Ropivacaine is a commonly used local anaesthetic, but its side effects remain largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the side effects of ropivacaine in human neuronal SH-5Y5Y cells. We show that 0.5% and 1% ropivacaine could cause fission-like mitochondrial morphological changes. Ropivacaine exclusively induces mitochondrial fission protein DRP1, generation of ROS and causes mitochondrial dysfunction including decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential, the activity of cytochrome C oxidase and ATP production. The side effects of...

The wedge-tailed green pigeon (Treron sphenurus) has a protective value in the evolution of the family Columbidae. In this study, the complete mitogenome of T. sphenurus from Baise City, China, which represents the first sequenced species of the genus Treron in Tribe Treronini, is reported. This was accomplished using PCR-based methods and a primer-walking sequencing strategy with genus-specific primers. The mitogenome was found to be 18,919 bp in length comprising 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding...

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a differentiated type of thyroid malignancy with a high incidence. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) DUXAP8 has been reported to participate in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of several cancer types. However, its association with PTC has not yet been reported. The current study aimed to investigate the role of DUXAP8 in PTC and revealed the underlying mechanisms. The expression of DUXAP8 was knocked down in two PTC cell lines and...

Insulin resistance (IR) is a complex pathological condition resulting from the dysregulation of cellular response to insulin hormone in insulin-dependent cells and is recognized as a pathogenic hallmark and strong risk factor for metabolic syndrome. The present study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis of IR. Here, we used human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to establish the IR cell model induced by 1 × 10−6 mmol/L insulin. After 48 h, reactive...

The accumulation and penetration of antitumor drugs in tumor tissues are directly related to their antitumor effects. The particle size of the nanodrug delivery system is one of the most important factors for the accumulation and penetration of antitumor drugs within tumor tissues. Generally, nanodelivery systems of intermediate size (100–120 nm) are capable of efficient accumulation owing to prolonged circulation and enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect; however, smaller ones (20–40 nm) are effective for...

The ethanol extract of the roots of Codonopsis pilosula was subjected to chromatographic fractionation, which result in the isolation and characterization of two new aromatic derivatives 2,3-dihydroxypropyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate (1) and 2-oxopropyl 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate (2), along with three known compounds pilosulinene A (3), pollenfuran B (4) and (+)-pinoresinol (5). Their structures were demonstrated by HRESIMS and spectroscopic methods including NMR and IR. It is worth noting that compound 4 was isolated for the first time from the...

Three new sesquiterpenoid alkaloids, cangorin K (1), dimacroregelines C (2) and D (3), as well as two known sesquiterpenoids (4–5), were isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. The structures of new compounds were characterised by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses, as well as HRESIMS data, and the known compounds were established by 1 D NMR spectra referring to the literatures. Cytotoxicity evaluation of these compounds against two human tumour lines...

Background: The new Family-Community-Hospital (FCH) three-level comprehensive management aimed to improve the efficiency and scale of peritoneal dialysis (PD) to meet the increased population of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Our study focused on the clinical outcomes, quality of life, and costs evaluation of this model in a multi-center and prospective cohort study. Methods: A total of 190 ESRD patients who commenced PD at Shanghai Songjiang District were enrolled. According to different PD management models, patients...

Two previously undescribed triterpenoids (1–2), along with thirteen known compounds (3–15) were isolated from a CHCl3-soluble extract of the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic approaches. These compounds were assessed for their therapeutic effects on diabetic nephropathy (DN)-evoked fibrosis through High-Glucose and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) challenged HK-2 cells. Among them, compounds 3, 5 and 8 could remarkedly decrease the level of fibronectin to relieve DN...

Four new secoiridoids, syrretoside A (1), syrretoside B (2), 5β, 8β-syrretaglucone C(3), 5β, 8α-syrretaglucone C (4), together with eight known secoiridoids (5–12), were isolated from the stem barks of Syringa reticulata (Bl.) Hara. The structures of isolated compounds were established based on the physical and chemical means, NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), and circular dichroism spectrum (CD), as well as in comparison with the literature. The cytotoxicity of isolated compounds was investigated using CCK8...

The chlorination titanium blast furnace slag belongs to industrial waste, but after grinding, they can be used to prepare cementing fluids to realize the secondary utilization of solid waste resources. As a common additive, fluid loss additives are mostly used in oil well cement systems, and there is still a lot of room for development when applied to chlorination titanium blast furnace slag systems. In this paper, the AMPS/DN-1/DMC/AA tetramer fluid loss additive was synthesized...

Previous studies have shown that livestock (LA)-MRSA ST398 evolved from a human-adapted methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) clone. However, detailed information regarding ST9 is still unclear. Here, we characterized a community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) ST9-SCCmec XII isolate that has not been previously reported to cause serious disease in China. We obtained whole-genome sequences of one ST9-t899-XII isolate—ZY462471—from a patient with bloodstream infection without livestock contact. The antibiotic susceptibilities of ZY462471 were determined and the clinical...

As an essential trace element, iron is a necessary micronutrient for most organisms. Conyza blinii (C. blinii) is a traditional Chinese medicine grown in Sichuan, China. We chose C. blinii as material to explore the way plants respond to iron. Our results showed that iron increased the content of endogenous auxin, glandular trichomes (GTs) density and the content of blinin, the characteristic diterpene in C. blinii. Most of the key enzymes in the blinin synthesis...

