Additional file 1: eFigure1. Flow diagram. eFigure 2. Published studies per medical content area. eFigure 3. Risk of bias per question. eFigure 4. Risk of bias inside intervention categories. eFigure 5. Intervention components in single-component interventions. eMethods 1. Search strategies. eMethods 2. Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs of complex interventions. eMethods 3. Refined version of intervention taxonomy for de-implementation interventions. eMethods 4. Rationale for refined intervention taxonomy. eMethods 5. Rationale for outcome hierarchy of...

Additional file 2. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist.

Abstract Background Healthcare costs are rising, and a substantial proportion of medical care is of little value. De-implementation of low-value practices is important for improving overall health outcomes and reducing costs. We aimed to identify and synthesize randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on de-implementation interventions and to provide guidance to improve future research. Methods MEDLINE and Scopus up to May 24, 2021, for individual and cluster RCTs comparing de-implementation interventions to usual care, another intervention, or...

Abstract Background Healthcare costs are rising, and a substantial proportion of medical care is of little value. De-implementation of low-value practices is important for improving overall health outcomes and reducing costs. We aimed to identify and synthesize randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on de-implementation interventions and to provide guidance to improve future research. Methods MEDLINE and Scopus up to May 24, 2021, for individual and cluster RCTs comparing de-implementation interventions to usual care, another intervention, or...

Additional file 10. Figure S7: Prognostic value of presurgical ctDNA detection. A). The recurrence-free survival analysis of patients stratified by presurgical ctDNA detection. B). The multi-variant Cox regression for presurgical ctDNA detection. Abbreviations: RFS – recurrence-free survival, LNM – lymph node metastasis, LUAD – lung adenocarcinoma, LUSC - lung squamous-cell carcinoma.

Additional file 11. Methods.

Additional file 1. Table S1: Patient demography.

Additional file 4. Figure S1: Availability of plasma samples. The availability of plasma samples for analysis at each schedule collection time point. Blue and red blocks denote samples collected before and after disease recurrence, respectively. Abbreviations: LUAD – lung adenocarcinoma, LUSC - lung squamous-cell carcinoma, RFS – recurrence-free survival, AT – adjuvant therapy, RT – radiotherapy, LNM – lymph node metastasis.

Additional file 7. Figure S4: ctDNA statuses and disease-related events of patients during follow-up periods. Swimmer plot illustrating the ctDNA statuses, adjuvant therapies, and pathological events of all patients. Abbreviations: LUAD – lung adenocarcinoma, LUSC - lung squamous-cell carcinoma, AT – adjuvant therapy.

Additional file 8. Figure S5: Prognostic values of ctDNA detection based on clonal and subclonal mutations. A). The recurrence-free survival analysis of patients stratified by ctDNA detection based on only clonal mutation profiles. B). The recurrence-free survival analysis of patients stratified by ctDNA detection based on all clonal and subclonal mutations.

Aim: There has been a wide interest in the effect of biotic interactions on species’ occurrences and abundances at large spatial scales, coupled with a vast development of the statistical methods to study them. Still, the evidence whether the effects of within-trophic level biotic interactions (e.g. competition and heterospecific attraction) are discernible beyond local scales remains inconsistent. Here, we present a novel hypothesis-testing framework based on joint dynamic species distribution models (JDSDMs) and functional trait...

Animals use interspecific cues as a source of information in decision-making, but the full costs and benefits of interspecific information use are unknown. We tested whether pied flycatchers use the body size and clutch size of great tits as cues in their reproductive decisions and what are the possible fitness consequences as a function of great tit size. The size of great tit females was positively associated with flycatchers’ probability to settle near a tit...

Abstract Background Little research has investigated the associations between proximity to physical activity facilities and behavior-related health and the majority have focused on proximity from home address. We add to the literature by examining proximity of these facilities to work and home address and including a wide range of physical activity facilities. We assess the associations for proximity of physical activity facilities from home and work address with self-reported frequency of exercise and obesity. Methods...

