Background: Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have made great progress. However, whether tube baby born after ART were at an increased risk of birth defects is not clear. Objective: To assess whether the ART increases the risk of birth defects in children born after ART. Search strategy: Medline, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Selection criteria: Clinical trials that evaluate the risk of birth defect in children born after in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm...

1. Nitrogen (N) deposition and land-use practice (e.g. mowing) could have profound effects on soil respiration. However, the changes in other ecosystem components, such as plant functional groups (PFGs), may control soil carbon (C) efflux response to long term global change. 2. A 10-year (2005-2014) field experiment was conducted with both N addition (10g N m-2 yr-1) and mowing (once a year) in a northern Chinese temperate grassland. We collected continuous data on soil respiration...

Background: Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have made great progress. However, whether tube baby born after ART were at an increased risk of birth defects is not clear. Objective: To assess whether the ART increases the risk of birth defects in children born after ART. Search strategy: Medline, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Selection criteria: Clinical trials that evaluate the risk of birth defect in children born after in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm...

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) infection causes acute enteritis in swine of all ages, and especially in suckling piglets. Small intestinal inflammation is considered a central event in the pathogenesis of TGEV infections, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a key transcription factor in the inflammatory response. However, it is unclear whether NF-κB is crucial for inducing inflammation during a TGEV infection. Our results show that NF-κB was activated in swine testicular (ST) cells and intestinal...

Rodent damage is a serious threat to sustainable management of grassland. The effects of nitrogen (N) deposition and grassland management on rodent damage have been scarcely studied. Here, we reported the effects of two years of N addition and mowing on burrow density and damage area of Citellus dauricus in a semi-arid steppe in Inner Mongolia. N addition significantly aggravated, while mowing alleviated rodent damage in the grassland under study. Burrow density and damage area...

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) infection causes acute enteritis in swine of all ages, and especially in suckling piglets. Small intestinal inflammation is considered a central event in the pathogenesis of TGEV infections, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a key transcription factor in the inflammatory response. However, it is unclear whether NF-κB is crucial for inducing inflammation during a TGEV infection. Our results show that NF-κB was activated in swine testicular (ST) cells and intestinal...