An. stephensi, an efficient malaria vector in parts of Asia and Africa, was observed in 75.3% of water sources surveyed, and contributed to 80.9% of wild-caught Anopheles mosquitoes in Awash Sebat Kilo, Ethiopia. High susceptibility of these mosquitoes to Plasmodium falciparum and vivax infection presents a challenge for malaria control in the Horn of Africa. This study was conducted in Awash Sebat Kilo, Ethiopia, an area of perennial malaria transmission, from April to September 2019....

Read v2 codes for diagnoses of asthma, or recording that a previous diagnosis of asthma had resolved (resolved=1). For this project, the definition was designed to follow national guidance on indications for influenza vaccination, namely: Asthma that requires continuous or repeated use of inhaled or systemic steroids or with previous exacerbations requiring hospital admission. Individuals were defined as having asthma if there was a code for asthma at any time before the index date AND...

Brazil currently has one of the fastest growing SARS-CoV-2 epidemics in the world. Owing to limited available data, assessments of the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on virus spread remain challenging. Using a mobility-driven transmission model, we show that NPIs reduced the reproduction number from >3 to 1–1.6 in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Sequencing of 427 new genomes and analysis of a geographically representative genomic dataset identified >100 international virus introductions in Brazil....

The MAISHA study (component A) is a mixed-methods evaluation, including a cluster randomised trial (CRT), of a small group based social empowerment intervention to prevent intimate partner violence (IPV) against women in Mwanza city, Tanzania. The trial was conducted among women already participating in a group-based microfinance scheme, with the microfinance group being the unit of randomisation and (in the intervention arm) the unit of intervention delivery. The CRT involved two surveys of trial participants...

Read v2 codes for diagnoses of diabetes mellitus, or codes indicating that diabetes mellitus had resolved. For this project, patients were considered to have diabetes if they had a diabetes diagnosis ever recorded and the latest diabetes code prior to the index date did not have a 'resolved' flag.