Vision is critical for most vertebrates, including fish. One challenge that aquatic habitats pose is the high variability in spectral properties depending on depth, turbidity and composition of the water body. By altering opsin gene expression and chromophore usage, cichlid fish modulate visual sensitivities to maximize sensory input from the available light in their respective habitat. Thyroid hormone (TH) has been proposed to play a role in governing adaptive diversification in visual sensitivity in Nicaraguan...

Additional file 10: Data File S1. Fasta-formatted CSGs found in bacterial symbionts of Ircinia.

Additional file 3: R documentation of changepoint functions.

Additional file 8: Table S3. Table of genes and domains that are significantly enriched or depleted in Ircinia, and which are plotted in Fig. 2.

The evolution of sex chromosomes and their differentiation from autosomes is a major event during genome evolution that happened many times in several lineages. The repeated evolution and lability of sex-determination mechanisms in fishes makes this a well-suited system to test for general and predictable patterns in evolution. According to current theory, differentiation is triggered by the suppression of recombination following the evolution of a new master-sex determining gene. However, the molecular mechanisms that establish...

Artificial light at night (ALAN) has been and still is rapidly spreading, and has become an important component of global change. Although numerous studies have tested its potential biological and ecological impacts on animals, very few studies have tested whether it affects alien and native plants differently. Furthermore, common plant species, and particularly common alien species, are often found to benefit more from additional resources than rare native and rare alien species. Whether this is...

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Additional file 10: Data File S1. Fasta-formatted CSGs found in bacterial symbionts of Ircinia.

Additional file 7: Table S2. Table of relative abundances of Synechococcus MAGs in Ircinia, inferred via CoverM.

Additional file 6: Table S1. Taxonomy, statistics, source metadata, and CSG occurrence in MAGs that passed QC and dereplication steps and were used in the final analyses. The archaeal MAGs and the Trichodesmium MAG that did not meet the completeness threshold are included.

Additional file 9: Table S4. The top BLASTn hits for representative CSGs.

Additional file 2: R documentation of data selection and chronotype estimations.

The worldwide decline in pollinating insects is alarming. One of the main anthropogenic drivers is the massive use of pesticides in agriculture. Risk assessment procedures test pesticides for mortality rates of well-fed, parasite-free individuals of a few non-target species. Sublethal and synergistic effects of co-occurring stressors are usually not addressed. Here, we present a simple, high-throughput bio-essay to assess such effects. Using brood thermoregulation in bumblebee microcolonies as readout, we investigate how this collective ability...