The geographical range of the mosquito vector for many human disease-causing viruses, Aedes aegypti, is expanding, in part owing to changing climate. The capacity of this species to adapt to thermal stress will affect its future distributions. It is unclear how much heritable genetic variation may affect the upper thermal limits of mosquito populations over the long term. Nor are the genetic pathways that confer thermal tolerance fully understood. In the short term, cells induce...

In order to understand the research status of the relationship between health communication and doctor-patient relationship, and to explore a new path of the impact of health communication on doctor-patient relationship, this paper adopted qualitative methods to quantize the literature over the past 10 years in the Web of Science database and carried out Co-Authorship Analysis, Co-Citation Analysis and Co-Occurrence Analysis based on CiteSpace. In addition, according to the results of bibliometric research, self-designed questionnaires...

ObjectivesPerturbations of the intestinal microbiota have been associated with mental health disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). Therefore, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) holds promise as a microbiota-modulating treatment for MDD. Yet, to date, there are no published controlled studies evaluating the use of FMT for MDD. This study aimed to address this gap by evaluating the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of FMT for MDD.MethodsThe study was an 8-week, double-blind, 2:1 parallel group, randomized controlled pilot...

ObjectiveTo investigate the pathogenesis of primary angle-closure disease (PACG) by measuring the anatomical structures of the anterior and posterior segments of the eye and inflammatory markers in the peripheral blood.MethodsThis case–control study enrolled patients diagnosed with acute PACG (APACG) and chronic PACG (CPACG). It also enrolled control subjects without PACG. The anterior and posterior anatomical features were measured in all study participants. The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor-α and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)...

We present near-ideal axisymmetric numerically optimized spline concentrators (OSCs) which outperform the compound parabolic concentrator (CPC). By perturbing the profile of the revolved CPC by a variable-offset spline defined in tangent-normal space, we show that ray rejection can be reduced to nearly half of that of the CPC, without increasing concentrator length. The resulting OSCs concentrators achieve acceptance efficiencies as high as 99.3% for an acceptance angle of 45°, the highest reported for any finite-length...

Abstract Background To understand how Plasmodium falciparum malaria is controlled, it is essential to elucidate the transcriptomic responses of the human host in naturally-exposed populations. Various individual studies of the human transcriptomic responses to naturally transmitted P. falciparum infections have been reported with varying results. Multicohort gene expression analysis by aggregating data from diverse populations into a single analysis will increase the reproducibility and reliability of the results. Methods In this study, discovery cohorts GSE1124-GPL96,...

Abstract Background To understand how Plasmodium falciparum malaria is controlled, it is essential to elucidate the transcriptomic responses of the human host in naturally-exposed populations. Various individual studies of the human transcriptomic responses to naturally transmitted P. falciparum infections have been reported with varying results. Multicohort gene expression analysis by aggregating data from diverse populations into a single analysis will increase the reproducibility and reliability of the results. Methods In this study, discovery cohorts GSE1124-GPL96,...

Abstract Background Among critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), earlier initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) may mitigate fluid accumulation and confer better outcomes among individuals with greater fluid overload at randomization. Methods We conducted a pre-planned post hoc analysis of the STandard versus Accelerated initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy in Acute Kidney Injury (STARRT-AKI) trial. We evaluated the effect of accelerated RRT initiation on cumulative fluid balance over the course of 14...

Abstract Background The Accelerating Innovation for Mothers (AIM) project established a database of candidate medicines in research and development (R&D) between 2000 and 2021 for five pregnancy-related conditions, including pre-eclampsia. In parallel, we published target product profiles (TPPs) that describe optimal characteristics of medicines for use in preventing/treating pre-eclampsia. The study objective was to use systematic double screening and extraction to identify all candidate medicines being investigated for pre-eclampsia prevention/treatment and rank their potential based...

Abstract Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), especially intestinal aGVHD, is one of the most severe complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been applied to the treatment of intestinal steroid-refractory aGVHD (SR-aGVHD). Ruxolitinib is the first drug recommended for SR-aGVHD. Here, we reported the outcome data from 21 patients who had received the combined treatment of FMT with ruxolitinib as a salvage treatment in intestinal SR-aGVHD after HSCT. The overall...

Abstract Background Shenmai injection (SMI), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injection prepared from Red ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus, is widely used in clinics to treat chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. Similar to other TCM injections, SMI contains a high amount of carbohydrates (fructose, sucrose, and maltose) in addition to the bioactive substances, specifically ginsenosides (Rg1, Re, and Rb1). To date, the role of these carbohydrates in the hematopoietic function of SMI remains unclear. Purpose We aimed to investigate...

Abstract Background The molecular mechanism of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is not completely clear, which leads to poor prognosis and treatment difficulties for LSCC patients. To date, no study has reported the exact expression level of zinc finger protein 71 (ZNF71) and its molecular mechanism in LSCC. Methods In-house immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining (33 LSCC samples and 29 non-LSCC samples) was utilized in analyzing the protein expression level of ZNF71 in LSCC. Gene chips and...

