Abstract Background Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) are becoming an increasingly important design. However, authors of CRTs do not always adhere to requirements to explicitly identify the design as cluster randomized in titles and abstracts, making retrieval from bibliographic databases difficult. Machine learning algorithms may improve their identification and retrieval. Therefore, we aimed to develop machine learning algorithms that accurately determine whether a bibliographic citation is a CRT report. Methods We trained, internally validated, and externally...

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-cjk-10.1177_20543581221129442 for The Living Kidney Donor Safety Study: Protocol of a Prospective Cohort Study by Amit X. Garg, Jennifer B. Arnold, Meaghan Cuerden, Christine Dipchand, Liane S. Feldman, John S. Gill, Martin Karpinski, Scott Klarenbach, Greg A. Knoll, Charmaine Lok, Matthew Miller, Mauricio Monroy-Cuadros, Christopher Nguan, G. V. Ramesh Prasad, Jessica M. Sontrop, Leroy Storsley and Neil Boudville in Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-cjk-10.1177_20543581231158067 for Long-Term Outcomes for Living Kidney Donors With Early Guideline-Concordant Follow-up Care: A Retrospective Cohort Study by Anisha Dhalla, Anita Lloyd, Krista L. Lentine, Amit X. Garg, Robert R. Quinn, Pietro Ravani, Scott W. Klarenbach, Brenda R. Hemmelgarn, Uchenna Ibelo and Ngan N. Lam in Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease

Purpose of Review:Magnesium is an essential mineral for bone metabolism, but little is known about how magnesium intake alters fracture risk. We conducted a narrative review to better understand how magnesium intake, through supplementation, diet, or altering the concentration of dialysate magnesium, affects mineral bone disease and the risk of fracture in individuals across the spectrum of kidney disease.Sources of Information:Peer-reviewed clinical trials and observational studies.Methods:We searched for relevant articles in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases....

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-cjk-10.1177_20543581221131201 for Enhance Access to Kidney Transplantation and Living Kidney Donation (EnAKT LKD): Statistical Analysis Plan of a Registry-Based, Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial by Stephanie N. Dixon, Kyla L. Naylor, Seychelle Yohanna, Susan McKenzie, Dmitri Belenko, Peter G Blake, Candice Coghlan, Rebecca Cooper, Lori Elliott, Leah Getchell, Vincent Ki, Istvan Mucsi, Gihad Nesrallah, Rachel E. Patzer, Justin Presseau, Marian Reich, Jessica M. Sontrop, Darin Treleaven, Amy D. Waterman, Jeffrey Zaltzman and Amit X. Garg...

Additional file 2. Additional details for the external dataset.

Additional file 4: Description of the gamma and c parameters. Fig. S2. This figure shows the decision boundaries and support vectors for different settings of the regularization parameter (C) and Kernel coefficient (gamma). We used the mglearn package to create this figure [27].

There is controversy on whether to use incremental monetary net benefit (INMB) or incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in health economic evaluations alongside randomized controlled trials. We studied the impact of restricted mean survival time (RMST) on the long-term projection of INMB and ICER. We analyzed the unbiasedness and efficiency of ICER and INMB by (1) deriving the metrics' expected values and variances based on theoretical probability distributions, (2) simulating their 15-year post-trial projections based on...

Additional file 9. Details and results for applying our model on a dialysis-related dataset. Table S1. Number of relevant articles retrieved with and without machine learning algorithm using the demonstration dataset (n=882 records). The research objective was to review CRTs in the hemodialysis setting to report key methodological and ethical issues.

Background:Living kidney donation is considered generally safe in healthy individuals; however, there is a need to better understand the long-term effects of donation on blood pressure and kidney function.Objectives:To determine the risk of hypertension in healthy, normotensive adults who donate a kidney compared with healthy, normotensive non-donors with similar indicators of baseline health. We will also compare the 2 groups on the rate of decline in kidney function, the risk of albuminuria, and changes in...

Additional file 4: Description of the gamma and c parameters. Fig. S2. This figure shows the decision boundaries and support vectors for different settings of the regularization parameter (C) and Kernel coefficient (gamma). We used the mglearn package to create this figure [27].

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-cjk-10.1177_20543581221150676 for Development and Validation of Patient Education Tools for Deprescribing in Patients on Hemodialysis by Thomas Hyunwoo Cho, Patrick C. K. Ng, Melissa J. Lefebvre, Arlene Desjarlais, Dennis McCann, Blair Waldvogel, Marcello Tonelli, Amit X. Garg, JoAnne Wilson, Monica Beaulieu, Judith Marin, Cali Orsulak, Melanie Talson, Monica Sharma, Jordanne Feldberg, Clara Bohm and Marisa Battistella in Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ctj-10.1177_17407745221149222 for A hybrid automated event adjudication system for clinical trials by Fei Yuan, Jackie Bosch, John Eikelboom, Gilles R Dagenais, Stuart Connolly, Jane Belanger, Tamara Marsden, Cissy Tang, Balakumar Swaminathan, Martin Renters, Leanne Dyal and Shrikant I Bangdiwala in Clinical Trials

