Background:The optimal timing of surgery for pectus excavatum (PE) is controversial. A large proportion of children will not undergo surgery before puberty. However, untimely surgery may lead to a decline in the children’s social adaptation and competitiveness because the children have already developed psychological and physiological impairments due to PE at an early age. The study retrospectively compared the academic performance in PE children undergoing the Nuss procedure versus nonsurgical observation.Methods:This retrospective real-world research study...

Background:The optimal timing of surgery for pectus excavatum (PE) is controversial. A large proportion of children will not undergo surgery before puberty. However, untimely surgery may lead to a decline in the children’s social adaptation and competitiveness because the children have already developed psychological and physiological impairments due to PE at an early age. The study retrospectively compared the academic performance in PE children undergoing the Nuss procedure versus nonsurgical observation.Methods:This retrospective real-world research study...

Objective quantification of photoreceptor cell morphology, such as cell diameter and outer segment length, is crucial for early, accurate, and sensitive diagnosis and prognosis of retinal neurodegenerative diseases. Adaptive optics optical coherence tomography (AO-OCT) provides three-dimensional (3-D) visualization of photoreceptor cells in the living human eye. The current gold standard for extracting cell morphology from AO-OCT images involves the tedious process of 2-D manual marking. To automate this process and extend to 3-D analysis of...

Although structural colors based on nanostructures have attracted many researchers’ attentions due to their superior durability and high resolution, most previous reports focused on the static and dynamic structural colors in reflection mode and few researchers focus on the static and dynamic transmission colors for high-saturation RGB models. Here, the hybrid Al-Si3N4 nanogratings with the top SiO2 capping layer and the bottom MgF2 layer that can switch full-hue and high-saturation transmitted structural colors on and...

The accurate detection of nanoplastics is crucial due to their harmful effects on the environment and human beings. In this research, we successfully constructed an Ag/CuO nanowire (NW)/BaTiO3@PVDF Bowl-shaped substrate with a nanowire-in-Bowl-shaped piezoelectric cavity structure that can modulate surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) by the piezoelectric effect by the virtue of the molecular gripper of the CuO NW and optical field amplifier of the Bowl-shaped cavity. Due to its unique nanowire-in-Bowl-shaped structure and piezoelectrically modifiable...

Learning-based computer-generated holography (CGH) algorithms appear as novel alternatives to generate phase-only holograms. However, most existing learning-based approaches underperform their iterative peers in terms of display quality. Here, we propose an unsupervised Fourier-inspired neural network that could generate phase-only holograms in real time and obtain high-fidelity reconstructed images. Both simulation and experiment were performed to showcase its capability. By explicitly leveraging Fourier transforms within the neural network architecture, global features of the holograms are more...

BackgroundThe anatomical positioning of the graft during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is of great significance for restoring normal knee kinematics and preventing early joint degeneration. Therefore, the adjustment of the mispositioned guide pin becomes extremely important. Our research aims to test the time-zero biomechanical properties in adjusting inaccurate guide pins to the center of the tibial footprint in anatomical anterior cruciate ligament single-bundle reconstruction.MethodsPorcine tibias and bovine extensor tendons were used to simulate a...

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are the 4th plant supplemental lighting source. Pulsed lighting is benefit to increase energy utilization efficiency in greenhouse production. A pulsed-lighting LED luminaire with geometrical optical solution is proposed to overcome the shortcoming with pulse width modulation (PWM) solution. In addition, this luminaire also achieves uniform lighting by designing freeform surfaces. In the illumination area, the lighting frequency is 117.6 Hz and the illuminance uniformity is 0.789, which is better than 0.75...

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are the 4th plant supplemental lighting source. Pulsed lighting is benefit to increase energy utilization efficiency in greenhouse production. A pulsed-lighting LED luminaire with geometrical optical solution is proposed to overcome the shortcoming with pulse width modulation (PWM) solution. In addition, this luminaire also achieves uniform lighting by designing freeform surfaces. In the illumination area, the lighting frequency is 117.6 Hz and the illuminance uniformity is 0.789, which is better than 0.75...

This article focus on derive the process-structure-property relationship of Poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) fibers prepared by two-step melt spinning process. The spinning temperature, spinning rate, drawing temperature as well as draw ratio were studied to analyze the influence of process variables on the structure and properties of PLLA fibers. It suggests that the crystallinity, lamellar orientation structure and mechanical properties of fibers are dependent on the spinning conditions, including melt-spinning and hot-drawing process. An approximate linear correlation...

This article focus on derive the process-structure-property relationship of Poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) fibers prepared by two-step melt spinning process. The spinning temperature, spinning rate, drawing temperature as well as draw ratio were studied to analyze the influence of process variables on the structure and properties of PLLA fibers. It suggests that the crystallinity, lamellar orientation structure and mechanical properties of fibers are dependent on the spinning conditions, including melt-spinning and hot-drawing process. An approximate linear correlation...

Intestine is a place that a site of immune cells priming at birth. Therefore, spatial transcriptomics was performed to define how the transcriptomic landscape is spatially organized in the posterior intestine of Sebastes schlegelii following Edwardsiella piscicida infection. At the healthy condition, we identified a previously unappreciated molecular regionalization of the posterior intestine. Following bacterial infection, most immune-related genes were identified in mucosa layers. Moreover, investigation of immune-related genes and genes in immune-related KEGG pathways...