Abstract Background The tumour microenvironment and cirrhotic liver are excellent sources of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which participate in carcinogenesis. Thus, it is important to clarify the crosstalk between CAFs and HCC cells and the related mechanism in regulating carcinogenesis. Methods Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues were obtained from HCC patients. Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting (WB) and RT–qPCR were performed to detect the expression of SCUBE1. The roles of SCUBE1 in inducing...

Manipulating the polarization state of terahertz waves is critical for terahertz communication systems. In this study, a terahertz band polarization conversion metasurface based on dislocation-induced anisotropy is proposed. Numerical simulation results revealed that the polarization conversion of orthogonal linearly polarized light, left and right circularly polarized light, linearly polarized light to circularly polarized light, and circularly polarized light to linearly polarized light can be realized. Furthermore, the simulation revealed that multifunctional polarization conversion can be...

Purpose:Sorafenib is recommended for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma refractory to transarterial chemoembolization but with unsatisfactory overall survival and tumor response rate. Previously published studies showed hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy of oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin was an effective and safe treatment. The aims of this study were to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin-based hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with sorafenib in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma refractory to transarterial chemoembolization. Methods: This...

Abstract Background Exome sequencing (ES) is becoming more widely available in prenatal diagnosis. However, data on its clinical utility and integration into clinical management remain limited in practice. Herein, we report our experience implementing prenatal ES (pES) in a large cohort of fetuses with anomalies detected by ultrasonography using a hospital-based in-house multidisciplinary team (MDT) facilitated by a three-step genotype-driven followed by phenotype-driven analysis framework. Methods We performed pES in 1618 fetal cases with positive...

Supplementary data to Entry of the antipsychotic drug, olanzapine, into the developing rat brain in mono- and

Monash Q Project’s Q Suites are sets of resources & insights for educators on research evidence use.
This Q Suite showcases data findings from two Q Project surveys conducted between March 2020 and September 2021 with 906 respondents.
It focused on the theme of effective school infrastructure for quality research use.
Collection contains:
• Q Conversation – resource to promote discussion and reflection about research evidence use
• Q Data Insights...

Abstract Background Smokeless tobacco use is popular in some regions worldwide, but it receives less attention compared to cigarette smoking. We aimed to estimate the recent prevalence of, and trends in, smokeless tobacco use and to examine its associated factors among adolescents aged 12–16 years in 138 countries/territories (hereafter “countries”) from 1999 to 2019. Methods Data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey conducted in 138 countries in 2010–2019 and the National Youth Tobacco Survey conducted...

The study explored the clinical efficacy of a type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor (PDE5i) combined with Ziyin Baihuo granules in the treatment of patients suffering from erectile dysfunction (ED) with yin deficiency and fire-hyperactivity syndrome. A total of 163 patients with erectile dysfunction were divided into observation and control groups. The observation group took tadalafil (Cialis) and Ziyin Baihuo granules orally, and the control group took only tadalafil orally, for 12 weeks. An additional 40 healthy...

The study explored the clinical efficacy of a type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor (PDE5i) combined with Ziyin Baihuo granules in the treatment of patients suffering from erectile dysfunction (ED) with yin deficiency and fire-hyperactivity syndrome. A total of 163 patients with erectile dysfunction were divided into observation and control groups. The observation group took tadalafil (Cialis) and Ziyin Baihuo granules orally, and the control group took only tadalafil orally, for 12 weeks. An additional 40 healthy...

The prevalence of eCCI (electronic customer-to-customer interaction) is rapidly growing as customers increasingly employ online tools to reach fellow customers and voice their opinions, especially after service failures. Adopting a quasi-experimental design, this research examines the impact of eCCI on restaurant customers, considering their need for approval. A total of 201 responses were obtained for the main experiment (Study 1). Results indicated that people with a lower need for approval reported greater social media engagement,...

Abstract Background Bodily pain is a common presentation in several chronic diseases, yet the influence of sedentary behaviour, common in ageing adults, is unclear. Television-viewing (TV) time is a ubiquitous leisure-time sedentary behaviour, with a potential contribution to the development of bodily pain. We examined bodily pain trajectories and the longitudinal relationships of TV time with the bodily pain severity; and further, the potential moderation of the relationships by type 2 diabetes (T2D) status. Method...

Substance use is a risk factor for being both a perpetrator and a victim of violence. The aim of this systematic review was to report the prevalence of acute pre-injury substance use in patients with violence-related injuries. Systematic searches were used to identify observational studies that included patients aged ≥15 years presenting to hospital after violence-related injuries and used objective toxicology measures to report prevalence of acute pre-injury substance use. Studies were grouped based on...

Substance use is a risk factor for being both a perpetrator and a victim of violence. The aim of this systematic review was to report the prevalence of acute pre-injury substance use in patients with violence-related injuries. Systematic searches were used to identify observational studies that included patients aged ≥15 years presenting to hospital after violence-related injuries and used objective toxicology measures to report prevalence of acute pre-injury substance use. Studies were grouped based on...