We analysed the forensic characteristics and substructure of the Handan Han population based on 36 Y-STR (short tandem repeat) and Y-SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) markers. The two most dominant haplogroups in Handan Han, O2a2b1a1a1-F8 (17.95%) and O2a2b1a2a1a (21.51%), and their abundant downstream branches, reflected the strong expansion of the precursor of the Hans in Handan. The present results enrich the forensic database and explore the genetic relationships between Handan Han and other neighbouring and/or linguistically...

Despite extensive studies on cultivated rice, the genetic structure and subdivision of this crop remain unclear at both global and local scales. Using 84 nuclear simple sequence repeat markers, we genotyped a panel of 153 global rice cultivars covering all previously recognized groups and 826 cultivars representing the diversity of Chinese rice germplasm. On the basis of model-based grouping, neighbour-joining tree and principal coordinate analysis, we confirmed the widely accepted five major groups of rice...

This is wood decomposition data conducted in an semiarid inland dune including mass loss, initial wood traits and k values of combinations between five diameter classes and four shrub species under different treatments including UV and litter position. We found that after 34 months of in situ incubation, the mass loss of buried woody litters was three times faster than those of suspended and surface woody litters (53.5 ± 2.7 %, 17.0 ± 1.0 %...

The emerging COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection poses severe challenges to global public health. Serum antibody testing is becoming one of the critical methods for the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients. We investigated IgM and IgG responses against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S) protein after symptom onset in the intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU patients. 130 blood samples from 38 COVID-19 patients were collected. The levels of IgM and IgG specific to N and...

Gnetophytes are an enigmatic gymnosperm lineage comprising three genera, Gnetum, Welwitschia and Ephedra, which are morphologically distinct from all other seed plants. Their distinctiveness has triggered much debate as to their origin, evolution and phylogenetic placement among seed plants. To increase our understanding of the evolution of gnetophytes, and their relation to other seed plants, we report here a high-quality draft genome sequence for Gnetum montanum, the first for any gnetophyte. By using a novel...

Grazing and mowing are two dominant management regimes used in grasslands. Although many studies have focused on the effects of grazing intensity on plant community structure, far fewer test how grazing impacts the soil microbial community. Furthermore, the effects of long-term grazing and mowing on plant and microbial community structure are poorly understood. To elucidate how these management regimes affect plant and microbial communities, we collected data from 280 quadrats in a semiarid steppe after...

The emerging COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection poses severe challenges to global public health. Serum antibody testing is becoming one of the critical methods for the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients. We investigated IgM and IgG responses against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S) protein after symptom onset in the intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU patients. 130 blood samples from 38 COVID-19 patients were collected. The levels of IgM and IgG specific to N and...

Additional file 2: Table S1. Pairwise sequence identity and genetic distance of the concatenated dataset (atp6 + COI) between individuals used in the study and other B. spp. Table S2. Summary of transcriptome data before and after quality control. Table S3. Mapping rates. Table S4. Summary of unigenes and transcripts. Table S5. DEGs in the inter-individual comparision groups with the highest fold changes. Table S6. Annotations from each database. Table S7. Expression level matrix of...

Additional file 2: Table S1. Pairwise sequence identity and genetic distance of the concatenated dataset (atp6 + COI) between individuals used in the study and other B. spp. Table S2. Summary of transcriptome data before and after quality control. Table S3. Mapping rates. Table S4. Summary of unigenes and transcripts. Table S5. DEGs in the inter-individual comparision groups with the highest fold changes. Table S6. Annotations from each database. Table S7. Expression level matrix of...

Collaborative geographic analysis can lead to better outcomes but requires complicated interactions among participants, support resources and analytic tools. A process expression with explicit structure and content can help coordinate and guide these interactions. For different geographic problems, the structure and content of collaborative geographic analysis are generally distinct. Since the process structure embodies the pathway of problem-solving and the process content contains the information flow and internal interactions, both the structure and the content...

Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), also known as premature ovarian failure, is an ovarian defect in humans characterized by the premature depletion of ovarian follicles before the age of 40. However, the mechanisms underlying POI remain largely unknown. Here, we show that knockout of Epg5 (ectopic P-granules autophagy protein 5 homolog (C. elegans)) results in subfertility in female mice, which exhibit a POI-like phenotype. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the knockout of Epg5 affected the...

Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Clinicopathological data of 60 NPC and 26 NPE tissues measured by qRT-PCR.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Phenotypic performance and heterosis of traits in Q9311B/WSSM RILs and backcross F1s (Q9311A × RIL).

Additional file 7: Table S4. Epistasis QTLs for 12 traits in the three environments.

Additional file 3. Differentially expressed protein data.

Additional file 3: Table S1 Analysis of variance for LL, LW and LA in an F1 population using mixed model for two years in two locations (CP and LF)

Additional file 9: Table S2: Acetylated proteins and acetylated peptides identified in this study.

Supplementary material 1: Table S1. Taxonomic classification of OTUs detected from Sanghuangporus vaninii fruiting body with total ITS rDNA read numbers. Table S2. The fungal OTUs associated with S. vaninii fruiting body were annotated into trophic modes. Table S3. Trophic modes annotation of associated fungi at genus level. Table S4. Trophic modes and their guilds annotation of fungi associated with S. vaninii fruiting body.

Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) programs have been implemented globally to protect ecosystems while securing the well-being of affected people. Reasonable payment standards are key to successful PES programs. Although some approaches are available for determining payment standards, few studies have applied them for grassland conservation with location indicators and socioeconomic contexts properly considered. Using China’s first pilot Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy (GECP) as an example, we analyzed the effects of payment levels, other natural...

Additional file 5: Table S3. List of 2,061 up-regulated genes (‘sativa’ Vs ‘falcata’).

Additional file 6: Table S4. List of 1,709 down-regulated genes (‘sativa’ Vs ‘falcata’).

Additional file 6: Table S4. List of 1,709 down-regulated genes (‘sativa’ Vs ‘falcata’).

Additional file 7: Table S5. The information of the seven candidates.

Additional file 5: Supplemental Table 5. The potential circPVT1-interacting proteins in CNE2 cells identified by LC-MS/MS spectrometry after pull-down with the biontin-labeled circPVT1 probe.

Additional file 8: Supplemental Table 8. Clinicopathological data of 3 NPC tissues measured by RNA pull-down.