Background: fMRI and EEG are two non-invasive functional imaging techniques within cognitive neuroscience that have complementary advantages to obtain both temporal and spatial information. The multi-source interference task (MSIT) has been shown to generate robust activations of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) on both a single-subject level and in group averages, in fMRI studies. We have now simultaneously acquired fMRI and EEG during a cognitive interference task. Materials and Methods: Healthy volunteers were tested...

Background Prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in North American men. Pathologists are in critical need of accurate biomarkers to characterize PC, particularly to confirm the presence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), an aggressive histopathological variant for which therapeutic options are now available. Our aim was to identify IDC-P with Raman micro-spectroscopy and machine learning technology following a protocol suitable for routine clinical histopathology laboratories. Methods and findings We used...

Study Design:Retrospective Cohort Study.Objectives:This study aimed to determine how the surgeon-determined and patient-rated location of predominant pain influences patient-rated outcomes at 1-year after posterior lumbar fusion in adult isthmic spondylolisthesis.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients prospectively enrolled in the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network national registry between 2009 and 2017 that underwent posterior lumbar fusion for isthmic spondylolisthesis. Using longitudinal mixed-model repeated-measures analysis the change from baseline in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) at 1 year...

Abstract Aim To inform the oversight of future clinical trials during a pandemic, we summarise the experiences of the Data Monitoring Committee (DMC) for the Randomised Evaluation of COVID therapy trial (RECOVERY), a large-scale randomised adaptive platform clinical trial of treatments for hospitalised patients with COVID-19. Methods and findings During the first 24 months of the trial (March 2020 to February 2022), the DMC oversaw accumulating data for 14 treatments in adults (plus 10 in...

Fetal growth and maturation are highly intertwined with placental development during pregnancy. Here we used placental vascular morphology measurements (depth and span) as well as the umbilical artery (UA) diameter of previously published studies on three different mouse strains (C57BL6/J, CD-1 and BALB/c), which were exposed to different conditions (combination Antiretroviral Therapy—cART, chronic maternal hypoxia and malaria infection) at different embryonic days, to test the hypothesis that placental vascularization and specifically the UA size, affect...

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Additional file 1: Table S1. STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies. Table S2. Missing data rate of prophylactic antibiotics use, stratified by province. Table S3. The rate of vaginal and cesarean delivery, stratified by province. Table S4. The prevalence of prophylactic antibiotic use, stratified by province and mode of delivery. Table S5. The prevalence of adherence to guidelines on antibiotic prophylaxis, stratified by province and mode of delivery. Figure S1. The rate of cesarean delivery, stratified...

Additional file 1: Table S1. STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies. Table S2. Missing data rate of prophylactic antibiotics use, stratified by province. Table S3. The rate of vaginal and cesarean delivery, stratified by province. Table S4. The prevalence of prophylactic antibiotic use, stratified by province and mode of delivery. Table S5. The prevalence of adherence to guidelines on antibiotic prophylaxis, stratified by province and mode of delivery. Figure S1. The rate of cesarean delivery, stratified...

Additional file 1: Figure S1. EIF4A3 was upregulated in ESCC and promoted ESCC cell proliferation and migration. (A) Relative expression of EIF4A3 in human oesophageal cancer tissues (n = 162) compared with noncancerous tissues (n = 11) and a positive correlation with SNHG16 via the GEPIA database. (B) Western blot analysis of EIF4A3 after si-NC or si-EIF4A3 transfection in ESCC cells. Mock was the blank control group. GAPDH was used as an internal control. CCK-8...

Abstract Background Suboptimal medication adherence is a major reason for failure in the management of major depressive disorder (MDD), childhood trauma might be an essential risk factor of suboptimal medication adherence. This study aimed to comprehensively explore the associations between different types of childhood trauma and medication adherence among patients with MDD, and to test whether resilience has moderating effects on the foregoing associations. Methods Participants were from the Depression Cohort in China (ChiCTR registry...

Additional file 1: eTable 1. Baseline sample characteristics between eligible and ineligible participants. eTable 2. Frequencies of responses on the MARS among the suboptimal adherence group (n=234). eFigure 1. The distribution of suboptimal adherence in the low, medium and high resilience group.

Synapses represent an important target of Alzheimer disease (AD), and alterations of their excitability are among the earliest changes associated with AD development. Synaptic activation has been shown to be protective in models of AD, and deep brain stimulation (DBS), a surgical strategy that modulates neuronal activity to treat neurological and psychiatric disorders, produced positive effects in AD patients. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective role(s) of brain stimulation are still elusive. We have...

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Additional file 1: Supplementary information.

The increased availability of healthcare data has made predictive modeling popular in a clinical setting. If an expected patient-specific outcome can be estimated prior to a medical intervention the healthcare costs can be reduced for both patient and provider. The nature of data used to train such predictive models is frequently longitudinal, as interventions with convalescence times or chronic conditions contain outcome measures at intermediate follow-up points. Here we outline a predictive modeling approach that...

Additional file 2: Table S1.Information on the imported isolates of P. vivax samples used in this study.

Additional file 2: Supplementary File S1.

Abstract Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and can be caused by environmental aspects (for example, exposure to asbestos), by human behavior (such as smoking), or by genetic factors. To understand which genes might be involved in patients’ survival, researchers have invented prognostic genetic signatures: lists of genes that can be used in scientific analyses to predict if a patient will survive or not. In this study, we joined together five...

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Additional file 2. COREQ (COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research) Checklist. Checklist that describes the inclusion and location of items considered part of research for studies involving interviews or focus groups.

The thermal-rheological structure of the continental lithosphere is an important indicator of geodynamic processes. Tectonic compression and extension may change thermal-rheological structure of lithosphere. However, the thermal-rheological evolution over geological time may be difficult to determine because of overprints of subsequent geological events. Mantle xenolith temperature and pressure conditions can differentiate the lithospheric thermal structure over geological time and indicate the lithospheric rheological strength. Chronological and temperature-pressure condition data from 11 mantle xenoliths in Cenozoic...

Supplemental Material for Fiber reinforced polypropylene composites interfacial behavior improvement fabricated by cold plasma jet SiOx nanoparticles deposition by Lin Zhang, Zhangchuan Xia, Yadong He, Chunling Xin, Yang Yu, Feng Ren and Ruixue Wang in Journal of Composite Materials

Multi-omics datasets represent distinct aspects of the central dogma of molecular biology. Such high-dimensional molecular profiles pose challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation. ActivePathways is an integrative method that discovers significantly enriched pathways across multiple datasets using statistical data fusion, rationalizes contributing evidence and highlights associated genes. As part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2658 cancers across 38 tumor types, we integrated...

Tumor model information, visualizations of specific placements, and example xml file.