Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of the study participants with information for cognition outcomes. Mean and SD are shown for continuous variables. Supplementary Table 2. Characteristics of the study participants with information for neuroimaging outcomes. Mean and SD are shown for continuous variables. Supplementary Table 3. Characteristics of the study participants with information for CSF biomarkers. Mean and SD are shown for continuous variables.

Objectives: Approximately one in five stroke survivors suffer from difficulties with speech reception in noise, despite normal audiometry. These deficits are treatable with personal Frequency Modulated systems (FMs). This study aimed to evaluate long term benefits in speech reception in noise, after daily 10 week use of personal FMs, in non-aphasic stroke patients with auditory processing deficits. Design: This was a prospective non randomised controlled trial study. Patients were allocated to an intervention care group...

Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of the study participants with information for cognition outcomes. Mean and SD are shown for continuous variables. Supplementary Table 2. Characteristics of the study participants with information for neuroimaging outcomes. Mean and SD are shown for continuous variables. Supplementary Table 3. Characteristics of the study participants with information for CSF biomarkers. Mean and SD are shown for continuous variables.

Additional file 5: Supplementary Figure 1. Leave-one-out permutation analysis plot for AD signature among individuals at high genetic predisposition to AD obtained by leaving out the SNP indicated and repeating the Inverse-Variance Weighted method with the rest of the instrumental variables. Supplementary Figure 2. Leave-one-out permutation analysis plot for Aging signature among individuals at high genetic predisposition to AD, obtained by leaving out the SNP indicated and repeating the Inverse-Variance Weighted method with the rest...

Additional file 1: Supplementary Material 1. QUADAS-2 data for individual studies

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with longer telomere length. The effect allele refers to the allele that is associated with longer telomere length. Chromosomal position of the SNPs (genome assembly GRCh37 (hg19)) according to the public archive for genetic variation within and across different species developed and hosted by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) in collaboration with the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) (dbSNP).

Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 1. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on AD endophenotypes in the entire sample. Supplementary Table 2. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on AD endophenotypes among APOE-ɛ4 carriers. Supplementary Table 3. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on AD endophenotypes among APOE-ɛ4 non-carriers. Supplementary Table 4. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on...

Additional file 5: Supplementary Figure 1. Leave-one-out permutation analysis plot for AD signature among individuals at high genetic predisposition to AD obtained by leaving out the SNP indicated and repeating the Inverse-Variance Weighted method with the rest of the instrumental variables. Supplementary Figure 2. Leave-one-out permutation analysis plot for Aging signature among individuals at high genetic predisposition to AD, obtained by leaving out the SNP indicated and repeating the Inverse-Variance Weighted method with the rest...

Objective: To develop and implement an evidence based framework to select, from drugs already licenced, candidate oral neuroprotective drugs to be tested in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Design: Systematic review of clinical studies of oral putative neuroprotective therapies in MS and four other neurodegenerative diseases with shared pathological features, followed by systematic review and meta-analyses of the in vivo experimental data for those interventions. We presented summary data to an international multi-disciplinary committee, which assessed...

Additional file 1: Supplementary Material 1. QUADAS-2 data for individual studies

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with longer telomere length. The effect allele refers to the allele that is associated with longer telomere length. Chromosomal position of the SNPs (genome assembly GRCh37 (hg19)) according to the public archive for genetic variation within and across different species developed and hosted by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) in collaboration with the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) (dbSNP).

Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. Linear regression estimates for cognition outcomes in the entire sample. All models are adjusted for covariates: age, sex, education, and APOE status. Supplementary Table 2. Linear regression estimates for neuroimaging outcomes (i.e., Alzheimer’s disease and aging signatures) outcome in the entire sample. All models are adjusted for covariates: age, sex, education, and APOE status. Supplementary Table 3. Linear regression estimates for CSF biomarkers outcomes in the entire sample. All...

Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. Linear regression estimates for cognition outcomes in the entire sample. All models are adjusted for covariates: age, sex, education, and APOE status. Supplementary Table 2. Linear regression estimates for neuroimaging outcomes (i.e., Alzheimer’s disease and aging signatures) outcome in the entire sample. All models are adjusted for covariates: age, sex, education, and APOE status. Supplementary Table 3. Linear regression estimates for CSF biomarkers outcomes in the entire sample. All...

Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 1. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on AD endophenotypes in the entire sample. Supplementary Table 2. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on AD endophenotypes among APOE-ɛ4 carriers. Supplementary Table 3. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on AD endophenotypes among APOE-ɛ4 non-carriers. Supplementary Table 4. Results of the effect of genetically predicted longer telomere length on...