This project, a competing renewal of grant R01AI139254, will enable point of care (POC) testing of noninvasive oral swab samples for diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB). Pulmonary TB is usually detected by analysis of sputum, which many patients cannot routinely produce for testing, especially at POC. Moreover, sputum collection is not routinely possible in community screening settings among non-symptomatic people. TB case-finding would be facilitated by use of a sample that is safe and easy...

The proposed research will develop computer-based methods to perform and update systematic literature reviews in the field of implementation research. It addresses the need of sophisticated information extraction tools for tracking measures and methods, implementation strategies, and implementation outcomes. These new tools will be useful for implementation researchers who want to identify patterns in funded studies over time, and reveal opportunities to synthesize and generalize across studies.

A well-known adverse drug reaction (ADR) of anticoagulants is serious bleeding. High INRs on warfarin have been well correlated to bleeding risk. Clinical trials of Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs), which are not therapeutically monitored, show approximately 5% incidence of major bleeding and warfarin has shown a 10% risk to serious bleeding for those in the highest risk categories. Our preliminary data showed that many of the bleeds that do occur in African American (AA) patients...

Lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects more than 200 million people worldwide and is a major cause of disability. Yet few medical therapies exist for PAD. Cocoa flavanols have therapeutic properties that may improve calf muscle perfusion and reverse the gastrocnemius muscle abnormalities that contribute to disability in PAD. Our recently funded COCOA PAD II Trial (R01-AG068458) is a multi-center double-blinded randomized trial that will test the effects of cocoa flavanols vs. placebo on...