Additional file 4: Table S1. Analysis of Ir and Or subsystem-enriched genes. Annotations of genes enriched in the Ir (magenta) and Or (green) subsystems, as defined as those showing a >4-fold differential expression between amos and ato mutant antennae. This arbitrary cut-off captures all of the known chemosensory receptors expressed in the two subsystems. The dataset was cleaned from the original microarray data (GSE183763) by updating gene names and removing duplicate gene entries and those...

Understanding the trophic ecology of herbivore species is key to assess their environmental requirements and to improve management policies, but measuring their trophic interactions remains challenging. Among the methods available, quantifying the plant composition of a species' diet provides a detailed picture of how species exploit the resources in their environment and their associated niche overlap. Yet, most studies focusing on herbivore trophic ecology ignore the influence that landscape variability may have. Here, we studied...

Additional file 9: Data S1. Gene ontology (GO) term analyses of Or and Ir subsystem-enriched genes. Enriched GO terms for Or subsystem genes (>2-fold more highly expressed in ato versus amos antennae from the microarray analysis) and Ir subsystem genes (>2-fold more highly expressed in amos versus ato antennae), organized by ontology (Process, Function, Component) on different worksheets. Data represent the output from GOrilla [68], including the GO term and gene lists, enrichment terms and...

Additional file 4. Differences and concordance among free-breathing and data-driven gating PET/CT for all radiomics features calculated separately based on pulmonary lesions size. The relative difference in percentage (DIFF%) and the concordance bias coefficient (Cb) are presented for each of the 141 radiomics features derived separately on two lesions groups “big” and “small” depending on their long-axis length < or > median. Non-reproducible features are marked with a star.

Additional file 4. Differences and concordance among free-breathing and data-driven gating PET/CT for all radiomics features calculated separately based on pulmonary lesions size. The relative difference in percentage (DIFF%) and the concordance bias coefficient (Cb) are presented for each of the 141 radiomics features derived separately on two lesions groups “big” and “small” depending on their long-axis length < or > median. Non-reproducible features are marked with a star.

Environmental pseudomonads colonize various niches including insect and plant environments. When invading these environments, bacteria are confronted with the resident microbiota. To cope with closely related strains they deploy narrow-spectrum weaponry such as tailocins, i.e phage tail-like particles. Little is known about the receptors for these tailocins especially among phylogenetically closely related species. Here, we studied the interaction between an R-tailocin from Pseudomonas protegens CHA0 and a targeted kin, Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5. Using genome-wide transposon...

The application of demographic history modelling and inference to the study of divergence between species has become a cornerstone of speciation genomics. Speciation histories are usually reconstructed by analysing single populations from each species, assuming that the inferred population history represents the actual speciation history. However, this assumption may not be met when species diverge with gene flow, e.g., when secondary contact may be confined to specific geographic regions. Here, we tested whether divergence histories...

Teaching is widely understood to have an important role in cultural transmission. But cultural transmission experiments typically do not document or analyse what happens during teaching. Here, we examine the content of teaching during skill transmission under two conditions: in the presence of the artefact (no-displacement condition) and in the absence of the artefact (displacement condition). Participants built baskets from various materials to carry as much rice as possible before teaching the next participant in...

Late Cenozoic climate change led to the progressive aridification of Australia over the past 15 million years. This gradual biome turnover fundamentally changed Australia’s ecosystems, opening new niches and prompting diversification of plants and animals. One example are termites of the Australian Amitermes Group (AAG), consisting of the Australian Amitermes and affiliated genera. Although the most speciose and diverse higher termite group in Australia, little is known about its evolutionary history. We used ancestral range...

Additional file 3. Differences and concordance among free-breathing and data-driven gating PET/CT for all radiomics features calculated separately based on pulmonary lesions localisation. The relative difference in percentage (DIFF%) and the concordance bias coefficient (Cb) are presented for each of the 141 radiomics features derived separately on each group “superior” and “inferior” depending on their anatomical localisation: lesions in the superior lobes versus the inferior regions. Non-reproducible features are marked with a star.

Supergenes are clusters of linked loci that control complex phenotypes, such as alternate forms of social organization in ants. Explaining the long-term maintenance of supergenes is challenging, particularly when the derived haplotype lacks homozygous lethality and causes gene drive. In the Alpine silver ant, Formica selysi, a large and ancient social supergene with two haplotypes, M and P, controls colony social organization. Single-queen colonies only contain MM females, while multi-queen colonies contain MP and PP...

