The degree to which closely related species interbreed is determined by a complex interaction of ecological, behavioral, and genetic factors. We examine the degree of interbreeding between two woodrat species, Neotoma bryanti and N. lepida, at a sharp ecological transition. We identify the ecological association of each genotypic class, assess the opportunity for mating between these groups, and test whether they have similar patterns of year-to-year persistence on our study site. We find that 13%...

Understanding interactions between environmental stress and genetic variation is crucial to predict the adaptive capacity of species to climate change. Leaf temperature is both a driver and a responsive indicator of plant physiological response to thermal stress, and methods to monitor it are needed. Foliar temperatures vary across leaf to canopy scales and are influenced by genetic factors, challenging efforts to map and model this critical variable. Thermal imagery collected using unoccupied aerial systems (UAS)...

This data set includes raw RGB (red, green, blue) and multispectral (5-band) digital imagery and processed data products collected 2022-06-29 within the lower Dry Creek watershed within the 1988-STEWART and 1996-EIGHTH STREET wildfire boundaries (FireCode: ID4368311615219880802 and ID4366611613519960826, respectively, Welty and Jeffries 2020) near Boise Idaho, approximately 20 minutes from Boise off Bogus Basin Road. We used a DJI Mavic 2 Pro with Hasselblad 20MP sensor (RGB) with Map Pilot Pro software and DJI Phantom...

This data set includes raw RGB (red, green, blue) and multispectral (5-band) digital imagery and processed data products (dense point cloud, orthophoto, DSM) collected 2022-06-03 at the 1996-COYOTE BUTTE wildfire boundary (FireCode: ID4336711639119960730, Welty and Jeffries 2020) near Initial Point Kuna Idaho. We used a DJI Mavic 2 Pro with Hasselblad 20MP sensor (RGB) with Map Pilot Pro software and DJI Phantom 4 Multispectral sensor (5 band) with DJI GS Pro software to capture imagery...

This data set includes raw RGB (red, green, blue) and multispectral (5-band) digital imagery and processed data products (dense point cloud, orthophoto, DSM) collected 2022-05-24 within the 2005-NORTH HAM wildfire boundary (FireCode: ID4299311546620050621, Welty and Jeffries 2020) near Hammett Idaho. We used a DJI Mavic 2 Pro with Hasselblad 20MP sensor (RGB) with Map Pilot Pro software and DJI Phantom 4 Multispectral sensor (5 band) with DJI GS Pro software to capture imagery over the...

Chromosomal rearrangements may directly cause hybrid sterility and can facilitate speciation by preserving local adaptation in the face of gene flow. We used comparative linkage mapping with shared gene-based markers to identify potential chromosomal rearrangements between the sister monkeyflowers Mimulus lewisii and M. cardinalis, which are textbook examples of ecological speciation. We then re-mapped quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for floral traits and flowering time (pre-mating isolation) and hybrid sterility (post-zygotic isolation). We identified three major...

Pocatello, Idaho historical orthomosaic for 1975 was created by collecting, scanning, merging and georectifying historic photography of Pocatello. The total spatial error is less than 1 meter. These historical orthomosaic images were derived using SfM (Structure-from-motion photogrammetry). SfM uses a series of overlapping images aligned to form a 3D representation. Classification resulted in raster and vector data with discrete classes grouped into objects located in the urban corridor of Pocatello. High-resolution aerial photography of the...

Invasive species represent excellent opportunities to study the evolutionary potential of traits important to success in novel environments. Although some ecologically-important traits have been identified in invasive species, little is typically known about the genetic mechanisms that underlie invasion success in non-model species. Here, we use a genome-wide association (GWAS) approach to identify the genetic basis of trait variation in the non-model, invasive, diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa Lam. [Asteraceae]). To assist with this analysis, we...

This dataset documents the measurements accompanying the figures in Parker & Pearson, 2021 (Pre-thrusting stratigraphic control on the transition from a thin- to thick-skinned structural style: an example from the double-decker Idaho-Montana fold-thrust belt).

Stream habitat data utilized for Redband Trout habitat monitoring, habitat suitability modeling, and bioenergetics modeling at Big Jacks, Duncan, Little Jacks, Upper Mann and Keithly Creeks Idaho USA. All streams except Little Jacks Creek have three-100 meter sampling reaches (Low, Mid, High); Little Jacks Creek only has two-100 meter sampling reaches (Low and High). Each sampling reach contains 11-cross sectional transects spaced at 10 meter intervals to calculate discharge. Measurements of water depth (cm) and...

Population sex ratio is an important metric for wildlife management and conservation, but estimates can be difficult to obtain, particularly for sexually monomorphic species or for species that differ in detection probability between the sexes. Noninvasive genetic sampling (NGS) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become a common method for identifying sex from sources such as hair, feathers, or feces, and is a potential source for estimating sex ratio. If, however, PCR success is sex-biased,...

Pocatello, Idaho historical orthomosaic for 1959 was created by collecting, scanning, merging and georectifying historic photography of Pocatello. The total spatial error is less than 1 meter. These historical orthomosaic images were derived using SfM (Structure-from-motion photogrammetry). SfM uses a series of overlapping images aligned to form a 3D representation. Classification resulted in raster and vector data with discrete classes grouped into objects located in the urban corridor of Pocatello. High-resolution aerial photography of the...

Networks of direct and indirect biotic interactions underpin the complex dynamics and stability of ecological systems, yet experimental and theoretical studies often yield conflicting evidence regarding the direction (positive or negative) or magnitude of these interactions. We revisited pioneering datasets collected at the deciduous forested Horonai Stream and conducted ecosystem-level syntheses to demonstrate that the direction of direct and indirect interactions can change depending on the timescale of observation. Prior experimental studies showed that terrestrial...

