Test conducted by Rebecca Diaz at the George H. Cook Campus, Rutgers University as part of the Young Horse Teaching & Research Program of the Equine Science Center, Rutgers University. One of a series of tests comparing behavior responses of mustangs fed a high starch diet versus behavior responses of mustangs fed a low starch diet. In this second test, four mustangs have been on a high starch diet (total mixed ration cubes and 10%...

Test conducted by Rebecca Diaz at the George H. Cook Campus, Rutgers University as part of the Young Horse Teaching & Research Program of the Equine Science Center, Rutgers University. One of a series of tests comparing behavior responses of mustangs fed a high starch diet versus behavior responses of mustangs fed a low starch diet. In this novel object test, the horses are allowed to investigate a medicine ball for 3 minutes. In this...

A welcome from the conference organizer, George A. Kiraz. and the Vice President for Information Services and University Librarian of the Rutgers University Libraries, Marianne I. Gaunt. Also introducing Jack Darakly, Sessions chair

This is the first of seven clips from the night session. In it, Jeff, Michael, and Romina discuss the coefficients of the binomial expansion, specifically (a+b) to the 10th power. In attempting to explain why 45 is the coefficient of the third term in this expansion, the students refer to counting how many 10-tall towers have exactly two cubes of a specific color. Note: The 10-tall towers problem is an instance of the n-tall towers...

In the fourth of five clips from a single class session, we see two students, Jessica and Andrew, placing unit fractions, ranging from 1/10 to 1/2, on a number line segment with endpoints labelled 0 and 1. They conjectured about the location for the point 1/100 and whether the magnitude of the number line makes a difference in the placement of these numbers. The question of a possible location for 1/1000 on the number line...

George A. Kiraz is the director of the Beth Mardutho Research Library and president and co-founder of the Gorgias Press, both located in Piscataway, NJ. He is introduced by conference chair, Jack Darakjy.

Test conducted as part of the Young Horse Teaching & Research Program of the Equine Science Center, Rutgers University, November, 2009. Subject was RU Brisa, a 6-month-old weanling draft cross born May, 2009. Test conducted by Dr. Sarah L. Ralston, with Elyse Conway, at the George H. Cook Campus, Rutgers University. Duration of test: 53 seconds. Overall score on a scale of 1-4 (4 is highest compliance):

During this session, conducted as a whole class discussion, Researcher Maher revisited the problem that the students had worked on during the previous three sessions: Which is larger, two thirds or three fourths, and by how much? First, she asked students to show her the smallest model that could be built to show the difference between the two fractions. After it was built, she asked the students to convince her that it was indeed the...

During this session, conducted as a whole class discussion, Researcher Maher revisited the problem that the students had worked on during the previous three sessions: Which is larger, two thirds or three fourths, and by how much? First, she asked students to show her the smallest model that could be built to show the difference between the two fractions. After it was built, she asked the students to convince her that it was indeed the...

This video shows an iLASIK procdure using the IntraLase iFS femtosecond laaer and the Visx STAAR S4 excimer laser to perform a wavefront-guided LASIK after implantation of a Tecnis diffractive mutifocal IOL.

Usually when larger blood volumes are being removed from underneath the macula then the RPE goes with the blood. An RPE substitute is then required, either by macular translocation or by translocation of a free transplant of pigment epithelium and choroid. The latter is shown here.

Core vitrectomy, posterior vitreous separation if not yet present, vitreous base shaving, usually those eye are pseudophakic otherwise the natural lens can be shifted anteriorly by anterior chamber drainage, so that the vitreous base is accessible without damage to the lens. BSS injection is used to detach the retina, first transretinally to create a retinal bleb of sufficient size to allow further BSS injection transretinally via a 30 or 27 gauge cannula. As long as...

The situation of rupture of both eye balls concerned both eyes after a bomb explosion as a criminal attack. The patient had “perception of light” in both eyes. One eye was primarily enucleated. The other eye was reconstructed as shown here. This is meant as an example of successful reconstruction in an assumingly hopeless situation and as a reason against primary enucleation at the time of emergency surgery. Since there was no ciliary body and...