Maleimides are typically applicable for coupling with reactive thiol moieties of antibodies in antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) via the thiol-Michael click chemistry. Even so, the thiosuccinimide group produced in ADCs is unstable under physiological conditions, which is a unresolved issue in the ADC industry that can cause serious off-target toxicity. Committed to solving the stability defects of traditional thiosuccinimide-containing ADCs, we explored a series of linkers based on the ring-opening hydrolysates of thiosuccinimide. Meanwhile, a type...

Nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) is widely used in many aspects of human life. However, there are still inconsistent conclusions about the effects of nano-TiO2 exposure on autophagy. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis were used to reveal whether nano-TiO2 induces dysregulation of autophagy. The results showed that LC3 II, Beclin-1 protein, and LC3 II/LC3 I protein ratio were significantly increased, but p62 protein was insignificantly changed. Subgroup analyses showed that p62 and Beclin-1 protein were increased...

Glucose fluctuation is more harmful than sustained hyperglycemia, but the effect on cardiomyocyte apoptosis have not yet been clarified. In this study, we aim to identify the effect of glucose fluctuation on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and explore the underlying mechanism. Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) and divided into three groups: controlled diabetic group (C-STZ); uncontrolled diabetic group (U-STZ) and glucose fluctuated diabetic group (GF-STZ). After twelve weeks, echocardiography, Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and Masson...

The introduction of leguminous crops for crop rotation can mitigate the negative effects of continuous cropping on soil health. In this experiment, we designed ten cropping patterns to optimise the rotation effect with different combinations of crop types, planting years, and order in a mainly potato-growing region. A 5-year cycle with three crops, undertaken in Inner Mongolia since 2009, was used to test soil properties and microbial structure. The relative abundance of plant growth-promoting bacteria...

Two new sesquiterpenoids, flammupin A (1) and flammupin B (2), along with two known compounds, enokipodin C (3) and 5,5'-dibuthoxy-2,2'-bifuran (4) were obtained from Flammulina velutipes, an endophytic fungus isolated from the roots of Caulophyllum robustum Maxim. The structures were elucidated by the combination of HR-ESI-MS, NMR, and ECD analyses. Compound 3 exhibited moderate to potent cytotoxicity against A549, HeLa, and SMMC-7721 cells with IC50 values ranged from 3.69 to 11.84 μM.

A variety of disturbances such as starvation, organelle damage, heat stress, hypoxia and pathogen infection can influence the autophagic process. However, how the macroautophagy/autophagy machinery is regulated intrinsically by structural damage of the cell remains largely unknown. In this work, we utilized the C. elegans epidermis as the model to address this question. Our results showed that structural damage by mechanical wounding exerted proximal inhibitory effect and distant promotional effect on autophagy within the same...

Gut microbiota is associated with the growth of various tumors, including malignant gliomas, through the brain-gut axis. Moreover, the gut microbiota in patients with malignant tumors may considerably differ from those with benign tumors. However, the associations of gut microbiota with benign and malignant brain tumors remain unclear. Hence, in order to explore these underlying relationships, patients with benign meningioma (n = 32), malignant glioma (n = 27), and healthy individuals (n = 41) were...

The alloying of precious metals with non-noble metals in the active components for hydrogen activation during regeneration of the solid acid catalyst in hydrogenation conditions, can reduce the cost of the catalyst and improve the catalytic efficiency of precious metals. However, it lacks a theoretical method to guide the development of non-noble-metal-based alloy catalysts. In this work, the dependence of hydrogen adsorption and dissociation of alloy models on various non-noble-metal bases has been investigated by...

To develop a sensitive and specific ELISA for geosmin (GSM), the research of this study is focused on the design and synthesis of several GSM derivatives, which maintain the whole GSM structure as much as possible and contain a spacer arm with an active group at the end. To form the GSM backbone, tandem organic reaction strategies were used to replace the traditional Robinson cyclization reaction. Five GSM derivatives were synthesized and the formed GSM...

To develop a sensitive and specific ELISA for geosmin (GSM), the research of this study is focused on the design and synthesis of several GSM derivatives, which maintain the whole GSM structure as much as possible and contain a spacer arm with an active group at the end. To form the GSM backbone, tandem organic reaction strategies were used to replace the traditional Robinson cyclization reaction. Five GSM derivatives were synthesized and the formed GSM...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been developing rapidly in recent years. It poses a severe peril to global health care, and the new strategies to against the MRSA is urgently needed. Sortase A (SrtA) regulates the anchoring of many surface proteins. Compounds repress Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) cysteine transpeptidase SrtA are considered adequate potent virulence inhibitors. Then, we describe the identification of an effective SrtA inhibitor, cyanidin chloride, a bioflavonoid compound isolated from various plants....

Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Poor prognosis and low survival rates have driven the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Nanosecond pulsed electric field has emerged as a novel, minimal invasive and non-thermal treatment for solid tumors. It is of great significance to study the combination therapy of nsPEF and other treatment strategies for pancreatic cancer. We developed neutrophil membrane-wrapped liposomal nanoparticles loaded with gemcitabine (NE/Lip-GEM) and investigated their...