Animals are often assumed to follow a strategy of energy maximisation, and therefore should evaluate feeding options based on energy intake rates. Contrastingly, rhesus macaque’s learned food preferences are based on sensory properties, e.g. sweetness and resistance, regardless of energy differences. Here, we show that nectar sugar concentration (sweetness) and nectar viscosity (resistance) drive preferences of bumblebees, classical models for economic and foraging decision-making. Using a tasteless/odourless biopolymer (tylose), we created feeding options that differed...

Domestic donkeys (Equus asinus) have been maintained mainly for service purposes in the past. Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in donkey milk and meat production in several countries, including China. Donkey meat is highly consumed because of its nutritional value and unique flavor. However, genomic studies on donkey meat are limited. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to examine the molecular difference of longissimus dorsi muscles of donkey, cow, and goat. RNA sequencing and...

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Flowchart of the study design. A. Merge of WES cohorts from five published studies (Hellman et al. [10], Rizvi et al. [11], Miao et al [12, 13], Allen et al. [14], Liu et al. [15]). B. MSKCC cohort from the published study (Samstein et al [16]). C. The TCGA dataset was used to perform DDR-related gene mutation, tumor-infiltrating immune cells and prognostic analyses.

Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Kaplan–Meier curves of OS between the MED12-Mut and wildtype groups in the TCGA cohort.

Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Kaplan–Meier curves of OS between the MED12-Mut and wildtype groups in the TCGA cohort.

Additional file 2: Table S1. Genotype accuracy and concordance of imputation obtained with the three pipelines on 15 individuals. Table S2. Genotype accuracy and concordance of imputation by the three pipelines with the MAF ranges. Table S3. Genotype accuracy and concordance of imputation with different sample size and depth by BaseVar + STITCH. Table S4. Variant analysis by regions and functions. Table S5. LD decay in the Angora rabbit population. Table S6. Genes located in...

Abstract Background Evaluation of costs and short-term cost-effectiveness of infliximab plus methotrexate (IFX + MTX); triple therapy of hydroxychloquine, sulphasalazine, and methotrexate (TRIPLE); or methotrexate monotherapy (MTX) in patients with new-onset polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods In a prospective multicenter study (ACUTE-JIA), costs and health outcomes of 60 randomized patients with new-onset disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD)-naïve polyarticular JIA were analyzed during the first year. A mapping algorithm was used to obtain utility values from...

A small brain and short life allegedly limit cognitive abilities. Our view of invertebrate cognition may also be biased by the choice of experimental stimuli. Here, the stimuli (color) pairs in Match-To-Sample (MTS) tasks affected the performance of buff-tailed bumblebees (Bombus terrestris). We trained the bees to roll a tool, ball, to a goal that matched its color. Color-matching performance was slower with yellow-and-orange/red than with blue-and-yellow stimuli. When assessing the bees' concept learning in...

The ability of an ecosystem to deliver multiple functions at high levels (multifunctionality) typically increases with biodiversity but there is substantial variation in the strength and direction of biodiversity effects, suggesting context-dependency. A better understanding of the drivers of this context dependency is essential to predict effects of global change on ecosystems. To determine how different factors modulate the effect of diversity on multifunctionality, we established a large grassland experiment with 216 communities, crossing a...

1. In vertebrates, thyroid hormones (THs) play an important role in the regulation of growth, development, metabolism, photoperiodic responses and migration. Maternally transferred THs are important for normal early-phase embryonic development when embryos are not able to produce endogenous THs. Previous studies have shown that variation in maternal THs within the physiological range can influence offspring phenotype. 2. Given the essential functions of maternal THs in development and metabolism, THs may be a mediator of...

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the occurrence of mutations affecting post-translational modification (PTM) sites in matrisome genes across different tumor types, in light of their genomic and functional contexts and in comparison with the rest of the genome. METHODS: This study spans 9075 tumor samples and 32 tumor types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Pan-Cancer cohort and identifies 151,088 non-silent mutations in the coding regions of the matrisome, of which 1811 affecting known sites of hydroxylation,...

Mitochondria are best known for synthesizing ATP through the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. The cytoplasmic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is important for maintaining the function. This study was designed to reveal the effect of mtDNA on chicken body measurement traits (BMTs). A population of 605 Wenshang Barred chickens were recorded BMTs, including body slope length, keel length, chest width, etc. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of their mitogenomes were detected by PCR amplification and DNA...