This study explores the extent to which changes in transport infrastructure counterbalance pre-existing geographical friction and foster innovation collaboration, using the Chinese high-speed rail (HSR) construction as a quasi-natural experiment. Using a comprehensive dataset of city-pair co-patents from 2005 to 2018, we show that HSR connections significantly increase intercity co-patents, patent quality and collaborative partnerships, and such effects are strongest for city-pairs within 250 km and decrease for longer distances. Moreover, the HSR effect is...

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has increased morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. The current NSCLS therapies are associated with poor outcomes and need further improvement. CircRNAs were shown to regulate NSCLC progression. However, little is known re garding the functions and mechanisms of circ_0017639 in NSCLC, which requires further extensive studies. The circ_0017639 expression in NSCLC tissues and cell lines was evaluated via qRT-RCR. Moreover, using ectopic plasmid incorporation and shRNA assays, we analyzed the...

Massive infiltrated and enriched decidual macrophages (dMφ) have been widely regarded as important regulators of maternal-fetal immune tolerance and trophoblast invasion, contributing to normal pregnancy. However, the characteristics of metabolic profile and the underlying mechanism of dMφ residence remain largely unknown. Here, we observe that dMφ display an active glycerophospholipid metabolism. The activation of ENPP2-lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) facilitates the adhesion and retention, and M2 differentiation of dMφ during normal pregnancy. Mechanistically, this process is mediated...

Massive infiltrated and enriched decidual macrophages (dMφ) have been widely regarded as important regulators of maternal-fetal immune tolerance and trophoblast invasion, contributing to normal pregnancy. However, the characteristics of metabolic profile and the underlying mechanism of dMφ residence remain largely unknown. Here, we observe that dMφ display an active glycerophospholipid metabolism. The activation of ENPP2-lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) facilitates the adhesion and retention, and M2 differentiation of dMφ during normal pregnancy. Mechanistically, this process is mediated...

Graft failure (GF) is an intractable complication of transplantation, which can severely affect the efficacy of the graft; however, the characteristics, incidence, and risk factors of primary GF have not been well described. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors and outcomes of primary GF to swiftly identify high-risk patients for GF. We performed a case-control study with a case-control ratio of 1:4 with 869 patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT)...

Pot and field trials were conducted to investigate Cd uptake and phytoremediation efficiency of two Brassica napus cultivars (QY-1 and SYH) with applied water-soluble chitosan (WSC, Pot: 0, 2% and 4%; Field: 0 and 10 g·m−2) grown in Cd-contaminated soils. The results from the pot and field trials generally showed that WSC treatments significantly increased Cd concentrations in shoot and root tissues by 33.77–159.71% (except for SYH/JY) and 7.42–168.71% of two B. napus cultivars compared...

Aminoglycosides exhibit ototoxicity by damaging mitochondria, which in turn generate reactive oxygen species that induce hair cell death and subsequent hearing loss. It is well known that damaged mitochondria are degraded by mitophagy, an important mitochondrial quality control system that maintains mitochondrial homeostasis and ensures cell survival. However, it is unclear whether dysregulation of mitophagy contributes to aminoglycoside-induced hair cell injury. In the current study, we found that PINK1-PRKN-mediated mitophagy was impaired in neomycin-treated hair...

Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) causes a severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates with high morbidity and mortality. EBOV infection is dependent on its structural glycoprotein (GP), but high levels of GP expression also trigger cell rounding, detachment, and downregulation of many surface molecules that is thought to contribute to its high pathogenicity. Thus, EBOV has evolved an RNA editing mechanism to reduce its GP expression and increase its fitness. We now report that the...

Grey mould, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is an increasingly destructive disease of ginseng (Panax ginseng) in China. However, the extent of variation in the morphological characteristics of fungal colonies, genetic background and pathogenicity of different strains of this pathogen remains unknown. In this study, we isolated and identified 102 isolates of B. cinerea from ginseng. Among these, the sclerotial phenotype was dominant, followed by the mycelial and conidial phenotypes, with the proportion of each phenotype...

Additional file 2: Supplemental Table 2. The kappa coefficients of categorical variables between three radiologists.