A prominent pucker-like formation in a child is diagnosed as posterior variant of primary persistent hyaloid. After vitrectomy a thick membrane can be aspirated and peeled of the macula with the cutter. Petechial hemorrhages suggest the ILM is gone with the epimacular membrane, which is confirmed by ICG staining. At the outer prominent rim of this process no further tissue can be peeled off.

Vitreous to be demonstrated requires a focused light or a light source close to the cutter tip. A diffuse light pipe must be approached to the cutter tip. A chandelier light is diffuse and in most locations to distant from the cutter tip and unsuitable to visualize vitreous. The chandelier light provides the diffuse light for the overview (safety) and an additional light should be positioned close to the cutter opening. An illuminated cutter delivers...

The standard fixation of an encircling belt is a permanent scleral suture. Sutures have the disadvantage that they eventually may protrude through the conjunctiva, they may cut through the sclera causing dislocation of the belt, or they may be assciated with infections. The scleral loop requires only a round knife (Teller-Messer), formed like a plate. In case of very thin (blue) sclera a suture will not hold and extra sclera need to be sutured onto...

Even though this is a macular hole this film focuses on the staining characteristics of the accompanying pucker membrane extrafoveally. The epiretinal membrane stands out in negative contrast, as unstained. Once the pucker is peeled then a second application of ICG unreveals the remaining ILM.

Vitreo-retinal adhesion is typically extremely tight in high myopia at the posterior pole. Remnants or plaques of hyaloid are often associated with retinal tears, then in conjunction with posterior pole rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. To ignore residual hyaloid would mean to accept a risk of PVR retinal re-detachment. The hyaloid is virtually impossible to discern without the help of triamcinolone. Then it is so adherent that suction is insufficient force to detach it. It requires a...

The relevant cause of visual loss is here a preretinal but sub-ILM bleeding from a retina macroaneurysm. Part of the hemorrhage is (typically) intraretina, part subretina, but fortunately these more difficult representations are outside the macula. By peeling of the premacular ILM and aspiration of the fresher premacular blood visual improvement could be achieved.

The goal of treatment of such advances stages of FEVR is to get to the abnormal peripheral retinal vessels and coagulate them. On the way lensectomy and vitrectomy are necessary. The vitreous consists for typical multiple onion-like layers of veils, that are rather stiff, but not very tractional and grow out of the retina. They cannot be completely detached but only trimmed back.

The reason for the endoresection is the location of the tumor in the vicinity of the macula. Brachytherapy as only means would likely damage the fovea. Endoresection is always combined with brachytherapy, but after removal of the tumor a much lower dose is needed to “sterilize” the sclera. The vitrectomy after 180 degree retinotomy is performed under air to prevent seeding of tumor cells. Also eventual hemorrhage does not compromise the view. The disadvantage of...

The overly hard fluid jet of liquid perfluorocarbon directed towards the posterior pole of the eye near the retinal surface perforates the fovea. Most of the subretinal fluid escapes spontaneously via a pre-existing retinotomy. Remnants of submacular PFCL are being evacuated by the pressure of a preretinal PFCL bubble and subretinal aspiration. The procedure is completed by submacular transplantation of autologous pigment epithelium and choroid. The iatrogenic macular hole is addressed by ILM peeling.

The surgeon who performed the vitrectomy and silicone oil fill and silicone oil removal in optic pit was uncertain whether the central silicone oil bubbles were under the retina. Subretinal oil has been described in conjunction with silicone oil surgery of optic pits. In this case however the bubbles were entangled between retina (macula) and ILM. The ILM could be stained and removed over the attached macula. The oil bubbles were aspirated and PFCL was...

Since the introduction of dyes in macular hole surgery we recognize the admixture of more or less epiretinal membrane in conjunction with macular hole formation. I do not imply a correlation of epimacular membranes to macular hole formation since even severe pucker formation occur without macular hole. Adressing those combined macular holes and epiretinal membranes we first need to peel the epiretinal membrane, which we find in the non-stained area. Thereafter we need to check...