Once considered ‘weird wonders’ of the Cambrian, the emblematic Burgess Shale animals Anomalocaris and Opabinia are now recognized as lower stem group euarthropods and have provided crucial data for constraining the polarity of key morphological characters in the group. Anomalocaris and its relatives (radiodonts) had a worldwide distribution and survived until at least the Devonian. However, despite intense study, Opabinia remains the only formally described opabiniid to date. Here we reinterpret a fossil from the...

Variation in plant sex ratios is often attributable to sex-specific mortality in heterogeneous environments that differentially limit male and female plant reproduction. Yet sexual dimorphism and plastic responses to environmental heterogeneity are common and may co-vary with variation in sex ratios. Here, we show that the sex ratio and the degree of sexual dimorphism for a number of plant traits varied along climatic and elevation gradients in three wind-pollinated dioecious species, Rumex lunaria, Urtica dioica...

We sampled 16 wild lake char (Salvelinus umbla) and used their gametes to investigate the genetic consequences of different mating scenarios. A full-factorial breeding was used to separate additive genetic from maternal environmental effects, and embryos were raised singly after sublethal exposures to a pathogen, a common pollutant, or water only. In all treatment groups, embryo development was strongly reduced with increased genetic relatedness between the parents. Contrary to predictions of ‘good genes’ sexual selection,...

The capacity of natural selection to generate adaptive changes is according to the Fundamental Theorem of Natural Selection proportional to the additive genetic variance in fitness. In spite of its importance for development of new adaptations to a changing environment, processes affecting the magnitude of the genetic variance in fitness-related traits are poorly understood. Here we show that the red-white colour polymorphism in female barn owls is subject to density-dependent selection at the phenotypic and...

Additional file 4: Table S1. Analysis of Ir and Or subsystem-enriched genes. Annotations of genes enriched in the Ir (magenta) and Or (green) subsystems, as defined as those showing a >4-fold differential expression between amos and ato mutant antennae. This arbitrary cut-off captures all of the known chemosensory receptors expressed in the two subsystems. The dataset was cleaned from the original microarray data (GSE183763) by updating gene names and removing duplicate gene entries and those...

Additional file 10: Data S2. Electrophysiological quantifications. Raw spike counts, processed data and statistical comparisons are shown for all electrophysiological experiments, organized by figure panel on different worksheets.

Additional file 1: Table S1-Table S6.

Additional file 1: Table S1-Table S6.

Fire and environmental dataset (2003 - 2019) for Phelps et al. (2022, Global Change Biology). Associated manuscript abstract: Narratives of landscape degradation are often linked to unsustainable fire use by local communities. Madagascar is a case in point: the island is considered globally exceptional, with its remarkable endemic biodiversity seen as threatened by unsustainable anthropogenic fire. Yet, fire regimes on Madagascar have not been empirically characterised or globally contextualised. Here, we apply a comparative approach...

Evolve and resequence’ (E&R) studies in Drosophila melanogaster have identified many candidate loci underlying the evolution of ageing and life history, but experiments that validate the effects of such candidates remain rare. In a recent E&R study we have identified several alleles of the LAMMER kinase Darkener of apricot (Doa) as candidates for evolutionary changes in lifespan and fecundity. Here, we use two complementary approaches to confirm the functional role of Doa in life-history evolution....

Additional file 2. Differences and concordance among free-breathing and data-driven gating PET/CT for all radiomics features. The relative difference in percentage (DIFF%) and the concordance bias coefficient (Cb) are presented for each of the 141 radiomics features as derived from the QuantImage Excel output (see Cid et al. (2017)).

Additional file 3. Differences and concordance among free-breathing and data-driven gating PET/CT for all radiomics features calculated separately based on pulmonary lesions localisation. The relative difference in percentage (DIFF%) and the concordance bias coefficient (Cb) are presented for each of the 141 radiomics features derived separately on each group “superior” and “inferior” depending on their anatomical localisation: lesions in the superior lobes versus the inferior regions. Non-reproducible features are marked with a star.

The population of the Yellow-breasted Bunting Emberiza aureola, a formerly widely distributed and abundant songbird of northern Eurasia, suffered a catastrophic decline and a strong range contraction between 1980 and 2013. There is evidence that the decline was driven by illegal trapping during migration, but potential contributions of other factors to the decline, such as land-use change, have not yet been evaluated. Before effects of land-use change can be evaluated, a basic understanding of the...

Theory predicts that sexual selection should aid adaptation to novel environments, but empirical support for this idea is limited. Pathogens are a major driver of host evolution and, unlike abiotic selection pressures, undergo epidemiological and co-evolutionary cycles with the host involving adaptation and counteradaptation. Because of this, populations harbor ample genetic variation underlying immunity and the opportunity for sexual selection based on condition-dependent “good genes” is expected to be large. In this study, we evolved...