Abstract Purpose To establish a nomogram for predicting the risk of adenocarcinomas in patients with subsolid nodules (SSNs) according to the 2021 WHO classification. Methods A total of 656 patients who underwent SSNs resection were retrospectively enrolled. Among them, 407 patients were assigned to the derivation cohort and 249 patients were assigned to the validation cohort. Univariate and multi-variate logistic regression algorithms were utilized to identity independent risk factors of adenocarcinomas. A nomogram based on...

This study investigated the pharmacological mechanism of kaempferol in the treatment of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain by network pharmacological method and cells experiment. The kaempferol and disease target genes were obtained from several databases, including TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, and CTD. Then, the common target genes of drugs and diseases were obtained using Venny online tools. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional analyses were carried out to obtain the enriched molecular...

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable and extensively distributed non-coding RNA molecules that are differentially expressed in liver cancer tissues in the human body. In this study, we aimed to investigate circRNA as a novel candidate biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). For three groups of HCC and neighboring healthy tissues, the differentially expressed circRNAs were identified through high-throughput sequencing analysis. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were employed for the evaluation of...

Supplementary

The programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a pivotal biomarker of immunotherapy in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). TP53 is reported as a positive regulatory predictor of immune efficacy. The correlation of p53 expression or mutation and PD-L1 expression is explored. By immunohistochemistry, PD-L1 expression between p53 mutation (missense and nonsense) and wild type; p53 no-expression/loss vs. expression were compared. There was a significant association between p53 mutation, especially missense mutation with higher histological grade,...

Supplementary

The coupled cavity-waveguide approach provides a flexible platform to design integrated photonic devices that are widely applied in optical communications and information processing. Topological photonic crystals that can excite the nontrivial edge state (ES) and corner state (CS), have unprecedented capability in manipulating electromagnetic (EM) waves, leading to a variety of unusual functionalities that are impossible to achieve with conventional cavity-waveguide systems. In this paper, two-dimensional photonic crystals consisting of a topological ES waveguide, a...

The mammalian Atg18 ortholog WIPI2 is a key regulator of LC3 lipidation to promote autophagosome biogenesis during nonselective macroautophagy, while its functions in selective autophagy such as mitophagy remain largely unexplored. In this study, we explored the role of WIPI2 in PINK1-PRKN/parkin-mediated mitophagy. First, we found that WIPI2 is recruited to damaged mitochondria upon mitophagy induction. Second, loss of WIPI2 impedes mitochondrial damaging agents-induced mitophagy. Third, at molecular level, WIPI2 binds to and promotes AAA-ATPase...

Aerosol loadings and their spatial distribution are among the most important atmospheric information needed for a range of applications such as air quality monitoring, climate research, and public health. A key measure of aerosol quantity is aerosol optical depth (AOD) and it has been routinely observed from space by Earth observing satellites/instrument, especially the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Despite its global coverage and daily temporal resolution, the MODIS Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC)...

Aerosol loadings and their spatial distribution are among the most important atmospheric information needed for a range of applications such as air quality monitoring, climate research, and public health. A key measure of aerosol quantity is aerosol optical depth (AOD) and it has been routinely observed from space by Earth observing satellites/instrument, especially the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Despite its global coverage and daily temporal resolution, the MODIS Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC)...

Studies have shown the inhibitory effect of microRNA-34a on proliferation, migration, and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, the lack of a safe and effective delivery system limits the clinical application of microRNA-34a in oral cancer treatment. An exosome is a small extracellular vesicle that mediates intercellular communication by delivering proteins, nucleic acids, and other contents, and functions as a natural drug delivery carrier. Here, we aimed to explore whether exosomes could be used...

Global land cover has undergone extensive and rapid changes as a result of human activities and climate change. These changes have had a significant impact on biodiversity, the surface energy balance, and sustainable development. Global land cover data underpins research on the development of earth system models, resource management, and evaluation of the ecological environment. However, there are limitations in the classification detail, spatial resolution, and rapid change monitoring capability of global land cover change...

Additional file 2: Table S2. The PgMYB protein sequences for phylogenetic analysis.

Additional file 3: Age-specific incidence, mortality and survival rates of breast cancer.

Abstract Background Most cancer disability-adjusted life year (DALY) studies worldwide have used broad, generic disability weights (DWs); however, differences exist among populations and types of cancers. Using breast cancer as example, this study aimed to estimate the population-level DALYs in females in China and the impact of screening as well as applying local DWs. Methods Using multisource data, a prevalence-based model was constructed. (1) Overall years lived with disability (YLDs) were estimated by using numbers...