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-cjk-10.1177_20543581221131201 for Enhance Access to Kidney Transplantation and Living Kidney Donation (EnAKT LKD): Statistical Analysis Plan of a Registry-Based, Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial by Stephanie N. Dixon, Kyla L. Naylor, Seychelle Yohanna, Susan McKenzie, Dmitri Belenko, Peter G Blake, Candice Coghlan, Rebecca Cooper, Lori Elliott, Leah Getchell, Vincent Ki, Istvan Mucsi, Gihad Nesrallah, Rachel E. Patzer, Justin Presseau, Marian Reich, Jessica M. Sontrop, Darin Treleaven, Amy D. Waterman, Jeffrey Zaltzman and Amit X. Garg...

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-cjk-10.1177_20543581231154183 for Magnesium and Fracture Risk in the General Population and Patients Receiving Dialysis: A Narrative Review by Andrea C. Cowan, Kristin K. Clemens, Jessica M. Sontrop, Stephanie N. Dixon, Lauren Killin, Sierra Anderson, Rey R. Acedillo, Amit Bagga, Clara Bohm, Pierre Antoine Brown, Brenden Cote, Varun Dev, Claire Harris, Swapnil Hiremath, Mercedeh Kiaii, Eduardo Lacson Jr, Amber O. Molnar, Matthew J. Oliver, Malvinder S. Parmar, Jennifer M. McRae, Bharat Nathoo, Kathleen Quinn,...

Background:Current guidelines recommend that living kidney donors receive lifelong annual follow-up care to monitor kidney health. In the United States, the reporting of complete clinical and laboratory data for kidney donors has been mandated for the first 2 years post-donation; however, the long-term impact of early guideline-concordant care remains unclear.Objective:The primary objective of this study was to compare long-term post-donation follow-up care and clinical outcomes of living kidney donors with and without early guideline-concordant follow-up...

Background:Current guidelines recommend that living kidney donors receive lifelong annual follow-up care to monitor kidney health. In the United States, the reporting of complete clinical and laboratory data for kidney donors has been mandated for the first 2 years post-donation; however, the long-term impact of early guideline-concordant care remains unclear.Objective:The primary objective of this study was to compare long-term post-donation follow-up care and clinical outcomes of living kidney donors with and without early guideline-concordant follow-up...

There is controversy on whether to use incremental monetary net benefit (INMB) or incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in health economic evaluations alongside randomized controlled trials. We studied the impact of restricted mean survival time (RMST) on the long-term projection of INMB and ICER. We analyzed the unbiasedness and efficiency of ICER and INMB by (1) deriving the metrics' expected values and variances based on theoretical probability distributions, (2) simulating their 15-year post-trial projections based on...

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-psg-10.1177_22925503231161066 for Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Clinical Effectiveness of Collagenase Injection (Xiaflex®) and Palmar Fasciectomy in the Management of Dupuytren's Contracture by Achilles Thoma, Jessica Murphy and Lucas Gallo, Bimpe Ayeni, Lehana Thabane in Plastic Surgery

Background: Diabetes is a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease and cognitive impairment. The anatomical basis for this is uncertain. Methods: The Canadian Alliance for Healthy Hearts and Minds (CAHHM) collected brain and carotid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and two cognitive tests (DSST and MoCA) in a cross-sectional sample of men and women. Brain MRIs identified brain infarcts (BI), lacunar BI, high white matter hyperintensity (WMH), vascular brain injury (VBI - BI or high WMH) and...

Additional file 1: Table S1. Search strategy for EMBASE and MEDLINE. Table S2. The journals searched for dental speciality.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-cjk-10.1177_20543581221150676 for Development and Validation of Patient Education Tools for Deprescribing in Patients on Hemodialysis by Thomas Hyunwoo Cho, Patrick C. K. Ng, Melissa J. Lefebvre, Arlene Desjarlais, Dennis McCann, Blair Waldvogel, Marcello Tonelli, Amit X. Garg, JoAnne Wilson, Monica Beaulieu, Judith Marin, Cali Orsulak, Melanie Talson, Monica Sharma, Jordanne Feldberg, Clara Bohm and Marisa Battistella in Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease

Background:Enhance Access to Kidney Transplantation and Living Kidney Donation (EnAKT LKD) is a quality improvement intervention designed to enhance access to kidney transplantation and living kidney donation. We conducted a cluster-randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of the intervention versus usual care on completing key steps toward receiving a kidney transplant.Objective:To prespecify the statistical analysis plan for the EnAKT LKD trial.Design:The EnAKT LKD trial is a pragmatic, 2-arm, parallel-group, registry-based, open-label, cluster-randomized, superiority, clinical...

Additional file 10. Examples of titles and abstracts that were classified incorrectly by our algortihms.

Additional file 1. Justification for using a CRT search filter.