The potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, is a regulated pest posing a serious threat to potato production worldwide. Although the endemic pathotype (Ro1) of G. rostochiensis has been confined to New York State for several decades as a result of quarantine regulations and management with resistant potato cultivars, a virulent pathotype, Ro2, has emerged, for which control measures are scarce. The ability to detect Ro2 early in fields is necessary to sustain the success of...

Additional file 5. Download path of FASTA sequences for the lncRNAs from 25 plants.

Additional file 5. Download path of FASTA sequences for the lncRNAs from 25 plants.

The attached .csv file contains accession number, definition, and GenBank URL for 28 rDNA sequences: MF077637–MF077640 and MF098761 (‘Ca. Annandia pinicola’), MF077633–MF077636 (‘Ca. Gillettellia cooleyia’), MF077641–MF077645 (‘Ca. Hartigia pinicola’), MF108835-MF108838 (‘Ca. Profftia spp.’), MF098762 (‘Ca. Pseudomonas adelgestsugas from Taiwan), MF063340- MF063348 (‘Ca. Vallotia spp.’).

Additional file 3. Curated output from dbCAN for grouping and counting the number of genes in specific CAZyme families.

Additional file 5: Authorship contributions and acknowledgements mapped to NORMAN-SLE lists (XLSX format).

Additional file 3: Summary of Zenodo view and download statistics, plus citations (CSV format) as of 28 April 2022 [235].

Additional file 14: Table S9. The list of differentially expressed (DE) genes and their functional enrichment.

Additional file 18: Table S13. The correlation between discriminant candidate biomarkers.

Additional file 18: Table S13. The correlation between discriminant candidate biomarkers.

Additional file 6: Table S1. Genes and their primer sequences used for real-time qPCR validation of RNA-sequencing results.

Additional file 6: Table S1. Genes and their primer sequences used for real-time qPCR validation of RNA-sequencing results.

A grand challenge facing humanity is how to produce food for a growing population in the face of a changing climate and environmental degradation. Though empirical evidence remains sparse, management strategies that increase environmental sustainability, like increasing agroecosystem diversity through crop rotations, may also increase resilience to weather extremes without sacrificing yields. We used multilevel regression analyses of long-term crop yield datasets across a continental precipitation gradient to assess how temporal crop diversification affects maize...

Prolonged infection and possible evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in patients living with uncontrolled HIV-1 infection highlight the importance of an effective vaccination regimen, yet the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines and predictive immune biomarkers have not been well investigated. Herein, we report that the magnitude and persistence of antibody and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) elicited by an Ad5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine are impaired in SIV-infected macaques with high viral loads (> 105 genome copies per ml plasma, SIVhi) but...

Additional file 1: Table S1. Prier used in this study. Table S2. List of 392 Glycine soja accessions and acumulated temperature zones. Table S3. 92 SNPs that significantly associated with flowering time in average across the two-year experiment (2020 and 2021). Table S4. The genes conresponding to the genomic regions surrounding ~50Kb of 92 SNPs that signficantly associated with flowering time in average in 2020 and 2021. Table S5. 28 candidate genes related to flowering...

Additional file 11: Table S6. The list of genes harboring DMCs or overlapping with DMRs.

Additional file 12: Table S7. Functional enrichment of genes harboring at least 15 DMCs.

Additional file 12: Table S7. Functional enrichment of genes harboring at least 15 DMCs.

Insect larvae typically moult to grow, but here we investigate insect larvae that moult to shrink; that is, retrogressive moulting or retrogressive development. We demonstrate this phenomenon in the khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Dermestidae), among the world's most invasive pests of stored grains and cereal products, and a quarantine pest of interest for many countries. Larvae survived a 3‐month period of starvation, moulting up to six times and reducing their body mass by about...

1. Consistent behavioural differences between individuals have far-reaching implications for ecology and evolution, including how populations cope with increasing anthropogenic changes, notably pesticides. Although sublethal doses of insecticides are known to alter behaviour, current studies on the relationship between toxicants and behaviour tend to ignore effects on individual variation. 2. Our objective was to determine whether sublethal exposure to an organophosphate insecticide could affect the consistency of individual behaviour and disrupt behavioural correlations, in a...

1. Pre-release testing for biological control agents is focused primarily on assessment of host-range specificity and safety of potential agents. Agent impact is considered pre-release, however the ultimate assessment of an agent must occur following release in the field under the target population levels and conditions of the invaded ecosystems. The invasive Eurasian vine, Vincetoxicum rossicum, has spread aggressively through its invaded range of eastern North America since its initial introduction in the late 1800’s....

The superfamily Platygastroidea (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupomorpha) is a diverse group of parasitoid wasps that attack nine orders of insects as well as spiders. They appear to show a clear pattern of host group specificity among genera. A robust phylogeny is essential to understanding the monophyly of and relationships among lower level groups and the pattern of the shifts among host groups. We conducted phylogenetic analyses of Platygastroidea based on four molecular markers (18S, 28S, COI, and...

Reconstructing a robust phylogenetic framework is key to understanding the ecology and evolution of many economically important taxa. The crambid moth genus Ostrinia contains multiple agricultural pests, and its classification and phylogeny has remained controversial due to the paucity of characters and the lack of clear morphological boundaries for its species. To address these issues, we inferred a molecular phylogeny of Ostrinia using a phylogenomic dataset containing 498 loci and 115,197 nucleotide sites and examined...

Additional file 1. Genomic sequences and their corresponding annotations of 25 flowering plants.

Additional file 3. GO annotations of 196 conserved lncRNAs.