BackgroundThe interpretation of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) stenosis may be difficult among radiologists of different experience levels. Artificial intelligence (AI) may improve the diagnostic performance.PurposeTo investigate whether the diagnostic performance and time efficiency of radiologists with different levels of experience in interpreting CCTA images could be improved by using CCTA with AI assistance (CCTA-AI).Material and MethodsThis analysis included 200 patients with complete CCTA and invasive coronary angiography (ICA) data, using ICA results as the...

BackgroundRecent evidence suggests that the Ki-67 labeling index is associated with lymph node metastasis and the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological features of consecutive PTC patients between Jan 2019 and Oct 2020 in our medical center. The molecular analysis was also conducted by using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) program. The Chi-square test was performed for the comparison of variables between patients with central lymph...

Platycodin D (PD) is a naturally occurring, biologically active triterpenoid saponin isolated from a medicinal food homology plant called Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC. It is involved in the processing of various biological activities. While investigating the anti-inflammatory property of PD using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, we unexpectedly found that PD exhibited toxicity to RAW 264.7 cells. In this study, the toxic effect of PD on RAW 264.7 cells was systematically evaluated...

Here, we experimentally demonstrate quantum coherent superposition of two different birthplaces of a four-photon state, where multi-photon frustrated interference emerges from the quantum indistinguishability by path identity. The quantum state is created in four probabilistic photon-pair sources on one integrated silicon photonic chip, two combinations of which can create photon quadruplets. Coherent elimination and revival of distributed four-photons are fully controlled by tuning phases. The experiment gives rise to peculiar quantum interference of two possible...

We aim to evaluate the marginal effects of covariates on time-to-disability in the elderly under the semi-competing risks framework, as death dependently censors disability, not vice versa. It becomes particularly challenging when time-to-disability is subject to interval censoring due to intermittent assessments. A left truncation issue arises when the age time scale is applied. We develop a flexible two-parameter copula-based semiparametric transformation model for semi-competing risks data subject to interval censoring and left truncation. The...

Optical temperature sensing of the non-thermally coupled energy levels (N-TCLs) based on fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technologies has excellent temperature sensitivity and signal recognition properties. In this study, a novel strategy is established to enhance the low-temperature sensing properties by controlling photochromic reaction process in Na0.5Bi2.5Ta2O9: Er/Yb samples. The maximum relative sensitivity reaches up to 5.99% K-1 at cryogenic temperature of 153 K. After irradiation with commercial laser of 405 nm for 30 s, the...

Sulfur-based polymeric glasses are promising as alternative low-cost IR materials with their profoundly high IR transparency. In this Letter, femtosecond laser induced refractive index change (RIC) was investigated in one typical sulfur-based polymeric glass material, poly(S-r-DIB), for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. RIC in laser engineered region was quantitively characterized, which laid a foundation for phase-type optical element design. By integration of RIC traces, embedded phase-type micro-optics elements, including Fresnel zone...

Ingestion of a foreign body (FB) is a common emergency encountered in otorhinolaryngology. In most cases, FBs pass through the digestive tract spontaneously without any serious consequences, but some of them require nonsurgical interventions, and more severe cases require surgical interventions. The types of FBs ingested may differ in different countries and regions. In adults, bones, fish bones, and dental prostheses are most commonly found in the esophagus, and most of the FBs are retained...

In this paper, we make research on the temperature stability of silicon-based ring resonator thermometers utilizing Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technology. A slight temperature fluctuation of 12.2 mK in 200 s was experimentally detected by immersing the sensor in the triple point of water (TPW) system with ultra-high precision. Additionally, factors that affect temperature stability, including fundamental thermal noises, laser frequency drift and power fluctuation, were analyzed and calculated theoretically. It shows high consistency with experimental results....

In this paper, we make research on the temperature stability of silicon-based ring resonator thermometers utilizing Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technology. A slight temperature fluctuation of 12.2 mK in 200 s was experimentally detected by immersing the sensor in the triple point of water (TPW) system with ultra-high precision. Additionally, factors that affect temperature stability, including fundamental thermal noises, laser frequency drift and power fluctuation, were analyzed and calculated theoretically. It shows high consistency with experimental results....

In this paper, we make research on the temperature stability of silicon-based ring resonator thermometers utilizing Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technology. A slight temperature fluctuation of 12.2 mK in 200 s was experimentally detected by immersing the sensor in the triple point of water (TPW) system with ultra-high precision. Additionally, factors that affect temperature stability, including fundamental thermal noises, laser frequency drift and power fluctuation, were analyzed and calculated theoretically. It shows high consistency with experimental results....

In this paper, we make research on the temperature stability of silicon-based ring resonator thermometers utilizing Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technology. A slight temperature fluctuation of 12.2 mK in 200 s was experimentally detected by immersing the sensor in the triple point of water (TPW) system with ultra-high precision. Additionally, factors that affect temperature stability, including fundamental thermal noises, laser frequency drift and power fluctuation, were analyzed and calculated theoretically. It shows high consistency with experimental results....

The authors develop an attribute-based mixed-membership model of consumers’ preference for stockkeeping units in store assortments. The model represents the underlying “topics of interest” that drive shopping behaviors as probability distributions over product attributes. It overcomes several limitations of latent Dirichlet allocation topic models and is particularly useful for making preference predictions in large and frequently changing store assortments. The authors apply the proposed model to investigate topics driving browsing and purchase activities in an...