Abstract Background Visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP-1) belongs to the group of emerging biomarkers with the potential to support the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, studies investigating the differential diagnostic potential in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are rare and are not available for blood. Methods We set up a novel, sensitive single molecule array (Simoa) assay for the detection of VILIP-1 in CSF and serum. In total, paired CSF and serum samples from 234 patients...

In this work, we report a novel strategy in improving the performance of UV-Vis self-powered CsPbBr₃ quantum dots (QDs) photodetectors (PDs) by ligand modification and P3HT embedding. Compared with those based on pure QDs, modified PDs show a shorten of response time by nearly 10 times, and an increase of maximum responsivity and specific detectivity for nearly 45 and 97 times, respectively. Such PDs also show a high stability with 90% of the initial photocurrent...

Abstract Background Recent technological advances opened the opportunity to simultaneously study gene expression for thousands of individual cells on a genome-wide scale. The experimental accessibility of such single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) approaches allowed gaining insights into the cell type composition of heterogeneous tissue samples of animal model systems and emerging models alike. A major prerequisite for a successful application of the method is the dissociation of complex tissues into individual cells, which often requires large...

Current policy is driving renewed impetus to restore forests to return ecological function, protect species, sequester carbon and secure livelihoods. Here we assess the contribution of tree planting to ecosystem restoration in tropical and sub-tropical Asia; we synthesize evidence on mortality and growth of planted trees at 176 sites and assess structural and biodiversity recovery of co-located actively restored and naturally regenerating forest plots. Mean mortality of planted trees was 18% 1 year after planting,...

A range of regularization approaches have been proposed in the data sciences to overcome overfitting, to exploit sparsity or to improve prediction. Using a broad definition of regularization, namely controlling model complexity by adding information in order to solve ill-posed problems or to prevent overfitting, we review a range of approaches within this framework including penalization, early stopping, ensembling and model averaging. Aspects of their practical implementation are discussed including available R-packages and examples are...

Abstract Background Aberrant DNA methylation is an epigenetic marker that has been linked to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been increasingly identified to be associated with tumorigenic processes of CRC. Identifying epigenetically dysregulated lncRNAs and characterizing their effects during carcinogenesis are focuses of cancer research. Methods Differentially methylated loci and expressed lncRNAs were identified by integrating DNA methylome and transcriptome analyses using The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Bisulfite sequencing...

Abstract Background Aberrant DNA methylation is an epigenetic marker that has been linked to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been increasingly identified to be associated with tumorigenic processes of CRC. Identifying epigenetically dysregulated lncRNAs and characterizing their effects during carcinogenesis are focuses of cancer research. Methods Differentially methylated loci and expressed lncRNAs were identified by integrating DNA methylome and transcriptome analyses using The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Bisulfite sequencing...

A range of regularization approaches have been proposed in the data sciences to overcome overfitting, to exploit sparsity or to improve prediction. Using a broad definition of regularization, namely controlling model complexity by adding information in order to solve ill-posed problems or to prevent overfitting, we review a range of approaches within this framework including penalization, early stopping, ensembling and model averaging. Aspects of their practical implementation are discussed including available R-packages and examples are...

Abstract The incidence of primary liver tumors, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC), and combined HCC/ICC (cHCC/CC) is increasing. For ICC, targeted therapy exists only for a small subpopulation of patients, while for HCC, Sorafenib and Lenvatinib are in use. Diagnosis of cHCC/CC is a great challenge and its incidence is underestimated, bearing the risk of unintended non-treatment of ICC. Here, we investigated effects of targeted inhibitors on human ICC cell lines (HUH28, RBE,...

Abstract Background Although chronic kidney disease (CKD) is highly prevalent in the general population, little research has been conducted on CKD management in ambulatory care. Objective was to assess management and quality of care by evaluating CKD coding in ambulatory care, patient diagnosis awareness, frequency of monitoring and whether appropriate patients are referred to nephrology. Methods Clinical data from the population-based cohort Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-START) were matched with claims data of the...

Abstract Background Feature-based attention prioritizes the processing of the attended feature while strongly suppressing the processing of nearby ones. This creates a non-linearity or “attentional suppressive surround” predicted by the Selective Tuning model of visual attention. However, previously reported effects of feature-based attention on neuronal responses are linear, e.g., feature-similarity gain. Here, we investigated this apparent contradiction by neurophysiological and psychophysical approaches. Results Responses of motion direction-selective neurons in area MT/MST of monkeys were recorded...

Abstract Background Nowadays, 3D planning and static for dynamic aids play an increasing role in oral rehabilitation of the masticatory apparatus with dental implants. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of implant placement using a 3D-printed drilling guide and an intraoral real-time dynamic navigation system. Methods A total of 60 implants were placed on 12 partially edentulous lower jaw models. 30 were placed with pilot drilling guides, the other half with...

