Protozoan predation has been demonstrated to be a strong driving force for bacterial defence strategies in the environment. Our previous study demonstrated that Aeromonas hydrophila NJ-35, which evolved small-colony variants (SCVs), displayed various adaptive traits in response to Tetrahymena thermophila predation, such as enhanced phage resistance. However, the evolutionary mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we performed a genome- and transcriptome-wide analysis of the SCV1, representing one strain of the SCVs, for identification of...

Nucleomodulins are secreted bacterial proteins whose molecular targets are located in host cell nuclei. They are gaining attention as critical virulence factors that either modify the epigenetics of host cells or directly regulate host gene expression. Mycoplasma bovis is a major veterinary pathogen that secretes several potential virulence factors. The aim of this study was to determine whether any of their secreted proteins might function as nucleomodulins. After an initial in silico screening, the nuclear...

Numerous viruses manipulate host factors for viral production. We demonstrated that human enterovirus A71 (EVA71), a primary causative agent for hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), increased the level of the DNA damage response (DDR) marker γ-H2AX. DDR is primarily mediated by the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), ATM and Rad3-related (ATR), or DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) pathways. Upregulation of γ-H2AX by EVA71 was dependent on the ATR but not the ATM or DNA-PK pathway. As...

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the injuries of spleen and intestinal immune system induced by 2 Gy 60Co γ ray in mice. Materials and methods: A total of 120 Balb/c mice were randomly divided into two groups: blank control (Ctrl) and model (IR). The IR mice were exposed to a single dose of total body irradiation (2 Gy, dose rate: 1 Gy/min) and sacrificed on 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th and...

Human placenta is key to fetal growth and development as it controls maternal-to-fetal exchanges of endogenous and exogenous substances. Despite numerous studies have investigated prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals and associated effects on adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), the role of placenta as a direct target of environmental chemicals and possible driver of pre- and postnatal effects has been largely overlooked. In the present work, we demonstrated that more than 330 environmental chemicals have been reported...

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pulmonary artery denervation (PADN) can reduce the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, reduce pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), and improve the quality of life in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). We conducted a systematic meta-analysis of the effectiveness of PADN in the treatment of PH patients. Methods: This is a comprehensive literature search including all public clinical trials investigating the effects of PADN on PH. Outcomes were mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), pulmonary vascular...

Data underlying the article: "Ultrahigh Dynamic Range and Low Noise Figure Programmable Integrated Microwave Photonic Filter". The data set consists of several different measurement results for the modulation transformer, double injection ring resonator, and microwave photonic filter responses as published in the resource article. All data is stored in files using the CSV-format. The set is structered to give the data per figure (subfigure), where each subfigure has a folder containing a README-file describing the...

Data underlying the article: "Ultrahigh Dynamic Range and Low Noise Figure Programmable Integrated Microwave Photonic Filter". The data set consists of several different measurement results for the modulation transformer, double injection ring resonator, and microwave photonic filter responses as published in the resource article. All data is stored in files using the CSV-format. The set is structured to give the data per figure (subfigure), where each subfigure has a folder containing a README-file describing the...

Ambient PM2.5 is one of the environmental risk factors and was correlated with senescence-related diseases based on the epidemiologic investigation. However, little is known about senescence induced by PM2.5 as well as the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure aggravated cellular senescence in vivo and in vitro, and disrupted micronuclei (MN) played a vital role in this process. Our results suggested that the nuclear envelope (NE) of PM2.5-induced MN was ruptured....

Additional file 6 Table S1. Browse interactions in tabular form.

Additional file 3: Table S2. The changes of metabolite levels upon methionine restriction in livers of HCC mouce models.

Bats are reservoir hosts for various zoonotic viruses with pandemdic potential in humans and livestock. In vitro systems for studying bat host–pathogen interactions are of significant interest. Here, we establish protocols to generate bat airway organoids (AOs) and airway epithelial cells differentiated at the air–liquid interface (ALI-AECs) from tracheal tissues of the cave-nectar bat Eonycteris spelaea. In particular, we describe steps which enable laboratories that do not have access to live bats to perform extended...

Additional file 2: Table S2. List of total circRNAs detected in the DRG of NC and CCI rats. RNA-seq was performed to profile circRNA expression in four paired DRG samples. A total of 13,172 circRNAs were detected in the L4–L5 DRG samples from the CCI and NC groups (4 mice per group).

Additional file 3: Table S3. List of DEcircRNAs were identified between the CCI and NC groups. Following differential expression analysis, 374 DEcircRNAs were identified between the CCI and NC groups (4 mice per group) by using FC filtering (FC ≥ 2 or ≤ 0.5) and FDR (Q < 0.001).

Additional file 4: Table S4. List of circRNAs and miRNA predicted by using miRanda and TargetScan. Potential connections between circRNAs and microRNAs were predicted by using TargetScan and miRanda, and the interaction results were displayed by Cytoscape. All the circRNAs and miRNAs were listed.

Osteosarcoma (OS) accounts for 9 percent of cancer-related deaths in young people. The PI3K/Akt signaling, a well-known carcinogenic signaling pathway in human cancer, cooperates with other signaling pathways such as Wnt signaling to promote cancer progression. Wnt7b, as a transforming member of the Wnt family, could activate mTORC1 through PI3K-AKT signaling and is upregulated in OS. In the present study, we found that miR-342-5p inhibits Wnt7b expression via direct binding to Wnt7b 3′-UTR. miR-342-5p overexpression...

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the common malignancy of the bile tract system with extremely poor clinical outcomes, owing to its metastatic property and intrinsic resistance to the first-line drugs. Although it is well-established that cholesterol abnormity contributes to gallstone formation, a leading risk factor for GBC, the link of cholesterol homeostasis with GBC has not been investigated. The present study systematically examined the genes implicated in cholesterol homeostasis, and revealed altered gene expressions of de...

Additional file 1: Supplementary Figures. The full-length blots of WB in Fig. 5B. Whole-cell extracts were resolved on 10% SDS-PAGE by bio-rad Mini-PROTEAN with 10 sample Wells (1Marker, 2space, 3Blank group, 4CSP I-plus group, 5Endostar group, 6rES-CSP group, 7rES-CSP+ heparin group, 8DDP group, 9space, 10Marker), and then electrotransferred onto a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane (Millipore). The membranes were then probed with respective primary antibodies against VEGFA, MMP2, integrinβ1, and E-cadherin procured from Abcam, β-actin from...

Additional file 1.

Additional file 2: Table S1-S15. Supplementary tables.

This file provides the data for figures in this paper, as well as the code that generates the data.

Additional file 2: Table S2. Differential promoter coverage genes and GO, KEGG enrichment analysis results of differential genes for pregnant women with trisomy 21.

Whether long non-coding RNA Mir-99a-Let-7c Cluster Host Gene (LncRNA MIR99AHG) is involved in osteoporosis (OP) remains vague, so we hereby center on its implication. Old C57BL/6J mice were injected with the silencing lentivirus of MIR99AHG and subjected to microCT analysis and immunohistochemistry on osteogenic cells. The osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with or without transfection was determined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red S staining. Total N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) on the...

Supplementary Material 1

Additional file 5.