Host and parasite evolution are closely intertwined, with selection for adaptations and counter-adaptations forming a coevolutionary feedback loop. Coevolutionary dynamics are often difficult to intuit due to these feedbacks and are hard to demonstrate empirically in most systems. Theoretical models have therefore played a crucial role in shaping our understanding of host-parasite coevolution. Theoretical models vary widely in their assumptions, approaches and aims, and such variety makes it difficult, especially for non-theoreticians and those new...

Parental care can enhance offspring survival but may impose significant costs to parents. The costs and benefits of care are key to understanding patterns of parental care, where parents can benefit by having their partner increase investment in care, while reducing their own effort. However, investigating the costs and benefits of parental care in wild populations is challenging. Here we use highly detailed behavioural observations in families of a small shorebird, where one parent frequently...

Additional file 6: Fig S6. Standard Plot for ALA measurement. x: the absorbance at 554 nm; y: ALA concentration of sample after diluted (mg/L).

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can target cardiomyocytes (CMs) to directly invade the heart resulting in high mortality. This study aims to explore the biological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infected myocardium based on omics by collecting transcriptome data and analyzing them with a series of bioinformatics tools. Totally, 86 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered in SARS-CoV-2 infected CMs, and 15 miRNAs were discovered to target 60 genes. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these...

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can target cardiomyocytes (CMs) to directly invade the heart resulting in high mortality. This study aims to explore the biological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infected myocardium based on omics by collecting transcriptome data and analyzing them with a series of bioinformatics tools. Totally, 86 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered in SARS-CoV-2 infected CMs, and 15 miRNAs were discovered to target 60 genes. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these...

Body size is an important species trait, correlating with lifespan, fecundity, and other ecological factors. Over Earth’s geological history, climate shifts have occurred, potentially shaping body size evolution in many clades. General rules attempting to summarize body size evolution include Bergmann’s rule, which states that species grow to larger sizes in cooler environments and smaller sizes in warmer environments; and Cope’s rule, which poses that lineages tend to increase in size over evolutionary time. Tetraodontiform...

Additional file 6: Table S1. The primer sequences uesd in RT-qPCR.

1. Indices of morphological disparity seek to summarise the highly multivariate morphological variation across groups of species within clades, time bins or other groups. Morphological variation can be quantified using geometric morphometric, outline or surface-based methods. These are most effective when morphological differences are relatively modest and there are numerous ubiquitous landmarks and phase-aligned features of shape variation. The most disparate samples, such as those across classes and phyla, typically necessitate the use of discrete...

Additional file 5. Standardised features.

In this work, the asymmetric weld fusion geometry in oscillating laser beam welding (OLBW) of aluminium alloy was reported and investigated using a numerical approach. A multi-physics heat transfer and fluid flow model of OLBW was developed and validated with the corresponding experimental results. The weld fusion geometry, temperature fields, and fluid flow behaviours for four commonly used oscillation modes, line, circle, eight, and infinity, were calculated to analyse the origin of the asymmetric weld...

Nucleomodulins are secreted bacterial proteins whose molecular targets are located in host cell nuclei. They are gaining attention as critical virulence factors that either modify the epigenetics of host cells or directly regulate host gene expression. Mycoplasma bovis is a major veterinary pathogen that secretes several potential virulence factors. The aim of this study was to determine whether any of their secreted proteins might function as nucleomodulins. After an initial in silico screening, the nuclear...

Additional file 2. Correlation values exceed the Pearson pairwise correlation coefficient threshold of 0.4.

Additional file 6: Table S1. The primer sequences uesd in RT-qPCR.

Nucleomodulins are secreted bacterial proteins whose molecular targets are located in host cell nuclei. They are gaining attention as critical virulence factors that either modify the epigenetics of host cells or directly regulate host gene expression. Mycoplasma bovis is a major veterinary pathogen that secretes several potential virulence factors. The aim of this study was to determine whether any of their secreted proteins might function as nucleomodulins. After an initial in silico screening, the nuclear...

Additional file 3. NAD dataset.

Additional file 1. Correlation among the features.

Additional file 3. NAD dataset.

This dataset contains data of experiments underlying the work presented in the linked Ecological Engineering journal publication (DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2022.106621). Source code for the DRAM model (written in R) can be found in a separate repository (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6375587).

In this work, the asymmetric weld fusion geometry in oscillating laser beam welding (OLBW) of aluminium alloy was reported and investigated using a numerical approach. A multi-physics heat transfer and fluid flow model of OLBW was developed and validated with the corresponding experimental results. The weld fusion geometry, temperature fields, and fluid flow behaviours for four commonly used oscillation modes, line, circle, eight, and infinity, were calculated to analyse the origin of the asymmetric weld...

Additional file 6: Fig S6. Standard Plot for ALA measurement. x: the absorbance at 554 nm; y: ALA concentration of sample after diluted (mg/L).

The dataset present assumptions and results for the papers "Mapping material use and embodied carbon in the UK construction'' and "Modelling the embodied carbon cost of UK domestic building construction: Today to 2050"

Additional file 2. Correlation values exceed the Pearson pairwise correlation coefficient threshold of 0.4.

Additional file 5. Standardised features.

Additional file 1. Correlation among the features.

Additional file 1.