Additional file 2. Frequency of designs with adequate statistical power by method and test.

UAS imagery data and data products from Camas, Cedar Gulch and Rocky Canyon Idaho. Data were collected in both summer and winter seasons between 2013-2015. Data products include digital surface models (DSM), orthorectified color imagery (Ortho), and las point cloud files for each site and season; the dataset also contains 5-cm and 25-cm resolution canopy height models (CHM) for the Camas and Cedar Gulch sites during the summer sampling season. Processing reports are provided for...

Understanding interactions between environmental stress and genetic variation is crucial to predict the adaptive capacity of species to climate change. Leaf temperature is both a driver and a responsive indicator of plant physiological response to thermal stress, and methods to monitor it are needed. Foliar temperatures vary across leaf to canopy scales and are influenced by genetic factors, challenging efforts to map and model this critical variable. Thermal imagery collected using unoccupied aerial systems (UAS)...

Premise Although vanilla is one of the best-known spices, there is a limited understanding of its biology and genetics within Mexico, where its cultivation originated and where phenotypic variability is high. This study aims to augment our understanding of vanilla’s genetic resources by assessing species delimitation and genetic, geographic, and climatic variability within Mexican cultivated vanilla. Methods Nuclear and plastid DNA sequence data from 58 Mexican samples collected from three regions and 133 ex-situ accessions...

Context The amount and composition of phytochemicals in forage plants influences habitat quality for wild herbivores. However, evaluating forage quality at fine resolutions across broad spatial extents (i.e., foodscapes) is challenging. Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) provide an avenue for bridging this gap in spatial scale. Objectives We evaluated the potential for UAS technology to accurately predict nutritional quality of sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) across landscapes. We mapped seasonal forage quality across two sites in Idaho, USA,...

The images used to make these data products were collected at Duncan Saddle, approximately one hour south of Mountain Home, Idaho, in August 2021. We used a DJI Mavic 2 Pro with Map Pilot Pro software to capture imagery over the area of interest. The imagery was collected in a crossgrid pattern at 44m above ground level; the resulting imagery have a ground resolution of 1cm/pixel. The images were processed and the products created in...

The images used to make these data products were collected at and near Castle Rocks State Park, Idaho, in June 2021 and September 2021. We used a DJI Mavic 2 Pro with Map Pilot Pro software to capture imagery over four sites of interest. The imagery was collected in a crossgrid pattern at 40m above ground level; the resulting imagery have a ground resolution of 1cm/pixel. The images were processed and the products created in...

How intensely animals use habitat features depends on their functional properties (i.e., how the feature influences fitness) and the spatial and temporal scale considered. For herbivores, habitat use is expected to reflect the competing risks of starvation, predation, and thermal stress, but the relative influence of each functional property is expected to vary in space and time. We examined how a dietary and habitat specialist, the pygmy rabbit (Brachylagus idahoensis), used these functional properties of...

Chirita umbrophila C.Y.Wu ex H.W.Li is a species endemic to Yunnan, China, and its exact systematic position remains a mystery since it was treated as a species with uncertain generic affiliation in the taxonomic revision of Chirita Buch.-Ham. ex Don in 1985. In the present study, the phylogenetic relationships between C. umbrophila and its allied species were inferred using two nuclear ribosomal DNA regions (ETS and ITS) and three chloroplast regions (rpl16, rps16, and trnL-F)....

Does drought stress in temperate Pacific Northwest, USA, grasslands alters the relationship between plant structure and function? Here we report data from an experiment focusing on growth form and species traits that affect the critical functions of water- and nutrient-use efficiency in prairie and pasture plant communities. A total of 139 individuals of 12 species (11 genera and four families) were sampled in replicated plots maintained for three years across a 520 km latitudinal gradient...

Seasonal migration is a dynamic natural phenomenon that allows organisms to exploit favorable habitats across the annual cycle. While the morphological, physiological, and behavioral changes associated with migratory behavior are well characterized, the genetic basis of migration and its link to endogenous biological timekeeping pathways is poorly understood. Historically, genome-wide research has focused on genes of large effect, whereas many genes of small effect may work together to regulate complex traits like migratory behavior. Here,...

Compilation of sagebrush chemistry and herbivore interaction data from Idaho USA. Chemical data includes percent crude protein, percent nitrogen, coumarins, phenolics, total monoterpenes, monoterpene chemical diversity, and quantifiable amounts of the following monoterpenes: aPinene, Camphene, bPinene, p_cymene, 1,8_cineole, monoterpene "unknown 20.1", Camphor, and Borneol. Herbivore interaction data includes bite mark counts, fecal pellet counts, and/or evidence of foraging presence/absence data for pygmy rabbits and sage grouse at select study sites. At the time of publication...

