2021 has been a landmark year for UK energy and climate policy. Plans and strategies were announced across many sectors, from offshore wind to how we heat our homes. The UK also hosted COP26 and pressed hard for greater ambition. Now that the spotlight has moved, in this Review, we consider whether plans will be adequate to deliver results. With a focus on gas and the UK continental shelf, industrial decarbonisation, heat, mobility and the...

The potential for the extraordinary island of Iceland to resolve seemingly intransigent problems in Earth Science has long been recognized. Alfred Wegener correctly surmised that his theory of continental drift could be tested there, and the necessary geodetic measurements were started as early as 1938. This, and other geophysical work often produced unexpected results. For example, observations reported before the acceptance of Wegener's hypothesis apparently supported it, while observations reported after its widespread acceptance seemed...