Additional file 3: R documentation of changepoint functions.

The dataset details global positioning system (GPS) locations and elevations recorded for 1323 sampling sites across UK saltmarshes. Between 2018 and 2021, soil was sampled at 1323 locations as part of the Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environments (C-SIDE) project to facilitate the calculation of saltmarsh soil organic carbon stocks and burial rates. Sites were chosen to represent contrasting habitat types in the UK, in particular sediment types, vegetation and sea level history. The work was...

Additional file 5. Statistical analysis results for Figs. 2o, 3a, b, c, d, f, 4a, b, d, 5o, p, q, 6s, t, u, and Additional file 1: Figs. S1M, S4A-B, S7, S8, and S9.

Additional file 3: Table S2. Enriched signaling pathways in endocrine hypertension.

Additional file 6: Table S6. Methylome-based estimation of blood cell composition.

Natural habitats in urban areas provide benefits for both humans and biodiversity. However, to achieve biodiversity gains we require new techniques to determine habitat suitability and ecological connectivity that will inform urban planning and development. Using an example of an urban population of water voles (Arvicola amphibius) we developed a habitat suitability model and a resistance-surface-based model of landscape connectivity to identify potential connectivity between areas of suitable habitat. We then updated the environmental variables...

Parental age at reproduction influences offspring size and survival by affecting pre- and postnatal conditions in a wide variety of species, including humans. However, most investigations into this manifestation of ageing focus upon maternal age effects; the effects of paternal age and interactions between maternal and paternal age are often neglected. Furthermore, even when maternal age effects are studied, pre- and postnatal effects are often confounded. Using a cross-fostered experimental design, we investigated the joint...

Additional file 2: Appendix SI. pXRF results.

Telomere dynamics could underlie life-history trade-offs among growth, size, and longevity, but our ability to quantify such processes in natural, unmanipulated populations is limited. We investigated how 4 years of artificial selection for either larger or smaller tarsus length, a proxy for body size, affected early-life telomere length (TL) and several components of fitness in two insular populations of wild house sparrows over a study period of 11 years. The artificial selection was expected to...

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To compare the death counts from three sources of information on mortality available in Brazil in 2010, the Mortality Information System (SIM - Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade ), Civil Registration Statistic System (RC - Sistema de Estatísticas de Resgistro Civil ), and the 2010 Demographic Census at various geographical levels, and to confirm the association between municipal socioeconomic characteristics and the source which showed the highest death count. METHODS This is a...

To better understand vector-borne disease dynamics, knowledge of the ecological interactions between animal hosts, vectors and pathogens is needed. The effects of hosts on disease hazard depends on their role in driving vector abundance and their ability to transmit pathogens. Theoretically, a host that cannot transmit a pathogen could dilute pathogen prevalence but increase disease hazard if it increases vector population size. In the case of Lyme disease, caused by Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. and vectored...

Body size mediates life history, physiology, and inter- and intra-specific interactions. Within species, sexes frequently differ in size, reflecting divergent selective pressures and/or constraints. Both sexual selection and differences in environmentally-mediated reproductive constraints can drive sexual size dimorphism, but empirically testing causes of dimorphism is challenging. Manakins (Pipridae), a family of Neotropical birds comprising ~50 species, exhibit both male- and female-biased size dimorphism and are distributed across gradients of precipitation and elevation. Males perform courtship...

Additional file 2: Appendix SI. pXRF results.

Additional file 4. Raw data for Figs. 2o, 3a, b, c, d, f, 4a, b, d, 5o, p, q, 6s, t, u, and Additional file 1: Figs. S1M, S3, S4A-B, S7, S8, and S9.

Additional file 3: R documentation of changepoint functions.

Artificial light at night (ALAN) is increasingly recognised as a disruptive form of environmental pollution, impacting many physiological and behavioural processes that may scale up to population and community-level effects. Mounting evidence from animal studies show that the severity and type of the impact depends on the wavelength and intensity of ALAN. This knowledge has been instrumental for informing policy-making and planning for wildlife-friendly illumination. However, most of this evidence comes from terrestrial habitats, while...

Additional file 2: Table S1. Differentially methylated CpG sites in endocrine hypertension.

Additional file 3: Table S2. Enriched signaling pathways in endocrine hypertension.

Additional file 4: Table S3. Significant differentially methylated genes in endocrine hypertension.

Additional file 5: Table S5. Sample characteristics.

Additional file 5: Table S5. Sample characteristics.

Additional file 6: Table S6. Methylome-based estimation of blood cell composition.

Given the threat of climate change to biodiversity, a growing number of studies are investigating the potential for organisms to adapt to rising temperatures. Earlier work has predicted that physiological adaptation to climate change will be accompanied by a shift in temperature preferences, but empirical evidence for this is lacking. Here, we test whether exposure to different thermal environments has led to changes in preferred temperatures in the wild. Our study takes advantage of a...

Becoming a mother is a profound moment of personal change which ties us to the past, the future and to each other. Yet what it means to be a mother is changing and fragmenting in line with women's increased participation in work and education. The Making of Modern Motherhoods project investigates how women negotiate mothering identities over generations and time. We combined longitudinal and cross-generational research designs to capture interplay of historical, generational and biographical...

Clumped isotope data of high-pH anthropogenic carbonate deposits, reported as part-per thousand (per-mille, ‰) relative to international reference materials, and temperatures in degrees Celsius (˚C). Data are acquired from individual layers within carbonate samples. These tufas were collected from the Howden Burn, a stream in Consett, County Durham, Northeast England. Tufa hand specimen samples were acquired from Consett in October 2017. Isotope data were acquired in the Qatar Stable Isotope Laboratory at Imperial College London...