This data set includes raw RGB (red, green, blue) and multispectral (5-band) digital imagery and processed data products (dense point cloud, orthophoto, DSM) collected 2022-06-30 from two sites within the 2015-SODA wildfire boundary (FireCode: ID4311811696020150810, Welty and Jeffries 2020) spanning the Oregon/Idaho border adjacent to US Highway-95. We used a DJI Mavic 2 Pro with Hasselblad 20MP sensor (RGB) with Map Pilot Pro software and DJI Phantom 4 Multispectral sensor (5 band) with DJI GS...

This data set includes raw digital RGB (red, green, blue) and multispectral (5-band) imagery and processed data products collected 2022-05-20 at the 1991-BF3 wildfire boundary (FireCode: ID4367211616519910731, Welty and Jeffries 2020) near Boise Idaho, approximately 0.25 miles up from the Corrals Trailhead off Bogus Basin Road. We used a DJI Mavic 2 Pro with Hasselblad 20MP sensor (RGB) with Map Pilot Pro software and DJI Phantom 4 Multispectral sensor (5 band) with DJI GS Pro...

These data were used in a paper accepted in Ecological Monographs on 17 September 2019, entitled "Spatiotemporal patterns of microbial composition and diversity in precipitation", hereafter Aho et al. (in press). Microbes in the atmosphere have broad ecological impacts, including the potential to trigger precipitation through species and strains that act as ice nucleation particles. To characterize spatiotemporal trends of microbial assemblages in precipitation we sequenced 16S (bacterial) and 18S (fungal) rRNA gene amplicon libraries...

Pocatello, Idaho historical orthomosaic for 1963 was created by collecting, scanning, merging and georectifying historic photography of Pocatello. The total spatial error is less than 1 meter. These historical orthomosaic images were derived using SfM (Structure-from-motion photogrammetry). SfM uses a series of overlapping images aligned to form a 3D representation. Classification resulted in raster and vector data with discrete classes grouped into objects located in the urban corridor of Pocatello. High-resolution aerial photography of the...

Temporal changes in net energy balance of animals strongly influence fitness; consequently, natural selection should favor behaviors that increase net energy balance by buffering individuals against negative effects of environmental variation. The relative importance of behavioral responses to climate-induced variation in costs versus supplies of energy, however, is uncertain, as is the degree to which such responses are mediated by current stores of energy. We evaluated relationships among behavior, nutritional condition (i.e., energetic state), and...

Introgression is arguably one of the most important biological processes in the evolution of groups of related species, affecting at least 10% of the extant species in the animal kingdom. Introgression reduces genetic divergence between species, and in some cases can be highly beneficial, facilitating rapid adaptation to ever-changing environmental pressures. Introgression also significantly impacts inference of phylogenetic species relationships where a strictly binary tree model cannot adequately explain reticulate net-like species relationships. Here we...

Many aquatic invertebrates are declining or facing extinction from stressors that compromise physiology, resource consumption, reproduction, and phenology. However, the influence of these common stressors specifically on consumer-resource interactions for aquatic invertebrate consumers is only beginning to be understood. We conducted a field study to investigate Pteronarcys californica (i.e., the ‘giant salmonfly’), a large-bodied insect that is ecologically and culturally significant to rivers throughout the western U.S. We sampled gut contents and polyunsaturated fatty acid...

Plant communities are composed of complex phenotypes that not only differ among taxonomic groups and habitats but also change over time within a species. Restoration projects (e.g., translocations, reseeding) can introduce new functional variation in plants, which further diversifies phenotypes and complicates our ability to identify locally adaptive phenotypes for future restoration. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers one approach to detect the chemical phenotypes that differentiate plant species, populations, and phenological states of individual plants over...

Stream temperature data utilized for Redband Trout habitat monitoring, habitat suitability modeling, and bioenergetics modeling at Big Jacks, Duncan, Little Jacks, Upper Mann and Keithly Creeks Idaho USA. All streams except Little Jacks Creek have three-100 meter sampling reaches (Low, Mid, Top); Little Jacks Creek only has two-100 meter sampling reaches (Low and Top). Temperature data loggers (HOBO Pendant® Temperature/Alarm Data Logger, UA-001-08, Cape Cod, Massachusetts) were deployed in each sample reach and were set...

This data set includes raw RGB (red, green, blue) and multispectral (5-band) digital imagery and processed data products (dense point cloud, orthophoto, DSM) collected 2022-06-15 from two sites within the 2013-PONY COMPLEX wildfire boundary (FireCode: ID4329411554820130809, Welty and Jeffries 2020) near Mountain Home Idaho. We used a DJI Mavic 2 Pro with Hasselblad 20MP sensor (RGB) with Map Pilot Pro software and DJI Phantom 4 Multispectral sensor (5 band) with DJI GS Pro software to...

This data set includes raw RGB (red, green, blue) and multispectral (5-band) digital imagery and processed data products collected 2022-05-25 at the 2010-SOUTH TRAIL wildfire boundary (FireCode: ID4301711528820100724, Welty and Jeffries 2020) near Hammett Idaho, approximately one hour southeast of Boise Idaho off Interstate-84. We used a DJI Mavic 2 Pro with Hasselblad 20MP sensor (RGB) with Map Pilot Pro software and DJI Phantom 4 Multispectral sensor (5 band) with DJI GS Pro software to...

The genus Helicoprion (Chondricthyes: Euchondrocephali) is preserved primarily by a continuous spiral root that forms the base for more than 130 teeth. Helicoprion is found globally in Lower Permian marine rocks and at least 100 specimens exist in public collections worldwide. Ten species of the genus are reviewed in the context of new morphometric analyses conducted on dozens of specimens. Helicoprion whorls share a common inner spiral geometry that results in exponential growth of tooth...