refer to Table 2.

Aim: To date results from interventions to prevent or reduce sickness absence have had inconclusive, unsustainable or small effects. One reason may be that the effects of such interventions are affected by contextual factors in the workplace. These contextual factors can be identified through a process evaluation examining the implementation process. The aim of this paper is to present the design of a process evaluation of the implementation of a complex intervention called the Sickness...

Carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) have a large surface area/volume ratio and are known to generate oxidative stress and inflammation that may result in genotoxicity and cancer. Here, we evaluated the primary and inflammatory response-driven (i.e. secondary) genotoxicity of two CBNPs, Flammruss101 (FL101) and PrintexXE2B (XE2B) that differ in size and specific surface area (SSA), and cause different amounts of reactive oxygen species. Three doses (low, medium and high) of FL101 and XE2B were assessed in...

The inclusion of nanoparticles can increase the quality of certain products. One application is the inclusion of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles in a glass coating matrix to produce a UV-absorbing coating for glass sheets. Yet, the question is whether the inclusion of ZnO in the matrix induces toxicity at low exposure levels. To test this, mice were given single intratracheal instillation of 1) ZnO powder (ZnO), 2) ZnO in a glass matrix coating in its...

The inclusion of nanoparticles can increase the quality of certain products. One application is the inclusion of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles in a glass coating matrix to produce a UV-absorbing coating for glass sheets. Yet, the question is whether the inclusion of ZnO in the matrix induces toxicity at low exposure levels. To test this, mice were given single intratracheal instillation of 1) ZnO powder (ZnO), 2) ZnO in a glass matrix coating in its...

Carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) have a large surface area/volume ratio and are known to generate oxidative stress and inflammation that may result in genotoxicity and cancer. Here, we evaluated the primary and inflammatory response-driven (i.e. secondary) genotoxicity of two CBNPs, Flammruss101 (FL101) and PrintexXE2B (XE2B) that differ in size and specific surface area (SSA), and cause different amounts of reactive oxygen species. Three doses (low, medium and high) of FL101 and XE2B were assessed in...

Additional file 1. General interview guide and Normalization Process Theory domains.

Abstract Background Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common reasons for disability globally. Digital interventions are a promising means of supporting people to self-manage LBP, but implementation of digital interventions has been suboptimal. An artificial intelligence-driven app, selfBACK, was developed to support self-management of LBP as an adjunct to usual care. To better understand the process of implementation from a participant perspective, we qualitatively explored factors influencing embedding, integrating, and sustaining engagement...