Plant communities are composed of complex phenotypes that not only differ among taxonomic groups and habitats but also change over time within a species. Restoration projects (e.g., translocations, reseeding) can introduce new functional variation in plants, which further diversifies phenotypes and complicates our ability to identify locally adaptive phenotypes for future restoration. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers one approach to detect the chemical phenotypes that differentiate plant species, populations, and phenological states of individual plants over...

Anthropogenic noise and its effects on acoustic communication have received considerable attention in recent decades. Yet, the natural acoustic environment’s influence on communication and its role in shaping acoustic signals remains unclear. Using landscape-level playbacks of ocean surf and river noise in coastal and riparian habitat, respectively, we investigated how water-generated noise influences spectral and temporal song characteristics in six songbird species. We recorded individuals defending territories across 37 sites, with each site representing one...

Warning signals are well known in the visual system, but rare in other modalities. Some moths produce ultrasonic sounds to warn bats of noxious taste or to mimic unpalatable models. Here we report results from a long-term study across the globe, assaying moth response to playback of bat echolocation. We tested 252 genera, spanning most families of large-bodied moths, and document anti-bat ultrasound production in 52 genera, with eight new subfamily origins described. Based on...

Predicting forest recovery at landscape scales will aid forest restoration efforts. The first step in successful forest recovery is tree recruitment. Forecasts of tree recruit abundance, derived from the landscape-scale distribution of seed sources (i.e. adult trees), could assist efforts to identify sites with high potential for natural regeneration. However, previous work has revealed wide variation in the effect of seed sources on seedling abundance, from positive to no effect. We quantified the relationship between...

Accurate predictions of ecological restoration outcomes are needed across the increasingly large landscapes requiring treatment following disturbances. However, observational studies often fail to account for nonrandom treatment application, which can result in invalid inference. Examining a spatiotemporally extensive management treatment involving post-fire seeding of declining sagebrush shrubs across semiarid areas of the western USA over two decades, we quantify drivers and consequences of selection biases in restoration using remotely sensed data. From following more than...

Additional file 2. Frequency of designs with adequate statistical power by method and test.

Additional file 3. Sample size crosstabulation.

Additional file 3. Sample size crosstabulation.

Researchers have long debated which estimator of relatedness best captures the degree of relationship between two individuals. In the genomics era, this debate continues, with relatedness estimates being sensitive to the methods used to generate markers, marker quality, and levels of diversity in sampled individuals. Here, we compare six commonly used genome-based relatedness estimators (kinship genetic distance (KGD), Wang Maximum Likelihood (TrioML), Queller and Goodnight (Rxy), Kinship INference for Genome-wide association studies (KING-robust), and Pairwise...

1. PUBLICATION CORRESPONDING TO THESE DATA Sloan, Sean*; Locatelli, Bruno; Andela, Niels; Cattau, Megan E.; Gaveau, David; Tacconi, Luca. 2022 ‘Declining Severe Fire Activity on Managed Lands in Equatorial Asia’. Communications Earth & Environment. DOI: 10.1038/s43247-022-00522-6. *Corresponding author email: sean.sloan@viu.ca 2. ABSTRACT OF THE DATA The GIS data and corresponding attribute data described here pertain to discrete fire events, their severity, and their ignitions, as derived on the basis of daily MODIS Collection 6 MCD14ML...

A fundamental question about the ecology of herbivore populations pertains to the relative influence of biotic and abiotic processes on nutritional condition. Nutritional condition is influenced in important, yet poorly understood, ways by plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) which can adversely affect a herbivore’s physiology and energetics. Here we assess the relative influence of various abiotic (weather) and biotic (intraspecific competition, predation risk and diet composition) factors on indicators of nutritional condition and the energetic costs...

Interannual variation, especially weather, is an often-cited reason for restoration “failures”; yet its importance is difficult to experimentally isolate across broad spatiotemporal extents, due to correlations between weather and site characteristics. In the analysis associated with this dataset, we examined post-fire treatments within sagebrush-steppe ecosystems to ask: 1) Is weather following seeding efforts a primary reason why restoration outcomes depart from predictions? and 2) Does the management-relevance of weather differ across space and with time...