Abstract Background Although chronic kidney disease (CKD) is highly prevalent in the general population, little research has been conducted on CKD management in ambulatory care. Objective was to assess management and quality of care by evaluating CKD coding in ambulatory care, patient diagnosis awareness, frequency of monitoring and whether appropriate patients are referred to nephrology. Methods Clinical data from the population-based cohort Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-START) were matched with claims data of the...

Abstract Background Cox proportional hazards regression models and machine learning models are widely used for predicting the risk of dementia. Existing comparisons of these models have mostly been based on empirical datasets and have yielded mixed results. This study examines the accuracy of various machine learning and of the Cox regression models for predicting time-to-event outcomes using Monte Carlo simulation in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods The predictive accuracy of nine time-to-event regression...

Abstract The incidence of primary liver tumors, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC), and combined HCC/ICC (cHCC/CC) is increasing. For ICC, targeted therapy exists only for a small subpopulation of patients, while for HCC, Sorafenib and Lenvatinib are in use. Diagnosis of cHCC/CC is a great challenge and its incidence is underestimated, bearing the risk of unintended non-treatment of ICC. Here, we investigated effects of targeted inhibitors on human ICC cell lines (HUH28, RBE,...

Abstract Background Visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP-1) belongs to the group of emerging biomarkers with the potential to support the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, studies investigating the differential diagnostic potential in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are rare and are not available for blood. Methods We set up a novel, sensitive single molecule array (Simoa) assay for the detection of VILIP-1 in CSF and serum. In total, paired CSF and serum samples from 234 patients...

Abstract Background Nowadays, 3D planning and static for dynamic aids play an increasing role in oral rehabilitation of the masticatory apparatus with dental implants. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of implant placement using a 3D-printed drilling guide and an intraoral real-time dynamic navigation system. Methods A total of 60 implants were placed on 12 partially edentulous lower jaw models. 30 were placed with pilot drilling guides, the other half with...

Abstract Background Feature-based attention prioritizes the processing of the attended feature while strongly suppressing the processing of nearby ones. This creates a non-linearity or “attentional suppressive surround” predicted by the Selective Tuning model of visual attention. However, previously reported effects of feature-based attention on neuronal responses are linear, e.g., feature-similarity gain. Here, we investigated this apparent contradiction by neurophysiological and psychophysical approaches. Results Responses of motion direction-selective neurons in area MT/MST of monkeys were recorded...

The recirculation of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) will decrease the efficiency of respiratory support. We report a patient with refractory severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Even with the support of ECMO and mechanical ventilation (MV), it is still difficult to correct hypoxemia. In this case, we placed a balloon catheter above the ECMO drainage cannula in inferior vena cava (IVC), and then occlusion the IVC with the water-filled balloon. After the occlusion, the...

The recirculation of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) will decrease the efficiency of respiratory support. We report a patient with refractory severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Even with the support of ECMO and mechanical ventilation (MV), it is still difficult to correct hypoxemia. In this case, we placed a balloon catheter above the ECMO drainage cannula in inferior vena cava (IVC), and then occlusion the IVC with the water-filled balloon. After the occlusion, the...

Abstract Background Recent technological advances opened the opportunity to simultaneously study gene expression for thousands of individual cells on a genome-wide scale. The experimental accessibility of such single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) approaches allowed gaining insights into the cell type composition of heterogeneous tissue samples of animal model systems and emerging models alike. A major prerequisite for a successful application of the method is the dissociation of complex tissues into individual cells, which often requires large...

Current policy is driving renewed impetus to restore forests to return ecological function, protect species, sequester carbon and secure livelihoods. Here we assess the contribution of tree planting to ecosystem restoration in tropical and sub-tropical Asia; we synthesize evidence on mortality and growth of planted trees at 176 sites and assess structural and biodiversity recovery of co-located actively restored and naturally regenerating forest plots. Mean mortality of planted trees was 18% 1 year after planting,...

In this work, we report a novel strategy in improving the performance of UV-Vis self-powered CsPbBr₃ quantum dots (QDs) photodetectors (PDs) by ligand modification and P3HT embedding. Compared with those based on pure QDs, modified PDs show a shorten of response time by nearly 10 times, and an increase of maximum responsivity and specific detectivity for nearly 45 and 97 times, respectively. Such PDs also show a high stability with 90% of the initial photocurrent...

In this work, we report a novel strategy in improving the performance of UV-Vis self-powered CsPbBr₃ quantum dots (QDs) photodetectors (PDs) by ligand modification and P3HT embedding. Compared with those based on pure QDs, modified PDs show a shorten of response time by nearly 10 times, and an increase of maximum responsivity and specific detectivity for nearly 45 and 97 times, respectively. Such PDs also show a high stability with 90% of the initial photocurrent...

Abstract Background Cox proportional hazards regression models and machine learning models are widely used for predicting the risk of dementia. Existing comparisons of these models have mostly been based on empirical datasets and have yielded mixed results. This study examines the accuracy of various machine learning and of the Cox regression models for predicting time-to-event outcomes using Monte Carlo simulation in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods The predictive accuracy of nine time-to-event regression...